{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2128724988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2010.2082951","title":"An Autofocus Sensor With Global Shutter Using Offset-Free Frame Memory","display_name":"An Autofocus Sensor With Global Shutter Using Offset-Free Frame Memory","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2128724988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2010.2082951","mag":"2128724988"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2010.2082951","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2010.2082951","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100889408","display_name":"Bongsub Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088294","display_name":"Songwon University","ror":"https://ror.org/007mhqn04","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088294"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148751991","display_name":"Sogang University","ror":"https://ror.org/056tn4839","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bongsub Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Songang University, Seoul, South Korea","Dept. of Electron. Eng., Sogang Univ., Seoul, South Korea#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Songang University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. Eng., Sogang Univ., Seoul, South Korea#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087623505","display_name":"Nayeon Cho","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088294","display_name":"Songwon University","ror":"https://ror.org/007mhqn04","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088294"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148751991","display_name":"Sogang University","ror":"https://ror.org/056tn4839","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nayeon Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Songang University, Seoul, South Korea","Dept. of Electron. Eng., Sogang Univ., Seoul, South Korea#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Songang University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. Eng., Sogang Univ., Seoul, South Korea#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101447885","display_name":"Byunghoon Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4377-2292"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Byunghoon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Electro Mechanics Company Limited, Suwon, South Korea","Samsung Electro-Mech. Co. Ltd., Suwon, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Electro Mechanics Company Limited, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Electro-Mech. Co. Ltd., Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050111717","display_name":"Jung-Han Choi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jung-Han Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Electronics Company Limited, Suwon, South Korea","Samsung Electron. Co., Ltd, Suwon, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Electronics Company Limited, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Electron. Co., Ltd, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062494610","display_name":"Younglok Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3586-1065"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148751991","display_name":"Sogang University","ror":"https://ror.org/056tn4839","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088294","display_name":"Songwon University","ror":"https://ror.org/007mhqn04","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088294"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Young-Lok Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Songang University, Seoul, South Korea","Dept. of Electron. Eng., Sogang Univ., Seoul, South Korea#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Songang University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. Eng., Sogang Univ., Seoul, South Korea#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065103824","display_name":"Jinwook Burm","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9594-771X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148751991","display_name":"Sogang University","ror":"https://ror.org/056tn4839","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088294","display_name":"Songwon University","ror":"https://ror.org/007mhqn04","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088294"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinwook Burm","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Songang University, Seoul, South Korea","Dept. of Electron. Eng., Sogang Univ., Seoul, South Korea#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Songang University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. Eng., Sogang Univ., Seoul, South Korea#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100889408"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991","https://openalex.org/I4210088294"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16079044,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":"11","first_page":"878","last_page":"882"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correlated-double-sampling","display_name":"Correlated double sampling","score":0.6926535367965698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.6676566004753113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5528261661529541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5294705629348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autofocus","display_name":"Autofocus","score":0.5141746997833252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shutter","display_name":"Shutter","score":0.4890304505825043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-sensor","display_name":"Image sensor","score":0.48506680130958557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.47862520813941956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.4486895203590393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.4333893656730652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programmable-gain-amplifier","display_name":"Programmable-gain amplifier","score":0.41708436608314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos-sensor","display_name":"CMOS sensor","score":0.4157436490058899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.39664819836616516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.28686583042144775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.25744226574897766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.2094654142856598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.19081735610961914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1839890480041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11170104146003723}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118277053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172837","display_name":"Correlated double sampling","level":4,"score":0.6926535367965698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6676566004753113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5528261661529541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5294705629348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103764139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210008","display_name":"Autofocus","level":3,"score":0.5141746997833252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776871301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691823","display_name":"Shutter","level":2,"score":0.4890304505825043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76935873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209121","display_name":"Image sensor","level":2,"score":0.48506680130958557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47862520813941956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.4486895203590393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.4333893656730652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781023662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2112149","display_name":"Programmable-gain amplifier","level":4,"score":0.41708436608314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210745","display_name":"CMOS sensor","level":3,"score":0.4157436490058899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.39664819836616516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.28686583042144775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.25744226574897766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2094654142856598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.19081735610961914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1839890480041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11170104146003723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2010.2082951","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2010.2082951","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1517606245","https://openalex.org/W1566916904","https://openalex.org/W1607845494","https://openalex.org/W2108083714","https://openalex.org/W2119546507","https://openalex.org/W2120509366","https://openalex.org/W2159301373","https://openalex.org/W2283520559","https://openalex.org/W2542605403","https://openalex.org/W6678301066"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2156731538","https://openalex.org/W2139451537","https://openalex.org/W2043303332","https://openalex.org/W1937830528","https://openalex.org/W2075006262","https://openalex.org/W1968770396","https://openalex.org/W2886577668","https://openalex.org/W1530906264","https://openalex.org/W2383335232","https://openalex.org/W1965980235"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0,84],"autofocus":[1],"(AF)":[2],"sensor":[3,16,87,117,151],"with":[4,80,128],"global":[5,58],"shutters":[6],"using":[7,63],"offset-free":[8,64,72,89],"frame":[9,65,73,90],"memory":[10],"is":[11,31,135,152],"presented.":[12],"A":[13],"cross-shaped":[14],"AF":[15,30,150],"array":[17],"has":[18],"left":[19,49],"and":[20,24,26,50,54,101],"right":[21,51],"horizontal":[22],"arrays":[23],"top":[25,53],"bottom":[27],"vertical":[28],"arrays.":[29,56],"achieved":[32],"by":[33,62],"calculating":[34],"the":[35,39,43,48,109,113,149],"phase":[36],"difference":[37,46],"from":[38],"digital":[40,102],"code":[41],"of":[42,76,148],"light":[44],"illumination":[45],"between":[47],"(or":[52],"bottom)":[55],"The":[57,70,144],"shutter":[59],"was":[60],"implemented":[61],"memories":[66,74],"for":[67],"accuracy":[68],"enhancement.":[69],"proposed":[71],"consist":[75],"flip-around":[77],"sample-and-hold":[78],"amplifiers":[79],"correlated":[81],"double":[82],"sampling.":[83],"active":[85,132],"pixel":[86,133],"array,":[88],"memories,":[91],"a":[92,96],"programmable":[93],"gain":[94],"amplifier,":[95],"10-bit":[97],"pipelined":[98],"analog-to-digital":[99],"converter,":[100],"control":[103],"circuits":[104],"are":[105],"fully":[106],"integrated":[107],"on":[108,112],"chip":[110],"fabricated":[111],"0.18-\u03bcm":[114],"CMOS":[115],"image":[116],"technology.":[118],"It":[119],"occupies":[120],"7":[121],"\u00d7":[122,137],"8":[123],"mm":[124],"<sup":[125,140],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[126,141],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[127,142],"bonding":[129],"pads.":[130],"Each":[131],"size":[134],"15":[136],"100":[138],"\u03bcm":[139],".":[143],"total":[145],"power":[146],"consumption":[147],"660":[153],"mW":[154],"at":[155],"3.3-V":[156],"supply":[157],"voltage.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
