{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4288057941","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2022.3169508","title":"A 12-Bit 1 GS/s RF Sampling Pipeline-SAR ADC With Harmonic Injecting Cross-Coupled Pair Achieving 7.5 fj/Conv-Step","display_name":"A 12-Bit 1 GS/s RF Sampling Pipeline-SAR ADC With Harmonic Injecting Cross-Coupled Pair Achieving 7.5 fj/Conv-Step","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4288057941","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2022.3169508"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2022.3169508","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2022.3169508","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054176924","display_name":"Liang Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0939-0426"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178169726","display_name":"Southern Methodist University","ror":"https://ror.org/042tdr378","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087596","display_name":"Qualcomm (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/002zrf773","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111675","display_name":"Market Matters","ror":"https://ror.org/021yan307","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111675"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Liang Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA","Qualcomm Inc, San Diego, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm Inc, San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596","https://openalex.org/I4210111675"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004145737","display_name":"Xianshan Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1337-0524"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178169726","display_name":"Southern Methodist University","ror":"https://ror.org/042tdr378","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianshan Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014118092","display_name":"Tao Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3822-884X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178169726","display_name":"Southern Methodist University","ror":"https://ror.org/042tdr378","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089888208","display_name":"Ping Gui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3197-4903"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178169726","display_name":"Southern Methodist University","ror":"https://ror.org/042tdr378","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Gui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054176924"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726","https://openalex.org/I4210087596","https://openalex.org/I4210111675"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8737,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84644112,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"8","first_page":"3225","last_page":"3236"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spurious-free-dynamic-range","display_name":"Spurious-free dynamic range","score":0.8185609579086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linearity","display_name":"Linearity","score":0.6816975474357605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5551575422286987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nyquist\u2013shannon-sampling-theorem","display_name":"Nyquist\u2013Shannon sampling theorem","score":0.5414583086967468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.5395057201385498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/12-bit","display_name":"12-bit","score":0.530709445476532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/successive-approximation-adc","display_name":"Successive approximation ADC","score":0.5263563394546509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.516695499420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-harmonic-distortion","display_name":"Total harmonic distortion","score":0.49583300948143005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.43631356954574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4270501732826233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/4-bit","display_name":"4-bit","score":0.4135916531085968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3938334584236145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3400135636329651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23544883728027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitor","display_name":"Capacitor","score":0.18473589420318604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.09885093569755554}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119293636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657480","display_name":"Spurious-free dynamic range","level":3,"score":0.8185609579086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77170095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753188","display_name":"Linearity","level":2,"score":0.6816975474357605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5551575422286987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C288623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679800","display_name":"Nyquist\u2013Shannon sampling theorem","level":2,"score":0.5414583086967468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.5395057201385498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776310492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3271420","display_name":"12-bit","level":3,"score":0.530709445476532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60154766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2650458","display_name":"Successive approximation ADC","level":4,"score":0.5263563394546509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.516695499420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42156128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162641","display_name":"Total harmonic distortion","level":3,"score":0.49583300948143005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.43631356954574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4270501732826233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194986542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229932","display_name":"4-bit","level":3,"score":0.4135916531085968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3938334584236145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3400135636329651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23544883728027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52192207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5322","display_name":"Capacitor","level":3,"score":0.18473589420318604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.09885093569755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2022.3169508","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2022.3169508","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1566916904","https://openalex.org/W1598192581","https://openalex.org/W1806144281","https://openalex.org/W1977030506","https://openalex.org/W1995207753","https://openalex.org/W1998284495","https://openalex.org/W2015794844","https://openalex.org/W2085967153","https://openalex.org/W2099432139","https://openalex.org/W2119628033","https://openalex.org/W2135751681","https://openalex.org/W2137774000","https://openalex.org/W2144429965","https://openalex.org/W2155589054","https://openalex.org/W2161982945","https://openalex.org/W2333835460","https://openalex.org/W2592515961","https://openalex.org/W2593720627","https://openalex.org/W2594323471","https://openalex.org/W2598433099","https://openalex.org/W2742639921","https://openalex.org/W2751381103","https://openalex.org/W2802993124","https://openalex.org/W2883481665","https://openalex.org/W2920991553","https://openalex.org/W2944515859","https://openalex.org/W2988320438","https://openalex.org/W3000227939","https://openalex.org/W3015709350","https://openalex.org/W3090442715","https://openalex.org/W3127766301","https://openalex.org/W3147616483","https://openalex.org/W4239486830"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2054018984","https://openalex.org/W2739351926","https://openalex.org/W2542593952","https://openalex.org/W4387941295","https://openalex.org/W2565946164","https://openalex.org/W2568520569","https://openalex.org/W1980428113","https://openalex.org/W3116897448","https://openalex.org/W4307567705","https://openalex.org/W2783221760"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"present":[1],"an":[2,159,164,169,180],"RF":[3],"sampling":[4],"1":[5,162,186],"GS/s":[6],"12-bit":[7],"single-channel":[8],"successive":[9],"approximation":[10],"register":[11],"(SAR)":[12],"assisted":[13],"pipeline":[14],"analog":[15,57],"to":[16,104,137],"digital":[17],"converter":[18],"(ADC).":[19],"A":[20,189],"novel":[21],"Harmonic-injecting":[22],"Cross-Coupled":[23],"Pair":[24],"(HXCP)":[25],"is":[26],"proposed":[27,84],"in":[28,55,78,152],"a":[29,43,79,153,197],"<inline-formula":[30],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[31,194],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[32],"<tex-math":[33],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\text{G}_{\\text":[34],"{m}}$":[35],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[36],"-R":[37],"based":[38],"residue":[39,80],"amplifier":[40,81],"design":[41],"as":[42],"critical":[44],"part":[45],"of":[46,101,112,161,166,171,182,206,210,215],"the":[47,53,66,72,76,83,88,99,102,129,139,142,207],"presented":[48,148],"ADC.":[49,73],"This":[50],"technique":[51,85],"overcomes":[52],"challenges":[54],"designing":[56],"amplifiers":[58],"using":[59],"advanced":[60],"nanometer":[61],"CMOS":[62,155],"processes":[63],"and":[64,68,96,119,145,157,179,196,218],"achieves":[65,158],"gain":[67,100],"linearity":[69,90],"required":[70],"for":[71],"By":[74],"implementing":[75],"HXCP":[77],"(RA),":[82],"successfully":[86],"improves":[87],"RA":[89,103],"by":[91],"at":[92,174,185],"least":[93],"10":[94],"dB":[95,173,184,199],"meanwhile":[97],"boosts":[98],"be":[105],"about":[106],"8.":[107],"The":[108,147],"entire":[109],"ADC":[110,140,149],"consists":[111],"three":[113,130],"stages":[114],"each":[115],"with":[116],"4-bit,":[117,118],"6-bit,":[120],"respectively.":[121],"Two":[122],"one-bit":[123],"interstage":[124],"redundancies":[125],"are":[126,134,201],"implemented":[127,136,151],"between":[128],"stages.":[131],"Various":[132],"techniques":[133],"also":[135],"help":[138],"achieve":[141],"targeted":[143],"speed":[144,217],"resolution.":[146,219],"was":[150],"28nm":[154],"process":[156],"ERBW":[160],"GHz,":[163],"SNDR":[165],"60.7":[167],"dB,":[168],"SFDR":[170,181],"73":[172],"Nyquist":[175],"input":[176],"(495":[177],"MHz)":[178],"82":[183],"GHz":[187],"input.":[188],"7.5":[190],"fj/conv-step":[191],"FoM":[192],"<sub":[193],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">w</sub>":[195],"169.4":[198],"FoMs":[200],"achieved,":[202],"which":[203],"demonstrate":[204],"one":[205],"best":[208],"Figure":[209],"Merits":[211],"(FoMs)":[212],"among":[213],"ADCs":[214],"similar":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}