{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4313067215","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2022.3219587","title":"An Ultra Low-Power Programmable Voltage Reference for Power-Constrained Electronic Systems","display_name":"An Ultra Low-Power Programmable Voltage Reference for Power-Constrained Electronic Systems","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4313067215","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2022.3219587"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2022.3219587","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2022.3219587","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047341225","display_name":"Michele Caselli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3807-8033"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124601658","display_name":"University of Parma","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7wn190","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michele Caselli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parma, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083460482","display_name":"Evgenii Tiurin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7459-9699"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153656","display_name":"Holst Centre (Netherlands)","ror":"https://ror.org/04abpa862","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153656"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evgenii Tiurin","raw_affiliation_strings":["IMEC-Holst Centre, Eindhoven, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IMEC-Holst Centre, Eindhoven, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153656"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053295389","display_name":"Stefano Stanzione","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153656","display_name":"Holst Centre (Netherlands)","ror":"https://ror.org/04abpa862","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153656"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Stanzione","raw_affiliation_strings":["IMEC-Holst Centre, Eindhoven, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IMEC-Holst Centre, Eindhoven, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153656"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032000935","display_name":"Andrea Boni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7649-2871"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124601658","display_name":"University of Parma","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7wn190","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Boni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parma, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047341225"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3027,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78024002,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"2","first_page":"618","last_page":"630"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duty-cycle","display_name":"Duty cycle","score":0.6634538769721985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-reference","display_name":"Voltage reference","score":0.5707902908325195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5646311640739441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandgap-voltage-reference","display_name":"Bandgap voltage reference","score":0.5354639887809753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.5246684551239014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5201542973518372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultra-low-power","display_name":"Ultra low power","score":0.5052602887153625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.4999861717224121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4745139479637146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.43790239095687866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.42874181270599365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3929215371608734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.34029054641723633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.32266271114349365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2130890190601349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.19933372735977173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10531312227249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10166049003601074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07792308926582336}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199822604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557120","display_name":"Duty cycle","level":3,"score":0.6634538769721985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44351266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1465532","display_name":"Voltage reference","level":3,"score":0.5707902908325195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5646311640739441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127033052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48635","display_name":"Bandgap voltage reference","level":5,"score":0.5354639887809753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5246684551239014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5201542973518372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017773396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6692774","display_name":"Ultra low power","level":4,"score":0.5052602887153625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.4999861717224121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4745139479637146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.43790239095687866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.42874181270599365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3929215371608734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.34029054641723633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.32266271114349365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2130890190601349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.19933372735977173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10531312227249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10166049003601074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07792308926582336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15032970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851210","display_name":"Dropout voltage","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2022.3219587","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2022.3219587","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1832376984","https://openalex.org/W2004981586","https://openalex.org/W2047160794","https://openalex.org/W2103642226","https://openalex.org/W2122275783","https://openalex.org/W2133427075","https://openalex.org/W2155029651","https://openalex.org/W2270299194","https://openalex.org/W2296472418","https://openalex.org/W2317933361","https://openalex.org/W2572245080","https://openalex.org/W2573720242","https://openalex.org/W2760190087","https://openalex.org/W2768720921","https://openalex.org/W2770444667","https://openalex.org/W2903024800","https://openalex.org/W2912115101","https://openalex.org/W2921577019","https://openalex.org/W2985292380","https://openalex.org/W3014188970","https://openalex.org/W3036193849","https://openalex.org/W3126970610","https://openalex.org/W3135845707","https://openalex.org/W3183656042","https://openalex.org/W4205286099","https://openalex.org/W4230154713","https://openalex.org/W4285031129","https://openalex.org/W4300172243"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2370820504","https://openalex.org/W2133199116","https://openalex.org/W4389955510","https://openalex.org/W2347289947","https://openalex.org/W2364640622","https://openalex.org/W2390376289","https://openalex.org/W2372270451","https://openalex.org/W1970992322","https://openalex.org/W2542178378","https://openalex.org/W2907906161"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,10,22,48],"novel":[4],"architecture":[5,19],"for":[6,40,130,141],"the":[7,14,37,41,57,75,94,106,120,127,131,137],"generation":[8],"of":[9,36,69],"programmable":[11,49],"voltage":[12,26],"reference:":[13],"background-calibrated":[15],"(BC)-PVR.":[16],"Our":[17],"mixed-signal":[18],"periodically":[20],"calibrates":[21],"static":[23],"ultra":[24],"low-power":[25],"reference":[27,98],"generator,":[28],"from":[29],"an":[30],"accurate":[31],"bandgap":[32],"reference.":[33],"The":[34,51,79,112],"portion":[35],"chip":[38],"used":[39],"calibration":[42],"can":[43],"be":[44],"powered":[45],"down":[46],"with":[47],"duty-cycle.":[50],"system":[52,128],"aims":[53],"to":[54,73,125],"fully":[55],"exploit":[56],"small":[58],"temperature":[59,107],"derivative":[60],"vs":[61],"time":[62],"<inline-formula":[63],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[64],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[65],"<tex-math":[66],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$D_{T}$":[67],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[68],"several":[70],"application":[71],"domains":[72],"minimize":[74],"average":[76],"current":[77,117],"consumption.":[78],"BC-PVR":[80,138],"has":[81],"been":[82],"designed":[83],"and":[84,91,119],"implemented":[85],"in":[86],"TSMC":[87],"55-nm":[88],"CMOS":[89],"technology,":[90],"it":[92],"achieves":[93],"largest":[95],"reported":[96],"programming":[97],"output":[99],"range":[100,108],"[0.42":[101],"-":[102],"2.52]":[103],"V,":[104],"over":[105],"[\u221220,":[109],"85]":[110],"\u00b0C.":[111],"duty-cycle":[113],"mode":[114],"allows":[115],"nanoampere":[116],"consumption,":[118],"large":[121],"design":[122],"flexibility":[123],"permits":[124],"optimize":[126],"performance":[129],"specific":[132],"application.":[133],"These":[134],"features":[135],"make":[136],"very":[139],"well-suited":[140],"power-constrained":[142],"electronic":[143],"systems.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-05T09:29:38.588285","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
