{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2911149048","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2018.2889779","title":"A 2.86-TOPS/W Current Mirror Cross-Bar-Based Machine-Learning and Physical Unclonable Function Engine For Internet-of-Things Applications","display_name":"A 2.86-TOPS/W Current Mirror Cross-Bar-Based Machine-Learning and Physical Unclonable Function Engine For Internet-of-Things Applications","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2911149048","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2018.2889779","mag":"2911149048"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2018.2889779","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2018.2889779","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100419255","display_name":"Yi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4416-554X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre of Excellence in IC Design (VIRTUS), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4416-554X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of Excellence in IC Design (VIRTUS), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100401156","display_name":"Zheng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2855-9570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145761","display_name":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gh4er46","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Automotive Electronics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2855-9570","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Automotive Electronics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055972536","display_name":"Aakash Patil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2743-7814"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aakash Patil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre of Excellence in IC Design (VIRTUS), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of Excellence in IC Design (VIRTUS), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002380437","display_name":"Arindam Basu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1035-8770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arindam Basu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre of Excellence in IC Design (VIRTUS), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1035-8770","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of Excellence in IC Design (VIRTUS), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2045,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2045},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6514,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90135776,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"6","first_page":"2240","last_page":"2252"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mnist-database","display_name":"MNIST database","score":0.6990401744842529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-unclonable-function","display_name":"Physical unclonable function","score":0.6677354574203491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5933533906936646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5353190302848816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41826361417770386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-error-rate","display_name":"Word error rate","score":0.41277700662612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.35329246520996094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.35290446877479553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3222697377204895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.28637951612472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.23680362105369568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1830311119556427}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190502265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17069496","display_name":"MNIST database","level":3,"score":0.6990401744842529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8643368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4046262","display_name":"Physical unclonable function","level":3,"score":0.6677354574203491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5933533906936646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5353190302848816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41826361417770386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40969351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3516228","display_name":"Word error rate","level":2,"score":0.41277700662612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.35329246520996094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.35290446877479553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3222697377204895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.28637951612472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.23680362105369568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1830311119556427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779971761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629872","display_name":"Arbiter","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2018.2889779","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2018.2889779","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/150801","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/150801","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1491802337","https://openalex.org/W1598904332","https://openalex.org/W1603076440","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1940916716","https://openalex.org/W1989301509","https://openalex.org/W1992699253","https://openalex.org/W2009033060","https://openalex.org/W2014307680","https://openalex.org/W2016708835","https://openalex.org/W2026131661","https://openalex.org/W2041435997","https://openalex.org/W2103179919","https://openalex.org/W2109238007","https://openalex.org/W2120317475","https://openalex.org/W2123395972","https://openalex.org/W2131763976","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2185491959","https://openalex.org/W2187879848","https://openalex.org/W2502734849","https://openalex.org/W2591601611","https://openalex.org/W2593564159","https://openalex.org/W2741684216","https://openalex.org/W2752846509","https://openalex.org/W2757249827","https://openalex.org/W2777660699","https://openalex.org/W2788423443","https://openalex.org/W2794061657","https://openalex.org/W2814032088","https://openalex.org/W2962723982","https://openalex.org/W2964057022","https://openalex.org/W4243494487","https://openalex.org/W6629353437","https://openalex.org/W6676763481","https://openalex.org/W6678945949","https://openalex.org/W6679951043","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6734592959"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2950475743","https://openalex.org/W4386603768","https://openalex.org/W2886711096","https://openalex.org/W4380078352","https://openalex.org/W3046591097","https://openalex.org/W2590796488","https://openalex.org/W2734358244","https://openalex.org/W2750384547","https://openalex.org/W2809732489","https://openalex.org/W2564203852"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Energy-efficient":[0],"machine-learning":[1,31],"and":[2,21,32,85,99,135],"physical":[3],"unclonable":[4],"function":[5],"(PUF)":[6],"has":[7],"drawn":[8],"significant":[9],"attention":[10],"for":[11,18,35,54],"Internet-of-Things":[12],"(IoT)":[13],"application":[14],"in":[15,40,60,93],"wake-up":[16],"detection":[17],"bandwidth/computation":[19],"reduction":[20,59],"privacy":[22],"protection":[23],"at":[24],"sensor":[25],"node":[26],"or":[27],"autonomous":[28],"device.":[29],"A":[30,65,88],"PUF":[33,124],"engine":[34,104],"IoT":[36],"applications":[37],"is":[38,70,91],"presented":[39],"this":[41],"paper":[42],"with":[43,82,95,116],"a":[44,50,126],"current":[45,97],"mirror":[46],"cross-bar":[47],"(CMCB)":[48],"being":[49],"shared":[51],"core":[52],"circuit":[53],"both":[55],"functions,":[56],"leading":[57],"to":[58,72,147],"overhead":[61],"area":[62,138],"by":[63,152],"48.5\u00d7.":[64],"novel":[66],"dimension":[67,76],"expansion":[68],"technique":[69],"proposed":[71,103],"increase":[73],"weight":[74],"matrix":[75],"beyond":[77],"the":[78],"physically":[79],"implemented":[80],"array":[81],"small":[83],"hardware":[84],"energy":[86,118],"overhead.":[87],"signed":[89],"multiply-accumulation":[90],"realized":[92],"CMCB":[94],"differential":[96],"path":[98],"2-phase":[100],"conversion.":[101],"The":[102,123],"achieves":[105,125],"an":[106,117],"error":[107,129],"rate":[108,130],"of":[109,120,131,144],"6.34%":[110],"on":[111],"MNIST":[112],"digit":[113],"recognition":[114],"task":[115],"efficiency":[119],"2.86":[121],"TOPS/W.":[122],"native":[127],"bit":[128],"2.3%":[132],"across":[133],"corners":[134],"extremely":[136],"low":[137],"per":[139],"challenge":[140],"response":[141],"pair":[142],"(CRP)":[143],"4.17\u00d710-59\u03bcm2/CRP":[145],"due":[146],"exponentially":[148],"more":[149],"CRP":[150],"enabled":[151],"ternary":[153],"input":[154],"mode.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
