{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3188581966","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2021.3097828","title":"Post-Manufacturing Process and Temperature Calibration of a 2-MHz On-Chip Relaxation Oscillator","display_name":"Post-Manufacturing Process and Temperature Calibration of a 2-MHz On-Chip Relaxation Oscillator","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3188581966","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2021.3097828","mag":"3188581966"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2021.3097828","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2021.3097828","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087900596","display_name":"Josip Mikuli\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6399-0847"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154481106","display_name":"AMS (Austria)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vz6gs79","country_code":"AT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154481106"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Josip Mikulic","raw_affiliation_strings":["ams AG, Premstaetten, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6399-0847","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ams AG, Premstaetten, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154481106"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041976550","display_name":"Gregor Schatzberger","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154481106","display_name":"AMS (Austria)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vz6gs79","country_code":"AT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154481106"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregor Schatzberger","raw_affiliation_strings":["ams AG, Premstaetten, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ams AG, Premstaetten, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154481106"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021811907","display_name":"Adrijan Bari\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5642-3086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181343428","display_name":"University of Zagreb","ror":"https://ror.org/00mv6sv71","country_code":"HR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181343428"]}],"countries":["HR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adrijan Baric","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics, Microelectronics, Computer and Intelligent Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics, Microelectronics, Computer and Intelligent Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181343428"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5811,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59603893,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"10","first_page":"4076","last_page":"4089"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relaxation-oscillator","display_name":"Relaxation oscillator","score":0.7752965688705444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-coefficient","display_name":"Temperature coefficient","score":0.6682733297348022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.6176095008850098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-temperature-range","display_name":"Atmospheric temperature range","score":0.5136032104492188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.4794386923313141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytical-chemistry","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","score":0.4673227369785309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relaxation","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","score":0.4646551012992859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.4180666208267212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-control","display_name":"Temperature control","score":0.4171682894229889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4006028175354004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.39098894596099854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.38376015424728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.35135823488235474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.33655717968940735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.32128632068634033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.2402338683605194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.1974196434020996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.1957004964351654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18818306922912598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1604236662387848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","score":0.14728546142578125}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135854075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1421688","display_name":"Relaxation oscillator","level":4,"score":0.7752965688705444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16643434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898642","display_name":"Temperature coefficient","level":2,"score":0.6682733297348022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.6176095008850098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39353612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283759","display_name":"Atmospheric temperature range","level":2,"score":0.5136032104492188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.4794386923313141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.4673227369785309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4646551012992859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.4180666208267212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C536315585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7698332","display_name":"Temperature control","level":2,"score":0.4171682894229889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4006028175354004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.39098894596099854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.38376015424728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.35135823488235474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.33655717968940735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.32128632068634033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.2402338683605194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.1974196434020996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.1957004964351654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18818306922912598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1604236662387848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5291336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852341","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","level":3,"score":0.14728546142578125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2021.3097828","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2021.3097828","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6600000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480210993","https://openalex.org/W1977014414","https://openalex.org/W1977951774","https://openalex.org/W2036326695","https://openalex.org/W2058790756","https://openalex.org/W2068076936","https://openalex.org/W2085356527","https://openalex.org/W2096239385","https://openalex.org/W2098661273","https://openalex.org/W2101246913","https://openalex.org/W2109284876","https://openalex.org/W2123054928","https://openalex.org/W2464522166","https://openalex.org/W2467122692","https://openalex.org/W2508500107","https://openalex.org/W2889664870","https://openalex.org/W2902269630","https://openalex.org/W2903201626","https://openalex.org/W2903279486","https://openalex.org/W2917112457","https://openalex.org/W2939577367","https://openalex.org/W2941215636","https://openalex.org/W3023359749","https://openalex.org/W6628680203","https://openalex.org/W6644537468","https://openalex.org/W6659664773"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2037934796","https://openalex.org/W2792570698","https://openalex.org/W2134612783","https://openalex.org/W1980385140","https://openalex.org/W2735848546","https://openalex.org/W3217176710","https://openalex.org/W2140426654","https://openalex.org/W2170582380","https://openalex.org/W2170900773","https://openalex.org/W2143223408"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"work,":[2],"the":[3,7,11,39,62,102,124,132,135,140],"design":[4],"methodology":[5],"of":[6,38,65,90],"relaxation":[8],"oscillator":[9,24,52,73,117],"with":[10,77,134],"post-processing":[12],"trimming":[13],"option":[14],"for":[15,45],"frequency":[16,41,46,94,112],"and":[17,33,47,57,67,95,131],"temperature":[18,48,64,96,104,115,120,125],"coefficient":[19],"is":[20,26,74],"presented.":[21],"A":[22],"novel":[23],"core":[25],"introduced,":[27],"which":[28],"ensures":[29],"good":[30],"control":[31],"linearity":[32],"insensitivity":[34],"to":[35,129,146],"CMOS":[36,84],"variations":[37],"output":[40],"as":[42],"a":[43,108,119],"prerequisite":[44],"calibration.":[49],"The":[50,72,93,114],"proposed":[51],"operates":[53],"at":[54],"2":[55],"MHz":[56],"consumes":[58],"typically":[59],"about$I_{DD}=97.8\\,\\,\\mu":[60],"\\text{A}$at":[61],"nominal":[63,68],"42.5\u00b0C":[66],"supply":[69,137,141],"voltage":[70],"of$V_{DD}=1.8$V.":[71],"verified":[75],"experimentally":[76],"10":[78],"samples":[79],"manufactured":[80],"in":[81,107,111,123,139],"180":[82],"nm":[83],"process,":[85],"each":[86],"covering":[87],"an":[88],"area":[89],"0.075":[91],"mm2.":[92],"calibration":[97],"was":[98],"performed":[99],"based":[100],"on":[101],"two-point":[103],"measurements,":[105],"resulting":[106],"significant":[109],"improvement":[110],"stability.":[113],"calibrated":[116],"has":[118],"variation":[121,133],"\u00b10.30%":[122],"range":[126,142],"from":[127,143],"\u221240\u00b0C":[128],"125\u00b0C,":[130],"power":[136],"\u00b10.07%":[138],"1.62":[144],"V":[145],"1.98":[147],"V.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}