{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2941309668","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2019.2910471","title":"Novel Outphasing Power Amplifiers Designed With an Analytic Generalized Doherty\u2013Chireix Continuum Theory","display_name":"Novel Outphasing Power Amplifiers Designed With an Analytic Generalized Doherty\u2013Chireix Continuum Theory","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2941309668","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2019.2910471","mag":"2941309668"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2019.2910471","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2019.2910471","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080640187","display_name":"Chenyu Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0433-6831"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chenyu Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0433-6831","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087180696","display_name":"Patrick Roblin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3909-6110"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Roblin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3909-6110","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077087146","display_name":"Yunsik Hahn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0260-4134"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunsik Hahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0260-4134","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021720036","display_name":"Zoya Popovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7651-2254"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zoya Popovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043443441","display_name":"Hsiu\u2010Chen Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9137-5670"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hsiu-Chen Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9137-5670","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080640187"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6635,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90298708,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"8","first_page":"2935","last_page":"2948"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.8228278756141663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adjacent-channel","display_name":"Adjacent channel","score":0.7189847230911255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adjacent-channel-power-ratio","display_name":"Adjacent channel power ratio","score":0.6051549911499023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linearization","display_name":"Linearization","score":0.49894142150878906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.48429933190345764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.45039457082748413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.44998878240585327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4258115887641907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.41372257471084595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3521299958229065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predistortion","display_name":"Predistortion","score":0.3407728672027588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.24865031242370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.15463301539421082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.8228278756141663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776908912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16001834","display_name":"Adjacent channel","level":4,"score":0.7189847230911255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776191232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4683143","display_name":"Adjacent channel power ratio","level":5,"score":0.6051549911499023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11210021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1520713","display_name":"Linearization","level":3,"score":0.49894142150878906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.48429933190345764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.45039457082748413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.44998878240585327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4258115887641907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.41372257471084595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3521299958229065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778587875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239686","display_name":"Predistortion","level":4,"score":0.3407728672027588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.24865031242370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.15463301539421082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2019.2910471","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2019.2910471","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8500000238418579}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4707898966","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1711278","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1499264066","https://openalex.org/W1537761570","https://openalex.org/W1589392839","https://openalex.org/W1978676905","https://openalex.org/W1982863483","https://openalex.org/W1992832061","https://openalex.org/W1994864206","https://openalex.org/W1999716715","https://openalex.org/W2015709883","https://openalex.org/W2026305205","https://openalex.org/W2096149630","https://openalex.org/W2109462013","https://openalex.org/W2117192612","https://openalex.org/W2122188233","https://openalex.org/W2141764162","https://openalex.org/W2145709125","https://openalex.org/W2156438706","https://openalex.org/W2156552795","https://openalex.org/W2165747674","https://openalex.org/W2167797886","https://openalex.org/W2169249318","https://openalex.org/W2185103564","https://openalex.org/W2323088953","https://openalex.org/W2323775908","https://openalex.org/W2325846446","https://openalex.org/W2326478571","https://openalex.org/W2466606046","https://openalex.org/W2507577291","https://openalex.org/W2518041446","https://openalex.org/W2541668220","https://openalex.org/W2547324603","https://openalex.org/W2569297434","https://openalex.org/W2599144990","https://openalex.org/W2614430338","https://openalex.org/W2744159268","https://openalex.org/W2762395004","https://openalex.org/W2903604768","https://openalex.org/W6724604837"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4328010791","https://openalex.org/W4383955226","https://openalex.org/W2770386194","https://openalex.org/W4389544589","https://openalex.org/W2167099654","https://openalex.org/W2069598891","https://openalex.org/W4226281858","https://openalex.org/W2347312039","https://openalex.org/W2559032902","https://openalex.org/W2050609909"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"analytic":[1],"theory":[2,31],"for":[3,18,154,172],"dual-input":[4,64,118,188],"outphasing":[5,101],"power":[6,19,48,107,142,147,164,184],"amplifiers":[7],"that":[8,68,79,166],"incorporate":[9],"in":[10],"one":[11],"unified":[12,30],"treatment,":[13],"the":[14,22,34,39,46,53,73,80,87,105,111,132,168,187],"continuum":[15,54],"of":[16,45,55,63,72,137,148,167],"solutions":[17],"combining":[20],"including":[21],"Doherty":[23,74,169],"and":[24,75,89,127,143,196],"Chireix":[25,76],"modes":[26],"is":[27,122],"presented.":[28],"This":[29,94],"developed":[32],"at":[33,139],"current-source":[35],"reference":[36],"planes":[37],"reveals":[38],"performance":[40],"trade-off":[41],"achieved":[42],"by":[43],"all":[44],"possible":[47],"amplifier":[49],"(PA)":[50],"combiners":[51],"within":[52],"solutions.":[56],"Furthermore,":[57],"it":[58],"identifies":[59],"a":[60,144,177,191],"novel":[61],"type":[62],"hybrid":[65,95,119],"Chireix-Doherty":[66,120],"PA":[67,96,121,170,189],"combines":[69],"key":[70],"features":[71],"operations":[77],"such":[78],"fundamental":[81],"drain":[82,135,194],"voltages":[83],"applied":[84],"to":[85,109,130],"both":[86],"main":[88],"auxiliary":[90],"transistors":[91],"remain":[92],"constant.":[93],"relies":[97],"on":[98],"an":[99],"input":[100,106],"angle":[102],"varying":[103],"with":[104,162,176,181],"level":[108],"obtain":[110],"correct":[112],"load":[113],"modulation":[114],"behavior.":[115],"A":[116,134],"2-GHz":[117],"implemented":[123],"using":[124],"nonlinear":[125],"embedding":[126],"experimentally":[128],"evaluated":[129],"validate":[131],"theory.":[133],"efficiency":[136,159,195],"61%":[138],"9-dB":[140],"backoff":[141],"maximum":[145],"output":[146,163],"about":[149],"43":[150],"dBm":[151],"are":[152],"obtained":[153],"continuous-wave":[155],"(CW)":[156],"measurements.":[157],"The":[158],"increases":[160],"monotonously":[161],"unlike":[165],"used":[171],"comparison.":[173],"When":[174],"excited":[175],"20-MHz":[178],"LTE":[179],"signal":[180],"9.5-dB":[182],"peak-to-average":[183],"ratio":[185,200],"(PAPR),":[186],"yields":[190],"60.0%":[192],"average":[193],"-48.1-dBc":[197],"adjacent-channel":[198],"power-leakage":[199],"(ACLR)":[201],"after":[202],"linearization.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
