{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2160829086","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2010.2042131","title":"Why Dynamic-Element-Matching DACs Work","display_name":"Why Dynamic-Element-Matching DACs Work","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2160829086","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2010.2042131","mag":"2160829086"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2010.2042131","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2010.2042131","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061267008","display_name":"Ian Galton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9145-0055"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ian Galton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061267008"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8265,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":98,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90421899,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":"2","first_page":"69","last_page":"74"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12564","display_name":"Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.7617459297180176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scrambling","display_name":"Scrambling","score":0.6939626932144165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5993161201477051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.5744765996932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/element","display_name":"Element (criminal law)","score":0.5432083010673523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.5420199036598206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5009803771972656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4779244065284729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jump","display_name":"Jump","score":0.43698474764823914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integral-nonlinearity","display_name":"Integral nonlinearity","score":0.43542343378067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-range","display_name":"Dynamic range","score":0.4288616478443146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.426031231880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3937159776687622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20043280720710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15502074360847473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1502227783203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.1421375572681427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11750909686088562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.11215606331825256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09841388463973999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.07385864853858948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.06954306364059448}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.7617459297180176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182548165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2261483","display_name":"Scrambling","level":2,"score":0.6939626932144165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5993161201477051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5744765996932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200288055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2621792","display_name":"Element (criminal law)","level":2,"score":0.5432083010673523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.5420199036598206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5009803771972656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4779244065284729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780695682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4005959","display_name":"Jump","level":2,"score":0.43698474764823914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130829357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665386","display_name":"Integral nonlinearity","level":4,"score":0.43542343378067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87133666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161699","display_name":"Dynamic range","level":2,"score":0.4288616478443146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.426031231880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3937159776687622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20043280720710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15502074360847473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1502227783203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.1421375572681427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11750909686088562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11215606331825256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09841388463973999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.07385864853858948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.06954306364059448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2010.2042131","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2010.2042131","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.309.7003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.309.7003","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://petrified.ucsd.edu/~ispg-adm/pubs/j_tcasii_2_2010.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.644.2188","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.644.2188","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://petrified.ucsd.edu/~ispg-adm/pubs/Why_DEM_DACs_Work.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W42592211","https://openalex.org/W605564925","https://openalex.org/W1507783347","https://openalex.org/W1509148781","https://openalex.org/W1511713390","https://openalex.org/W1516489317","https://openalex.org/W1556689697","https://openalex.org/W1574724664","https://openalex.org/W1861748825","https://openalex.org/W1909142874","https://openalex.org/W2012846466","https://openalex.org/W2013743883","https://openalex.org/W2027800196","https://openalex.org/W2035705158","https://openalex.org/W2100427892","https://openalex.org/W2100818679","https://openalex.org/W2110486325","https://openalex.org/W2113662531","https://openalex.org/W2124753231","https://openalex.org/W2124958527","https://openalex.org/W2126846547","https://openalex.org/W2142367698","https://openalex.org/W2153299118","https://openalex.org/W2157049251","https://openalex.org/W2157722460","https://openalex.org/W2158125117","https://openalex.org/W2160579191","https://openalex.org/W2165630788","https://openalex.org/W2169349592","https://openalex.org/W2227295702","https://openalex.org/W2543358450","https://openalex.org/W2988205170","https://openalex.org/W4301627548","https://openalex.org/W6659241337"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3144720315","https://openalex.org/W2584698272","https://openalex.org/W2117274934","https://openalex.org/W2016292766","https://openalex.org/W2133603723","https://openalex.org/W2098920926","https://openalex.org/W1515901614","https://openalex.org/W2790666456","https://openalex.org/W1963783775","https://openalex.org/W1511701123"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"jump-start":[1],"tutorial":[2],"brief":[3],"explains":[4,22],"the":[5,11,23,47,53,62],"principle":[6],"that":[7],"underlies":[8],"all":[9],"of":[10,26,42,52,64,79],"published":[12],"mismatch-scrambling":[13],"and":[14,85],"mismatch-shaping":[15],"dynamic-element-matching":[16],"(DEM)":[17],"digital-to-analog":[18],"converters":[19],"(DACs).":[20],"It":[21],"apparent":[24],"paradox":[25],"how":[27],"an":[28,76],"all-digital":[29],"algorithm":[30,48],"can":[31],"cause":[32],"analog":[33],"component":[34],"mismatches":[35],"to":[36,75,81,86],"introduce":[37],"spectrally":[38],"shaped":[39],"noise":[40],"instead":[41],"nonlinear":[43],"distortion,":[44],"even":[45],"though":[46],"has":[49],"no":[50],"knowledge":[51],"actual":[54],"mismatches.":[55],"The":[56,70],"concept":[57],"is":[58],"first":[59],"explained":[60],"in":[61],"context":[63],"a":[65],"discrete-time":[66],"three-level":[67],"DEM":[68,83,88],"DAC.":[69],"results":[71],"are":[72],"then":[73],"generalized":[74],"arbitrary":[77],"number":[78],"levels,":[80],"segmented":[82],"DACs,":[84],"continuous-time":[87],"DACs.":[89]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}