{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407574664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2025.3538493","title":"An 89.5 dB SNDR 500 kHz BW Largely Passive Fourth-Order Noise-Coupled Delta-Sigma Modulator","display_name":"An 89.5 dB SNDR 500 kHz BW Largely Passive Fourth-Order Noise-Coupled Delta-Sigma Modulator","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407574664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2025.3538493"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2025.3538493","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2025.3538493","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100713367","display_name":"Hanyu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7584-6815"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131249849","display_name":"Oregon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ysfqy60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hanyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7584-6815","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107546200","display_name":"Faraz Adin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131249849","display_name":"Oregon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ysfqy60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faraz Adin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6948-1647","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005450048","display_name":"Un-Ku Moon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1948-057X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131249849","display_name":"Oregon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ysfqy60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Un-Ku Moon","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1948-057X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045933551","display_name":"G\u00e1bor C. Temes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0617-4875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131249849","display_name":"Oregon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ysfqy60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabor C. Temes","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0617-4875","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100713367"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.804,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82661011,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"8","first_page":"3744","last_page":"3752"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.987500011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11449","display_name":"Mechanical and Optical Resonators","score":0.9739000201225281,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delta-sigma-modulation","display_name":"Delta-sigma modulation","score":0.8231102228164673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-shaping","display_name":"Noise shaping","score":0.5468322038650513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5206900835037231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.517029345035553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4581138491630554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sigma","display_name":"Sigma","score":0.4433455169200897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4283800721168518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delta-modulation","display_name":"Delta modulation","score":0.4144743084907532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.32880088686943054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.29787689447402954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2778448462486267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.14246439933776855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.10735592246055603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-amplitude modulation","score":0.09550464153289795}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68754193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184820","display_name":"Delta-sigma modulation","level":3,"score":0.8231102228164673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9083635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2133535","display_name":"Noise shaping","level":2,"score":0.5468322038650513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5206900835037231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.517029345035553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4581138491630554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778049214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512234","display_name":"Sigma","level":2,"score":0.4433455169200897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4283800721168518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110558960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163461","display_name":"Delta modulation","level":5,"score":0.4144743084907532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.32880088686943054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.29787689447402954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2778448462486267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.14246439933776855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.10735592246055603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20518276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186130","display_name":"Pulse-amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.09550464153289795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780167933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1550652","display_name":"Pulse (music)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2025.3538493","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2025.3538493","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W605564925","https://openalex.org/W1523390547","https://openalex.org/W2105551738","https://openalex.org/W2115724565","https://openalex.org/W2118169469","https://openalex.org/W2138536318","https://openalex.org/W2166948256","https://openalex.org/W2513879943","https://openalex.org/W2803916163","https://openalex.org/W2921302017","https://openalex.org/W2981076955","https://openalex.org/W4200068193","https://openalex.org/W4226354872","https://openalex.org/W4312580016","https://openalex.org/W4376130894","https://openalex.org/W4385192433","https://openalex.org/W4385192451","https://openalex.org/W4396918653","https://openalex.org/W4401880367","https://openalex.org/W4401880413","https://openalex.org/W4402727379"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1517311599","https://openalex.org/W2170102475","https://openalex.org/W1584463995","https://openalex.org/W2115832005","https://openalex.org/W2548491887","https://openalex.org/W2182773004","https://openalex.org/W1492189734","https://openalex.org/W2119141381","https://openalex.org/W2421111280","https://openalex.org/W2160880546"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multi-Stage":[0],"Noise":[1],"Shaping":[2],"(MASH)":[3],"structures":[4],"have":[5],"traditionally":[6,128],"supported":[7],"high-resolution":[8],"analog-to-digital":[9],"converters":[10],"(ADCs)":[11],"by":[12,95],"avoiding":[13],"instability":[14],"in":[15,30,38,138],"high-order":[16],"single":[17],"loops.":[18],"While":[19],"Sturdy":[20],"MASH":[21],"(SMASH)":[22],"reduces":[23],"the":[24,68,89],"need":[25],"for":[26,142],"precise":[27],"analog/digital":[28],"matching":[29],"MASH,":[31],"it":[32],"reintroduces":[33],"stability":[34],"concerns":[35],"and":[36,61,78,145,152],"distortion":[37,80],"integrators":[39,120],"due":[40],"to":[41,66,104],"larger":[42],"signal":[43,74],"swings.":[44],"This":[45],"brief":[46],"presents":[47],"a":[48,72,82,96,105,117,130,159,164,186],"modified":[49],"SMASH":[50],"design":[51,70],"with":[52,121,168],"an":[53,148],"efficient":[54],"architecture":[55],"that":[56,127],"includes":[57],"one":[58],"active":[59,91],"integrator":[60,92],"three":[62],"passive":[63,97,107],"ones.":[64],"Compared":[65],"SMASH,":[67],"proposed":[69],"achieves":[71],"flatter":[73],"transfer":[75],"function":[76],"(STF)":[77],"lower":[79],"across":[81],"wide":[83],"band.":[84],"The":[85,111,171],"quantization":[86],"noise":[87],"from":[88],"first":[90],"is":[93,176],"filtered":[94],"switched-capacitor":[98],"filter":[99],"(SCF)":[100],"before":[101],"being":[102],"fed":[103],"second-order":[106],"noise-shaping":[108],"(NS)":[109],"quantizer.":[110],"structure":[112],"can":[113],"be":[114],"transformed":[115],"into":[116],"cascade":[118],"of":[119,189],"feedforward":[122],"(CIFF)":[123],"delta-sigma":[124],"modulator":[125,173],"(DSM)":[126],"requires":[129],"high-gain":[131],"block.":[132],"A":[133],"fourth-order":[134],"DSM":[135],"was":[136],"designed":[137],"65":[139],"nm":[140],"technology":[141],"performance":[143],"validation":[144],"comparison,":[146],"demonstrating":[147],"89.5":[149],"dB":[150,154],"SNDR":[151],"92.8":[153],"dynamic":[155],"range":[156],"(DR)":[157],"within":[158],"500":[160],"kHz":[161],"bandwidth":[162],"using":[163],"25":[165],"MHz":[166],"clock":[167],"OSR":[169],"=25.":[170],"simulated":[172],"power":[174],"consumption":[175],"<inline-formula":[177],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[178],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[179],"<tex-math":[180],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$290~\\mu":[181],"$":[182],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[183],"W,":[184],"yielding":[185],"Schreier":[187],"FOM":[188],"181.9":[190],"dB.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}