{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321609308","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2023.3243773","title":"Neuromorphic Circuit Implementation of Operant Conditioning Based on Emotion Generation and Modulation","display_name":"Neuromorphic Circuit Implementation of Operant Conditioning Based on Emotion Generation and Modulation","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321609308","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2023.3243773"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2023.3243773","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2023.3243773","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062908679","display_name":"Yutong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3047-2693"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327237609","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yutong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control of Education Ministry of China, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3047-2693","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control of Education Ministry of China, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081245089","display_name":"Zhigang Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4587-3588"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327237609","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhigang Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control of Education Ministry of China, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4587-3588","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control of Education Ministry of China, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4018,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9358809,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"5","first_page":"1868","last_page":"1881"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromorphic-engineering","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","score":0.6369324326515198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5257050395011902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.47884273529052734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operant-conditioning","display_name":"Operant conditioning","score":0.47600802779197693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/humanoid-robot","display_name":"Humanoid robot","score":0.44773054122924805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-neural-network","display_name":"Biological neural network","score":0.43024250864982605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/punishment","display_name":"Punishment (psychology)","score":0.4186384379863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.41216549277305603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3852490782737732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.3747348189353943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.34168678522109985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3032872676849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement","display_name":"Reinforcement","score":0.23987028002738953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.19379231333732605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.08825868368148804}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151927369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981312","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","level":3,"score":0.6369324326515198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5257050395011902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47884273529052734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163270606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847079","display_name":"Operant conditioning","level":3,"score":0.47600802779197693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60692881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q584529","display_name":"Humanoid robot","level":3,"score":0.44773054122924805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118403218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43283","display_name":"Biological neural network","level":2,"score":0.43024250864982605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779295839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3544090","display_name":"Punishment (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4186384379863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.41216549277305603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3852490782737732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3747348189353943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.34168678522109985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3032872676849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.23987028002738953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.19379231333732605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.08825868368148804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2023.3243773","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2023.3243773","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8299999833106995}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2413230818","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61821003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2510729811","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U 1913602","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2530745827","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021ZD0201300","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3638118910","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61936004,","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8806863668","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HUST: 2022JYCXJJ004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1535248457","https://openalex.org/W1578783943","https://openalex.org/W1976342705","https://openalex.org/W1996388323","https://openalex.org/W2008901850","https://openalex.org/W2009639618","https://openalex.org/W2014824949","https://openalex.org/W2034602202","https://openalex.org/W2043569928","https://openalex.org/W2046774605","https://openalex.org/W2048084888","https://openalex.org/W2049430977","https://openalex.org/W2076695517","https://openalex.org/W2085971650","https://openalex.org/W2093071448","https://openalex.org/W2125823313","https://openalex.org/W2155954834","https://openalex.org/W2156984202","https://openalex.org/W2163105747","https://openalex.org/W2332954138","https://openalex.org/W2513917688","https://openalex.org/W2519347890","https://openalex.org/W2526646482","https://openalex.org/W2542430611","https://openalex.org/W2548266803","https://openalex.org/W2562820671","https://openalex.org/W2599944644","https://openalex.org/W2603064927","https://openalex.org/W2771420577","https://openalex.org/W2779777546","https://openalex.org/W2800653266","https://openalex.org/W2800982507","https://openalex.org/W2890648591","https://openalex.org/W2898599862","https://openalex.org/W2969020366","https://openalex.org/W2990793844","https://openalex.org/W3043940359","https://openalex.org/W3098225300","https://openalex.org/W3112657502","https://openalex.org/W3122984962","https://openalex.org/W3130607852","https://openalex.org/W3151328790","https://openalex.org/W3174385126","https://openalex.org/W3174407341","https://openalex.org/W3179411765","https://openalex.org/W3198215373","https://openalex.org/W3201607961","https://openalex.org/W4224296904","https://openalex.org/W4251189657","https://openalex.org/W4254436426","https://openalex.org/W4289823359","https://openalex.org/W4294891451","https://openalex.org/W4306912784","https://openalex.org/W4312282386","https://openalex.org/W6736339276"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2986579802","https://openalex.org/W3108691306","https://openalex.org/W4389237622","https://openalex.org/W4385753159","https://openalex.org/W4200152843","https://openalex.org/W4214914769","https://openalex.org/W4387251107","https://openalex.org/W2166309310","https://openalex.org/W4317717548","https://openalex.org/W4297621941"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,119],"this":[1],"work,":[2],"an":[3,170],"operant":[4],"conditioning":[5],"(OC)":[6],"model":[7,47,89],"and":[8,16,25,36,60,64,76,98,104,114,126,134,154,163,189],"memristive":[9,82],"circuit":[10,83,147],"implementation":[11],"based":[12],"on":[13],"emotion":[14,66,115,135],"generation":[15],"modulation":[17],"is":[18,21,148,164],"proposed,":[19],"which":[20,53],"inspired":[22],"by":[23,34],"neural":[24],"psychological":[26],"mechanisms":[27],"to":[28,86,150,166,175],"simulate":[29],"human":[30],"behavioral":[31],"decisions":[32],"guided":[33],"reinforcers":[35],"emotional":[37,190],"changes":[38],"during":[39],"interaction":[40,185],"with":[41,139,186],"dynamically":[42],"changing":[43],"environments.":[44],"The":[45,145],"OC":[46,88,101,161],"consists":[48],"of":[49,71,94,100,109,111,123,142],"four":[50,69],"main":[51],"modules":[52],"are":[54,129],"the":[55,58,65,81,87,92,107,121,140,187],"cue-synapse-action":[56],"module,":[57],"reward":[59,72,124],"punishment":[61,77,127],"value":[62,112,133],"systems,":[63],"system.":[67],"Under":[68],"conditions":[70],"appearance":[73,78],"or":[74,79],"termination,":[75,80],"designed":[84],"according":[85],"can":[90],"realize":[91],"process":[93,108],"exploration,":[95],"acquisition,":[96],"extinction,":[97],"recovery":[99],"(external":[102],"phenomena),":[103],"also":[105],"reflect":[106],"change":[110],"signals":[113,116,136],"(internal":[117],"states).":[118],"addition,":[120],"phenomena":[122],"fatigue":[125],"adaptation":[128],"considered":[130],"so":[131],"that":[132],"gradually":[137],"diminish":[138],"repetition":[141],"invariant":[143],"reinforcers.":[144],"neuromorphic":[146],"verified":[149],"have":[151],"good":[152],"robustness":[153],"device":[155],"tolerance.":[156],"This":[157],"work":[158],"enables":[159],"multi-timescale":[160],"tasks":[162],"expected":[165],"be":[167],"applied":[168],"in":[169],"emotionally":[171],"intelligent":[172],"robot":[173],"platform":[174],"achieve":[176],"humanoid":[177],"functions":[178],"such":[179],"as":[180],"real-time":[181],"dynamic":[182],"decision-making":[183],"for":[184],"environment":[188],"companionship.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}