{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321608049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2023.3243644","title":"Low Latency SEU Detection in FPGA CRAM With In-Memory ECC Checking","display_name":"Low Latency SEU Detection in FPGA CRAM With In-Memory ECC Checking","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321608049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2023.3243644"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2023.3243644","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2023.3243644","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046240202","display_name":"Aur\u00e9lien Alacchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4486-413X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aurelien Alacchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4486-413X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055536889","display_name":"Edouard Giacomin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5415-1870"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edouard Giacomin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5415-1870","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015223583","display_name":"Scott Temple","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9977-5804"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott Temple","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081687821","display_name":"Roman Gauchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2948-9466"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roman Gauchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2948-9466","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041342112","display_name":"Michael Wirthlin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0328-6713"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100005738","display_name":"Brigham Young University","ror":"https://ror.org/047rhhm47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Wirthlin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University (BYU), Provo, UT, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0328-6713","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University (BYU), Provo, UT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002568331","display_name":"Pierre\u2010Emmanuel Gaillardon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3634-3999"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierre-Emmanuel Gaillardon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3634-3999","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9744,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86137047,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"5","first_page":"2028","last_page":"2036"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.7462132573127747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-scrubbing","display_name":"Data scrubbing","score":0.6539170742034912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6403934359550476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.5307711958885193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redundancy","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","score":0.48379987478256226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/triple-modular-redundancy","display_name":"Triple modular redundancy","score":0.47694864869117737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4703559875488281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.4489631950855255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gate-array","display_name":"Gate array","score":0.43839749693870544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asynchronous-communication","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","score":0.4136161506175995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3885575532913208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.34772396087646484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.16403517127037048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1585971713066101}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.7462132573127747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89529581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227348","display_name":"Data scrubbing","level":2,"score":0.6539170742034912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6403934359550476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.5307711958885193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.48379987478256226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196371267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3998979","display_name":"Triple modular redundancy","level":3,"score":0.47694864869117737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4703559875488281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.4489631950855255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114237110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114901","display_name":"Gate array","level":3,"score":0.43839749693870544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.4136161506175995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3885575532913208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.34772396087646484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16403517127037048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1585971713066101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2023.3243644","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2023.3243644","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2475163961","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA8650-18-2-7855.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2061205755","https://openalex.org/W2096692505","https://openalex.org/W2111607338","https://openalex.org/W2150650385","https://openalex.org/W2160343432","https://openalex.org/W2291356006","https://openalex.org/W2323693865","https://openalex.org/W2496512073","https://openalex.org/W2521911329","https://openalex.org/W2526929376","https://openalex.org/W2547958591","https://openalex.org/W2611189073","https://openalex.org/W2749187408","https://openalex.org/W2796256231","https://openalex.org/W2981551676","https://openalex.org/W2988212920","https://openalex.org/W3047786962","https://openalex.org/W3142488006","https://openalex.org/W3158723058","https://openalex.org/W4295135910"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W58658798","https://openalex.org/W3114375939","https://openalex.org/W3008821054","https://openalex.org/W2759696718","https://openalex.org/W2359816675","https://openalex.org/W4210531477","https://openalex.org/W2603119174","https://openalex.org/W3206195470","https://openalex.org/W2491217195","https://openalex.org/W2046926633"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,135],"harsh":[1,133],"environments":[2],"such":[3,31],"as":[4,32],"space,":[5],"radiation":[6,160],"and":[7,64,103,152,168],"charged":[8],"particles":[9],"cause":[10],"Single-Event":[11,40,58],"Effects,":[12],"faults":[13],"occurring":[14],"randomly":[15],"on":[16,114,198],"any":[17],"electronic":[18],"component.":[19],"These":[20],"must":[21],"be":[22],"mitigated":[23],"to":[24,85,117,128,148,174],"ensure":[25],"device":[26],"functionality.":[27],"Modern":[28],"mitigation":[29],"methods,":[30],"triple":[33],"modular":[34],"redundancy,":[35],"are":[36,65],"very":[37],"effective":[38],"against":[39],"Transients":[41],"(SETs),":[42],"but":[43],"incur":[44],"a":[45,73,89,146,177,214,218,224],"minimum":[46],"of":[47,204],"<inline-formula":[48,191,205],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[49,192,206],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[50,193,207],"<tex-math":[51,194,208],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$3\\times":[52],"$":[53,196,210],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[54,197,211],"cost":[55],"in":[56,132,158],"area.":[57],"Upsets":[59],"(SEUs)":[60],"affect":[61],"sequential":[62,115],"elements":[63,116],"regularly":[66],"repaired":[67],"using":[68,213],"memory":[69,80,150,156],"scrubbing.":[70],"Scrubbing":[71],"is":[72,126],"slow":[74],"serial":[75],"process,":[76],"going":[77],"through":[78],"every":[79],"word":[81],"looking":[82],"for":[83],"errors":[84],"repair.":[86],"It":[87],"involves":[88],"non-negligible":[90],"Time":[91],"To":[92],"Detect":[93],"(TTD)":[94],"before":[95],"repair,":[96],"during":[97],"which":[98],"other":[99],"events":[100],"can":[101],"occur":[102],"compromise":[104],"the":[105,170],"system.":[106],"Field":[107],"Programmable":[108],"Gate":[109],"Arrays":[110],"(FPGAs)":[111],"rely":[112],"heavily":[113],"store":[118],"their":[119],"configuration;":[120],"thus,":[121],"FPGA\u2019s":[122,185],"SEU":[123,166],"detection":[124],"time":[125,173],"critical":[127],"ensuring":[129],"design":[130],"integrity":[131],"conditions.":[134],"this":[136],"paper,":[137],"we":[138],"propose":[139],"In-Memory":[140],"Error":[141],"Code":[142],"Correction":[143],"Checking":[144],"(IMECCC),":[145],"method":[147,163],"replace":[149],"scrubbing":[151,226],"improve":[153],"FPGA":[154],"configuration":[155],"protection":[157],"high":[159],"environments.":[161],"Our":[162],"allows":[164],"asynchronous":[165],"detection,":[167],"replaces":[169],"scrubbing\u2019s":[171],"variable":[172],"detect":[175],"with":[176,200],"fixed":[178],"TTD.":[179],"We":[180],"show":[181],"that":[182],"IMECCC":[183],"reduces":[184],"TTD":[186],"by":[187],"at":[188,223],"least":[189],"116,":[190],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$000\\times":[195],"average,":[199],"an":[201],"area":[202],"increase":[203],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$1.56\\times":[209],",":[212],"test":[215],"architecture":[216],"resembling":[217],"Xilinx":[219],"Virtex":[220],"5":[221],"QV":[222],"60MHz":[225],"frequency.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}