{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2914616614","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2019.2893891","title":"Numerical Jitter Minimization for PLL-Based FMCW Radar Systems","display_name":"Numerical Jitter Minimization for PLL-Based FMCW Radar Systems","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2914616614","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2019.2893891","mag":"2914616614"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2019.2893891","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2019.2893891","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102009691","display_name":"Frank Herzel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3879-6369"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92894754","display_name":"Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/0489gab80","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I92894754"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Herzel","raw_affiliation_strings":["IHP - Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr innovative Mikroelektronik, Frankfurt (Oder), Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3879-6369","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IHP - Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr innovative Mikroelektronik, Frankfurt (Oder), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92894754"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057750678","display_name":"Silvio Waldmann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92894754","display_name":"Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/0489gab80","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I92894754"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Silvio Waldmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["IHP - Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr innovative Mikroelektronik, Frankfurt (Oder), Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IHP - Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr innovative Mikroelektronik, Frankfurt (Oder), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92894754"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034303749","display_name":"Dietmar Kissinger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9698-4432"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92894754","display_name":"Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/0489gab80","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I92894754"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dietmar Kissinger","raw_affiliation_strings":["IHP - Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr innovative Mikroelektronik, Frankfurt (Oder), Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9698-4432","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IHP - Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr innovative Mikroelektronik, Frankfurt (Oder), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92894754"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92894754"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8173,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72473918,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"7","first_page":"2478","last_page":"2488"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12004","display_name":"Advanced Frequency and Time Standards","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.8112397193908691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","score":0.7684506177902222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.6911314129829407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.6061701774597168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.5852296352386475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.47630608081817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4756980836391449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pll-multibit","display_name":"PLL multibit","score":0.4587640166282654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-wave-radar","display_name":"Continuous-wave radar","score":0.45841217041015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-domain","display_name":"Time domain","score":0.4155634641647339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.40600842237472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.39942723512649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23975709080696106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.20044836401939392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.15174219012260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.11101838946342468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.10774621367454529}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.8112397193908691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5291336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852341","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","level":3,"score":0.7684506177902222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.6911314129829407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.6061701774597168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.5852296352386475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.47630608081817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4756980836391449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77881186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7119642","display_name":"PLL multibit","level":4,"score":0.4587640166282654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59584813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1029234","display_name":"Continuous-wave radar","level":4,"score":0.45841217041015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103824480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185889","display_name":"Time domain","level":2,"score":0.4155634641647339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.40600842237472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.39942723512649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23975709080696106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20044836401939392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.15174219012260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.11101838946342468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.10774621367454529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2019.2893891","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2019.2893891","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6499999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484138581","https://openalex.org/W1965870380","https://openalex.org/W1981543751","https://openalex.org/W1983617554","https://openalex.org/W1997461667","https://openalex.org/W1999435181","https://openalex.org/W2034290464","https://openalex.org/W2043250436","https://openalex.org/W2073544857","https://openalex.org/W2097311800","https://openalex.org/W2097596743","https://openalex.org/W2100234815","https://openalex.org/W2100610777","https://openalex.org/W2119123494","https://openalex.org/W2121896699","https://openalex.org/W2122434580","https://openalex.org/W2130758723","https://openalex.org/W2156820867","https://openalex.org/W2169376357","https://openalex.org/W2172137656","https://openalex.org/W2180930247","https://openalex.org/W2291998445","https://openalex.org/W2328151902","https://openalex.org/W2623781450","https://openalex.org/W2744098360","https://openalex.org/W2759201163","https://openalex.org/W2760612493","https://openalex.org/W2760677310","https://openalex.org/W2795246115","https://openalex.org/W2809373218","https://openalex.org/W2902891169","https://openalex.org/W2904025646","https://openalex.org/W3021509614","https://openalex.org/W6675257793"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W984417604","https://openalex.org/W2104055211","https://openalex.org/W2209295374","https://openalex.org/W2374354148","https://openalex.org/W2217043549","https://openalex.org/W1600405202","https://openalex.org/W1994021281","https://openalex.org/W2976219355","https://openalex.org/W2943997861","https://openalex.org/W2089131288"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,12,60,110,123,134,160],"time-domain":[4],"simulation":[5],"methodology":[6],"for":[7,17,159],"FMCW":[8,136],"radar":[9,79],"systems":[10,80],"using":[11,81],"noisy":[13],"phase-locked":[14],"loop":[15,72,120,156],"(PLL)":[16],"frequency":[18],"generation.":[19],"A":[20],"stochastic":[21],"differential":[22],"equation":[23],"(SDE)":[24],"is":[25,51,138,151],"employed":[26],"to":[27,53],"describe":[28],"both":[29,75],"the":[30,35,40,56,85,118,126,141,155],"high-pass":[31],"filtered":[32,42],"noise":[33,69,89,132],"in":[34,96,109,140],"voltage-controlled":[36],"oscillator":[37],"(VCO)":[38],"and":[39,71,77,91,106],"low-pass":[41],"input":[43,68],"noise.":[44],"The":[45,103,129,147],"exact":[46],"solution":[47],"of":[48,125],"this":[49],"SDE":[50],"used":[52],"directly":[54],"generate":[55],"PLL":[57,119,148],"phase":[58,66,88,93,104,131],"on":[59],"discrete":[61],"time":[62,142,150],"grid":[63],"from":[64,144],"VCO":[65],"noise,":[67],"level,":[70],"bandwidth.":[73],"For":[74],"heterodyne":[76],"homodyne":[78],"an":[82,100],"overdamped":[83],"PLL,":[84],"simulated":[86],"steady-state":[87],"spectra":[90],"rms":[92,107],"jitter":[94,105],"are":[95,114],"excellent":[97],"agreement":[98],"with":[99],"analytical":[101],"model.":[102],"error":[108],"target":[111,127],"distance":[112],"measurement":[113],"minimized":[115,152],"by":[116,153],"optimizing":[117,154],"bandwidth":[121],"as":[122],"function":[124],"distance.":[128],"non-stationary":[130],"during":[133],"linear":[135],"sweep":[137],"calculated":[139],"domain":[143],"circuit":[145],"parameters.":[146],"settling":[149],"filter":[157],"capacitance":[158],"given":[161],"ramp":[162],"slope.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
