{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2014401340","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2012.2213365","title":"A CMOS Burst-Mode Transmitter With Watt-Level RF PA and Flexible Fully Digital Front-End","display_name":"A CMOS Burst-Mode Transmitter With Watt-Level RF PA and Flexible Fully Digital Front-End","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-09-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2014401340","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2012.2213365","mag":"2014401340"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2012.2213365","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2012.2213365","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068786598","display_name":"Pieter A. J. Nuyts","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pieter A. J. Nuyts","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microelectronics and Sensors Division (MICAS), Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), K.U. Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microelectronics and Sensors Division (MICAS), Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), K.U. Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031553612","display_name":"Brecht Fran\u00e7ois","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brecht Francois","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microelectronics and Sensors Division (MICAS), Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), K.U. Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microelectronics and Sensors Division (MICAS), Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), K.U. Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076274517","display_name":"Wim Dehaene","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6792-7965"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wim Dehaene","raw_affiliation_strings":["IMEC vzw, Leuven, Belgium","Microelectronics and Sensors Division (MICAS), Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), K.U. Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IMEC vzw, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microelectronics and Sensors Division (MICAS), Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), K.U. Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001926185","display_name":"Patrick Reynaert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5061-9870"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Reynaert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microelectronics and Sensors Division (MICAS), Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), K.U. Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microelectronics and Sensors Division (MICAS), Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), K.U. Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068786598"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2388,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92210196,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"59","issue":"10","first_page":"613","last_page":"617"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11873","display_name":"PAPR reduction in OFDM","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.821403980255127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.7320764660835266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.6383609771728516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.6236960887908936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-width-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-width modulation","score":0.5682737827301025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/burst-mode","display_name":"Burst mode (computing)","score":0.4900890588760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Amplitude modulation","score":0.48317399621009827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.467454731464386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.45600733160972595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-transmitter-design","display_name":"Radio transmitter design","score":0.4452449679374695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4402018189430237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rf-power-amplifier","display_name":"RF power amplifier","score":0.4302574694156647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.40155649185180664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3662707209587097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-modulation","display_name":"Frequency modulation","score":0.2959575057029724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2834899425506592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.25260186195373535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.1599218249320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.11534589529037476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.08429217338562012}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.821403980255127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.7320764660835266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.6383609771728516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6236960887908936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92746544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q585184","display_name":"Pulse-width modulation","level":3,"score":0.5682737827301025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779760598","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1017053","display_name":"Burst mode (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4900890588760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201905106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183755","display_name":"Amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.48317399621009827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.467454731464386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.45600733160972595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142031617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105437","display_name":"Radio transmitter design","level":4,"score":0.4452449679374695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4402018189430237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196054291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7276624","display_name":"RF power amplifier","level":4,"score":0.4302574694156647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.40155649185180664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3662707209587097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11930861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181417","display_name":"Frequency modulation","level":3,"score":0.2959575057029724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2834899425506592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.25260186195373535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.1599218249320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.11534589529037476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.08429217338562012}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2012.2213365","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2012.2213365","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2024120187","https://openalex.org/W2107176720","https://openalex.org/W2126373813","https://openalex.org/W2131307112","https://openalex.org/W2131736450","https://openalex.org/W2133537268","https://openalex.org/W2142343368","https://openalex.org/W2144620566","https://openalex.org/W2163565462","https://openalex.org/W2316794666","https://openalex.org/W3037774546","https://openalex.org/W6680882738"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1990864066","https://openalex.org/W1551381979","https://openalex.org/W2348969936","https://openalex.org/W2071884137","https://openalex.org/W2030665716","https://openalex.org/W2351016936","https://openalex.org/W1999195298","https://openalex.org/W2045401036","https://openalex.org/W2801509523","https://openalex.org/W2124853531"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"fully":[1],"digital":[2,21],"burst-mode":[3,117],"handheld":[4],"transmitter":[5,16,92,118],"with":[6,104,132],"power":[7,84,107,131,134],"amplifier":[8,81],"for":[9,30,68],"the":[10,31,41,46,49,66,116,120],"900-MHz":[11],"band":[12],"is":[13,37,75,93],"presented.":[14],"The":[15,72,91],"front-end":[17],"consists":[18],"of":[19,110,125],"a":[20,78,101,105],"polar":[22],"modulator":[23],"which":[24,57,82],"uses":[25,83],"pulse":[26],"width":[27],"modulation":[28,35],"(PWM)":[29],"amplitude":[32],"modulator.":[33],"Phase":[34],"(PM)":[36],"implemented":[38,52,94],"by":[39,77],"shifting":[40],"carrier":[42],"in":[43,95],"time.":[44],"Both":[45],"PWM":[47],"and":[48,113],"PM":[50],"are":[51],"using":[53],"asynchronous":[54],"delay":[55],"lines":[56],"allow":[58],"time":[59],"resolutions":[60],"down":[61],"to":[62,86],"10":[63],"ps":[64],"without":[65],"need":[67],"high-frequency":[69],"clock":[70],"signals.":[71],"modulated":[73,102],"signal":[74,103],"amplified":[76],"Class":[79],"B":[80],"combining":[85],"reach":[87],"watt-level":[88],"output":[89,130],"power.":[90],"standard":[96],"CMOS":[97],"technology.":[98],"When":[99],"transmitting":[100],"peak-to-average":[106],"ratio":[108],"(PAPR)":[109],"10.3":[111],"dB":[112],"5-MHz":[114],"bandwidth,":[115],"meets":[119],"stringent":[121],"error-vector-magnitude":[122],"(EVM)":[123],"specifications":[124],"5.6%":[126],"at":[127],"23.1-dBm":[128],"average":[129],"11.7%":[133],"added":[135],"efficiency":[136],"(PAE).":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-18T14:38:29.013473","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
