{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2068199766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2012.2228391","title":"Analysis of a 5.5-V Class-D Stage Used in $+$30-dBm Outphasing RF PAs in 130- and 65-nm CMOS","display_name":"Analysis of a 5.5-V Class-D Stage Used in $+$30-dBm Outphasing RF PAs in 130- and 65-nm CMOS","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2068199766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2012.2228391","mag":"2068199766"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2012.2228391","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2012.2228391","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-88467","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041008760","display_name":"Jonas Fritzin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonas Fritzin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Radio Design, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Radio Design, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103425141","display_name":"Christer Svensson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christer Svensson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029147977","display_name":"Atila Alvandpour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8922-2360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atila Alvandpour","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2498,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6119403,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"59","issue":"11","first_page":"726","last_page":"730"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10099","display_name":"GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cascode","display_name":"Cascode","score":0.7796552777290344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.7473772764205933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.6673329472541809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.647248387336731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.5381892919540405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverter","display_name":"Inverter","score":0.5322772264480591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3533242642879486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3322297930717468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3214585483074188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.3166542053222656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2527090311050415}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775946640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1735017","display_name":"Cascode","level":4,"score":0.7796552777290344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.7473772764205933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.6673329472541809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.647248387336731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.5381892919540405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11190779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q664575","display_name":"Inverter","level":3,"score":0.5322772264480591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3533242642879486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3322297930717468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3214585483074188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.3166542053222656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2527090311050415}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2012.2228391","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2012.2228391","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.455.7290","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.455.7290","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:604046/FULLTEXT01.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:liu-88467","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-88467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article in journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:liu-88467","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-88467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article in journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2009188094","https://openalex.org/W2036890552","https://openalex.org/W2055283523","https://openalex.org/W2082020954","https://openalex.org/W2089673179","https://openalex.org/W2096149630","https://openalex.org/W2108812909","https://openalex.org/W2112505083","https://openalex.org/W2119353506","https://openalex.org/W2124232244","https://openalex.org/W2128051765","https://openalex.org/W2130448076","https://openalex.org/W2131736450","https://openalex.org/W2135804694","https://openalex.org/W2140182622","https://openalex.org/W2143195793","https://openalex.org/W2145849786","https://openalex.org/W2152970296","https://openalex.org/W2154284380","https://openalex.org/W2157688661","https://openalex.org/W2163330071","https://openalex.org/W2164739147","https://openalex.org/W2166055633","https://openalex.org/W2169481615","https://openalex.org/W6659394106","https://openalex.org/W6678351404"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3151946603","https://openalex.org/W2550131318","https://openalex.org/W2056288484","https://openalex.org/W2169286576","https://openalex.org/W98453623","https://openalex.org/W2340624421","https://openalex.org/W2093117684","https://openalex.org/W2417422674","https://openalex.org/W2005804090","https://openalex.org/W1559639976"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"brief":[1],"presents":[2],"the":[3,54,72,76,81,88,93,97,103,107,112,116,135,139,145],"design":[4],"and":[5,19,31,75,115,125,155,160],"analysis":[6],"of":[7,106,111],"a":[8,39,50,129],"5.5-V":[9,51],"class-D":[10,36,140],"stage":[11,37],"used":[12],"in":[13,28,53],"two":[14],"fully":[15,147],"integrated":[16,148],"watt-level,":[17],"+32.0":[18],"+":[20],"29.7":[21],"dBm,":[22],"outphasing":[23,150],"RF":[24],"power":[25,104,159],"amplifiers":[26],"(PAs)":[27],"standard":[29],"130-":[30],"65-nm":[32],"CMOS":[33,149],"technologies.":[34],"The":[35,62],"utilizes":[38],"cascode":[40,131],"configuration,":[41],"driven":[42],"by":[43,121],"an":[44],"ac-coupled":[45],"low-voltage":[46],"driver,":[47],"to":[48,128],"allow":[49],"supply":[52],"1.2-/2.5-V":[55],"technologies":[56],"without":[57],"excessive":[58],"device":[59],"voltage":[60,82],"stress.":[61],"rms":[63,98],"electric":[64],"fields":[65],"(":[66],"<i":[67,99],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[68,100],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">E</i>":[69,101],")":[70],"across":[71],"gate":[73],"oxides":[74],"optimal":[77,94],"bias":[78,95],"point,":[79,96],"where":[80],"stress":[83],"is":[84],"equally":[85],"divided":[86],"between":[87],"transistors,":[89,114],"are":[90,119,143],"computed.":[91],"At":[92],",":[102],"dissipation":[105],"parasitic":[108],"drain":[109],"capacitance":[110],"common-source":[113],"equivalent":[117],"on-resistances":[118],"reduced":[120],"approximately":[122],"25%,":[123,126],"50%,":[124],"compared":[127],"conventional":[130],"(inverter)":[132],"stage.":[133],"To":[134],"authors'":[136],"best":[137],"knowledge,":[138],"PAs":[141,151],"presented":[142],"among":[144],"first":[146],"reaching":[152],"+30":[153],"dBm":[154],"demonstrate":[156],"state-of-the-art":[157],"output":[158],"bandwidth.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}