{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7159977367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2026.3685722","title":"A PVT-Resilient Subthreshold SRAM-Based In-Memory Computing Accelerator With In-Situ Regulation for Energy-Efficient Spiking Neural Networks","display_name":"A PVT-Resilient Subthreshold SRAM-Based In-Memory Computing Accelerator With In-Situ Regulation for Energy-Efficient Spiking Neural Networks","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7159977367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2026.3685722"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2026.3685722","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2026.3685722","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2605.00319","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135074196","display_name":"Shih-Hang Kao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shih-Hang Kao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135095922","display_name":"Yang-Chan Hung","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang-Chan Hung","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077245400","display_name":"I Jen Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I-Wen Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135089683","display_name":"Bing-Han Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bing-Han Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101508336","display_name":"Yuehua Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-4017"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Chia Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3546-4884","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135074741","display_name":"Tian-Sheuan Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-8745"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tian-Sheuan Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-8745","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135072272","display_name":"Shyh-Jye Jou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8821-3486"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shyh-Jye Jou","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8821-3486","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135068696","display_name":"Chien-Nan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4907-898X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chien-Nan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4907-898X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135074305","display_name":"Hung-Ming Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hung-Ming Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102970737","display_name":"Wei-Zen Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei-Zen Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2840-0754","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.36345466,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"8","first_page":"5280","last_page":"5290"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9718999862670898,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9718999862670898,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.007000000216066837,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":0.003599999938160181,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiking-neural-network","display_name":"Spiking neural network","score":0.6521000266075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subthreshold-conduction","display_name":"Subthreshold conduction","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5493000149726868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-neural-network","display_name":"Cellular neural network","score":0.35670000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/very-large-scale-integration","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","score":0.3521000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.2985999882221222}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.722599983215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11731999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9067355","display_name":"Spiking neural network","level":3,"score":0.6521000266075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156465305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1658601","display_name":"Subthreshold conduction","level":4,"score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5493000149726868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.44279998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C812465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5058375","display_name":"Cellular neural network","level":3,"score":0.35670000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14580979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876049","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","level":2,"score":0.3521000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30809998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.2985999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.2971000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530198007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80831","display_name":"Integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.2928999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190560348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3245116","display_name":"Circuit design","level":2,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32946077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618079","display_name":"Network analysis","level":2,"score":0.25760000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81299745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334269","display_name":"Transfer function","level":2,"score":0.2533999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33766855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7189618","display_name":"Physical neural network","level":5,"score":0.2529999911785126}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2026.3685722","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2026.3685722","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2605.00319","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.00319","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2605.00319","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2605.00319","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.00319","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2605.00319","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8597129583358765}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","display_name":"National Science and Technology Council","ror":"https://ror.org/00wnb9798"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7159977367.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7159977367.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,54,70,124],"PVT-resilient,":[4],"subthreshold":[5,40],"SRAM-based":[6],"computing-in-memory":[7],"(CIM)":[8],"macro":[9,18],"tailored":[10],"for":[11,129],"energy-efficient":[12],"spiking":[13],"neural":[14],"networks":[15],"(SNNs).":[16],"The":[17,50,67],"integrates":[19],"in-situ":[20],"current":[21],"sensors":[22],"and":[23,35,46,99,119,126],"distributed":[24],"voltage":[25],"regulators":[26],"to":[27,60,74,116],"enable":[28],"robust":[29],"large-scale":[30],"(1024":[31],"wordlines,":[32],"1304":[33],"bitlines":[34],"128":[36],"shared":[37],"neuron":[38,51,62],"cells)":[39],"current-mode":[41],"CIM,":[42],"mitigating":[43],"energy":[44,97],"overheads":[45],"process-voltage-temperature":[47],"(PVT)":[48],"sensitivity.":[49],"cells":[52],"adopt":[53],"programmable,":[55],"memory":[56],"cell-based":[57],"firing":[58],"threshold":[59],"enhance":[61],"robustness":[63],"against":[64],"PVT":[65],"variations.":[66],"architecture":[68],"uses":[69],"stride-tick":[71],"batching":[72],"schedule":[73],"significantly":[75],"reduce":[76],"buffer":[77],"overhead":[78],"with":[79],"enhanced":[80],"input":[81],"data":[82],"reuse.":[83],"Exploiting":[84],"the":[85,90,106],"high":[86],"sparsity":[87],"of":[88],"SNNs,":[89],"proposed":[91],"system":[92],"demonstrates":[93],"significant":[94],"improvements":[95],"in":[96,103],"efficiency":[98],"variation":[100],"tolerance.":[101],"Fabricated":[102],"28-nm":[104],"CMOS,":[105],"prototype":[107],"attains":[108],"93.64\\%":[109],"accuracy":[110],"on":[111],"keyword":[112],"spotting,":[113],"delivers":[114],"up":[115],"1181.42":[117],"TOPS/W,":[118],"achieves":[120],"7.24":[121],"TOPS/mm^2,":[122],"demonstrating":[123],"viable":[125],"efficient":[127],"solution":[128],"high-performance":[130],"edge":[131],"SNN":[132],"processing.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-13T07:04:57.449891","created_date":"2026-05-04T00:00:00"}
