{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2098324762","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2008.2008524","title":"A 1.2-MHz 10-bit Continuous-Time Sigma\u2013Delta ADC Using a Time Encoding Quantizer","display_name":"A 1.2-MHz 10-bit Continuous-Time Sigma\u2013Delta ADC Using a Time Encoding Quantizer","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2098324762","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2008.2008524","mag":"2098324762"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2008.2008524","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2008.2008524","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100614402","display_name":"Luis Hern\u00e1ndez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0433-2032"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88060688","display_name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03n6nwv02","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luis Hernandez Corporales","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electron. Technol., Carlos III Univ., Leganes","Department of Electronics Technology, Carlos III Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. Technol., Carlos III Univ., Leganes","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics Technology, Carlos III Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001","https://openalex.org/I88060688"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042719645","display_name":"Enrique Prefasi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0338-9624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88060688","display_name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03n6nwv02","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enrique Prefasi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electron. Technol., Carlos III Univ., Leganes","Department of Electronics Technology, Carlos III Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. Technol., Carlos III Univ., Leganes","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics Technology, Carlos III Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001","https://openalex.org/I88060688"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031961149","display_name":"Ernesto Pun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88060688","display_name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03n6nwv02","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ernesto Pun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electron. Technol., Carlos III Univ., Leganes","Department of Electronics Technology, Carlos III Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. Technol., Carlos III Univ., Leganes","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics Technology, Carlos III Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001","https://openalex.org/I88060688"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082932006","display_name":"Susana Pat\u00f3n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0911-2642"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88060688","display_name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03n6nwv02","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susana Paton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electron. Technol., Carlos III Univ., Leganes","Department of Electronics Technology, Carlos III Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. Technol., Carlos III Univ., Leganes","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics Technology, Carlos III Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001","https://openalex.org/I88060688"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100614402"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001","https://openalex.org/I88060688"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7787,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84590975,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"1","first_page":"16","last_page":"20"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delta-sigma-modulation","display_name":"Delta-sigma modulation","score":0.8586918711662292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5249402523040771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5229935646057129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5114477872848511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.4982442855834961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.49428558349609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.4906574785709381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-shaping","display_name":"Noise shaping","score":0.44993191957473755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.4415128529071808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delta-modulation","display_name":"Delta modulation","score":0.43933480978012085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-to-analog-converter","display_name":"Digital-to-analog converter","score":0.4145442247390747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.26389771699905396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.20954278111457825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-amplitude modulation","score":0.19033131003379822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17372992634773254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1479741632938385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.1461997926235199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11547502875328064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse","display_name":"Pulse (music)","score":0.10016894340515137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.09937125444412231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08846455812454224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.07410147786140442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.0710110068321228}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68754193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184820","display_name":"Delta-sigma modulation","level":3,"score":0.8586918711662292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5249402523040771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5229935646057129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5114477872848511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.4982442855834961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.49428558349609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.4906574785709381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9083635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2133535","display_name":"Noise shaping","level":2,"score":0.44993191957473755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.4415128529071808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110558960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163461","display_name":"Delta modulation","level":5,"score":0.43933480978012085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779879419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210863","display_name":"Digital-to-analog converter","level":3,"score":0.4145442247390747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.26389771699905396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.20954278111457825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20518276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186130","display_name":"Pulse-amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.19033131003379822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17372992634773254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1479741632938385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.1461997926235199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11547502875328064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780167933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1550652","display_name":"Pulse (music)","level":3,"score":0.10016894340515137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.09937125444412231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08846455812454224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.07410147786140442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0710110068321228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2008.2008524","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2008.2008524","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1579034116","https://openalex.org/W2086737717","https://openalex.org/W2098427444","https://openalex.org/W2104979944","https://openalex.org/W2111285148","https://openalex.org/W2125218802","https://openalex.org/W2126405214","https://openalex.org/W2146191746","https://openalex.org/W2153293882","https://openalex.org/W2164552385","https://openalex.org/W2471176268","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1517311599","https://openalex.org/W2170102475","https://openalex.org/W1584463995","https://openalex.org/W1560257987","https://openalex.org/W1492189734","https://openalex.org/W2115832005","https://openalex.org/W2548491887","https://openalex.org/W1521438147","https://openalex.org/W2157825427","https://openalex.org/W2805408360"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,57],"paper":[1],"shows":[2],"the":[3,40,65,71],"operating":[4],"principle":[5],"and":[6,70],"experimental":[7],"results":[8],"of":[9,83,89],"a":[10,22,26,32,45,49,86,93],"new":[11],"continuous-time":[12],"sigma-delta":[13],"modulator":[14,18],"architecture.":[15],"The":[16],"proposed":[17],"does":[19],"not":[20],"require":[21],"multibit":[23,33],"quantizer":[24,38],"nor":[25],"mismatch-shaping":[27],"digital-to-analog":[28],"converter":[29],"to":[30,54,62],"produce":[31],"noise-shaped":[34],"output.":[35,73],"Instead,":[36],"its":[37],"encodes":[39],"loop":[41,68],"filter":[42],"output":[43],"in":[44,77],"binary":[46,58],"signal":[47,59,69,87],"using":[48,92],"time":[50],"encoding":[51],"technique":[52],"similar":[53],"pulsewidth":[55],"modulation.":[56],"is":[60],"used":[61],"generate":[63],"both":[64],"analog":[66],"feedback":[67],"digital":[72],"A":[74],"proof-of-concept":[75],"chip":[76],"0.35-mum":[78],"CMOS":[79],"achieves":[80],"10":[81],"bits":[82],"resolution":[84],"within":[85],"bandwidth":[88],"1.2":[90],"MHz":[91],"first-order":[94],"modulator.":[95]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}