{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389317959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2023.3336468","title":"ACNPU: A 4.75TOPS/W 1080P@30FPS Super Resolution Accelerator With Decoupled Asymmetric Convolution","display_name":"ACNPU: A 4.75TOPS/W 1080P@30FPS Super Resolution Accelerator With Decoupled Asymmetric Convolution","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389317959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2023.3336468"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2023.3336468","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2023.3336468","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113062618","display_name":"Tun-Hao Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tun-Hao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067793643","display_name":"Tian\u2010Sheuan Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-8745"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tian-Sheuan Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-8745","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3191,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58406127,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"2","first_page":"670","last_page":"679"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11183","display_name":"Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11484","display_name":"Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.5887863636016846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.5081326961517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrophysics","display_name":"Astrophysics","score":0.3858826160430908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.20019784569740295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.061922550201416016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.5887863636016846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5081326961517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.3858826160430908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.20019784569740295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.061922550201416016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2023.3336468","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2023.3336468","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7799999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4164518460","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"111-2622-8-A49-018-SB","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7862173357","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"110-2218-E-A49-015-MBK","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8250714924","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"110-2221-E-A49-148-MY3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","display_name":"National Science and Technology Council","ror":"https://ror.org/00wnb9798"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1885185971","https://openalex.org/W1930824406","https://openalex.org/W2047920195","https://openalex.org/W2121058967","https://openalex.org/W2121927366","https://openalex.org/W2503339013","https://openalex.org/W2607041014","https://openalex.org/W2798838583","https://openalex.org/W2866634454","https://openalex.org/W2886623847","https://openalex.org/W2979590285","https://openalex.org/W2981609437","https://openalex.org/W3019314437","https://openalex.org/W3034247386","https://openalex.org/W3047237654","https://openalex.org/W3089607330","https://openalex.org/W3094627520","https://openalex.org/W3158187990","https://openalex.org/W3158724220","https://openalex.org/W3177328703","https://openalex.org/W4249932213","https://openalex.org/W4312315380","https://openalex.org/W4312322989","https://openalex.org/W4360770802"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2935759653","https://openalex.org/W3105167352","https://openalex.org/W54078636","https://openalex.org/W2954470139","https://openalex.org/W1501425562","https://openalex.org/W2902782467","https://openalex.org/W3084825885","https://openalex.org/W2298861036","https://openalex.org/W1997152486","https://openalex.org/W4321479465"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"learning-driven":[1],"superresolution":[2],"(SR)":[3],"outperforms":[4],"traditional":[5],"techniques":[6],"but":[7,65],"also":[8],"faces":[9],"the":[10,79,116,153],"challenge":[11,19],"of":[12,95,104],"high":[13],"complexity":[14,69],"and":[15,27,83,120,130,146,163,172,183],"memory":[16,110],"bandwidth.":[17],"This":[18,42],"leads":[20],"many":[21],"accelerators":[22],"to":[23,50,99,123,132,134],"opt":[24],"for":[25,34,38,175],"simpler":[26],"shallow":[28],"models":[29],"like":[30],"FSRCNN,":[31,71],"compromising":[32],"performance":[33],"real-time":[35],"needs,":[36],"especially":[37],"resource-limited":[39],"edge":[40],"devices.":[41],"paper":[43],"proposes":[44],"an":[45],"energy-efficient":[46],"SR":[47],"accelerator,":[48],"ACNPU,":[49],"tackle":[51],"this":[52],"challenge.":[53],"The":[54,86,108,150,167],"ACNPU":[55,168],"enhances":[56],"image":[57],"quality":[58],"by":[59,138],"0.34dB":[60],"with":[61,78,115,143],"a":[62,74],"27-layer":[63],"model,":[64],"needs":[66],"36%":[67],"less":[68],"than":[70],"while":[72],"maintaining":[73],"similar":[75],"model":[76,89,92],"size,":[77],"decoupled":[80],"asymmetric":[81],"convolution":[82],"split-bypass":[84],"structure.":[85],"hardware-friendly":[87],"17K-parameter":[88],"enables":[90],"holistic":[91],"fusion":[93,98],"instead":[94],"localized":[96],"layer":[97],"remove":[100],"external":[101],"DRAM":[102],"access":[103],"intermediate":[105],"feature":[106],"maps.":[107],"on-chip":[109],"bandwidth":[111],"is":[112,128],"further":[113],"reduced":[114],"input":[117,145],"stationary":[118],"flow":[119],"parallel-layer":[121],"execution":[122],"reduce":[124],"power":[125],"consumption.":[126],"Hardware":[127],"regular":[129],"easy":[131],"control":[133],"support":[135],"different":[136],"layers":[137],"processing":[139],"elements":[140],"(PEs)":[141],"clusters":[142],"reconfigurable":[144],"uniform":[147],"data":[148],"flow.":[149],"implementation":[151],"in":[152],"40":[154],"nm":[155],"CMOS":[156],"process":[157],"consumes":[158],"2333":[159],"K":[160],"gate":[161],"counts":[162],"198\u00c2":[164],"KB":[165],"SRAMs.":[166],"achieves":[169],"31.7":[170],"FPS":[171,174],"124.4":[173],"<inline-formula":[176,184],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[177,185],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[178,186],"<tex-math":[179,187],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\times":[180,188],"2$":[181],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[182,190],"4$":[189],"scales":[191],"Full-HD":[192],"generation,":[193],"respectively,":[194],"which":[195],"attains":[196],"4.75":[197],"TOPS/W":[198],"energy":[199],"efficiency.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}