{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412747664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2025.3592350","title":"Bistable PT-Symmetric WPT Systems With Laterally Arranged Relays and Coupling Detuning","display_name":"Bistable PT-Symmetric WPT Systems With Laterally Arranged Relays and Coupling Detuning","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412747664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2025.3592350"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2025.3592350","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2025.3592350","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070436617","display_name":"Chen Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2264-4299"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146620803","display_name":"Wenzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hxh324","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chen Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Sensing and IoT of Wenzhou, Wenzhou Institute, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Wenzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2264-4299","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Sensing and IoT of Wenzhou, Wenzhou Institute, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Wenzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100415302","display_name":"Lei Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7644-1596"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146620803","display_name":"Wenzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hxh324","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Sensing and IoT of Wenzhou, Wenzhou Institute, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Wenzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Sensing and IoT of Wenzhou, Wenzhou Institute, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Wenzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081235292","display_name":"Pengde Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7315-4746"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146620803","display_name":"Wenzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hxh324","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengde Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Sensing and IoT of Wenzhou, Wenzhou Institute, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Wenzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7315-4746","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Sensing and IoT of Wenzhou, Wenzhou Institute, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Wenzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114929531","display_name":"Gaofeng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8599-7249"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146620803","display_name":"Wenzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hxh324","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaofeng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Sensing and IoT of Wenzhou, Wenzhou Institute, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Wenzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8599-7249","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Sensing and IoT of Wenzhou, Wenzhou Institute, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Wenzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060562035","display_name":"Yuhua Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1945-2843"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146620803","display_name":"Wenzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hxh324","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhua Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Sensing and IoT of Wenzhou, Wenzhou Institute, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Wenzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1945-2843","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Sensing and IoT of Wenzhou, Wenzhou Institute, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Wenzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070436617"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12938977,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"3","first_page":"2029","last_page":"2039"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11262","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Non-Hermitian Physics","score":0.9672999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11262","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Non-Hermitian Physics","score":0.9672999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bistability","display_name":"Bistability","score":0.8576891422271729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coupling","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","score":0.5624706149101257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.5564706325531006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitance","display_name":"Capacitance","score":0.4176782965660095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.33300459384918213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3028393089771271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.28123998641967773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.2271127700805664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode","display_name":"Electrode","score":0.10486558079719543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.08496245741844177}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97292510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2304620","display_name":"Bistability","level":2,"score":0.8576891422271729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131584629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4308705","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","level":2,"score":0.5624706149101257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5564706325531006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30066665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q164399","display_name":"Capacitance","level":3,"score":0.4176782965660095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.33300459384918213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3028393089771271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.28123998641967773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.2271127700805664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.10486558079719543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.08496245741844177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2025.3592350","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2025.3592350","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5400000214576721}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1022096228","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62141409","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1352891731","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61771175","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G191720954","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"LZ20F010005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2935759653","https://openalex.org/W3105167352","https://openalex.org/W54078636","https://openalex.org/W2954470139","https://openalex.org/W1501425562","https://openalex.org/W2902782467","https://openalex.org/W3084825885","https://openalex.org/W4391124043"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"implementation":[1],"of":[2,61,70,184,196],"parity-time":[3],"(PT)":[4],"symmetry":[5,28,150,194],"in":[6,54,133,141],"wireless":[7],"power":[8,14,119],"transfer":[9,15,120],"(WPT)":[10],"systems":[11,23],"successfully":[12],"prevents":[13],"degradation":[16],"by":[17],"adaptively":[18],"tracking":[19],"the":[20,31,35,43,62,68,75,84,87,98,102,106,114,118,129,134,142,163,178,182,191],"eigenfrequencies.":[21],"For":[22],"with":[24],"relays,":[25],"exact":[26,107,148,192],"PT":[27,149,193],"requires":[29],"that":[30,111],"coupling":[32,71,197],"coefficients":[33],"between":[34,42],"transmitter":[36],"(Tx)":[37],"and":[38,46,78,165],"relay(s)":[39],"equal":[40],"those":[41],"receiver":[44],"(Rx)":[45],"relay(s).":[47],"However,":[48],"this":[49,65],"condition":[50,69],"is":[51,90,170],"generally":[52],"unsatisfied":[53],"practical":[55],"application":[56],"scenarios":[57],"involving":[58],"positional":[59],"uncertainties":[60],"Rx.":[63],"In":[64,83],"paper,":[66],"under":[67,146],"detuning,":[72],"we":[73,152],"analyze":[74],"system\u2019s":[76],"behaviors":[77],"uncover":[79],"its":[80],"bistability":[81],"characteristics.":[82],"bistable":[85],"region,":[86],"over-detuning":[88,135],"mode":[89,104],"found":[91],"to":[92,116,127,131],"have":[93],"a":[94,125,154,158],"higher":[95],"amplitude":[96],"on":[97,157],"load":[99],"than":[100],"either":[101],"under-detuning":[103,143],"or":[105],"PT-symmetric":[108,185],"mode,":[109,136],"indicating":[110],"it":[112,138],"has":[113],"potential":[115],"improve":[117],"efficiency.":[121],"We":[122],"also":[123],"develop":[124],"method":[126],"switch":[128],"system":[130],"operate":[132],"if":[137],"initially":[139],"operates":[140],"mode.":[144],"Additionally,":[145],"an":[147],"condition,":[151],"give":[153],"different":[155,171],"perspective":[156],"hybrid":[159],"region":[160],"where":[161],"both":[162],"PT-symmetry":[164],"PT-broken":[166],"modes":[167],"coexist,":[168],"which":[169],"from":[172],"previous":[173],"works.":[174],"Our":[175],"work":[176],"paves":[177],"way":[179],"for":[180],"extending":[181],"applications":[183],"WPT":[186],"systems,":[187],"even":[188],"without":[189],"satisfying":[190],"conditions":[195],"coefficients.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-02-27T06:17:20.405678","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}