{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2896245336","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2018.2873777","title":"Physically Unclonable Functions Using Foundry SRAM Cells","display_name":"Physically Unclonable Functions Using Foundry SRAM Cells","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2896245336","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2018.2873777","mag":"2896245336"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2018.2873777","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2018.2873777","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015329523","display_name":"Lawrence T. Clark","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7741-6512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lawrence T. Clark","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7741-6512","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066577623","display_name":"Sai Bharadwaj Medapuram","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1383-6005"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sai Bharadwaj Medapuram","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1383-6005","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046279497","display_name":"Divya Kiran Kadiyala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2831-6643"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66217453","display_name":"Cadence Design Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w8xa018","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66217453"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Divya Kiran Kadiyala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cadence, San Jose, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2831-6643","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cadence, San Jose, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66217453"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033425088","display_name":"John Brunhaver","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0156-9392"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Brunhaver","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0156-9392","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6588,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87053571,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"3","first_page":"955","last_page":"966"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-random-access-memory","display_name":"Static random-access memory","score":0.9438104629516602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-unclonable-function","display_name":"Physical unclonable function","score":0.6287380456924438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5293130278587341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foundry","display_name":"Foundry","score":0.5219175815582275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.5187373757362366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.48501965403556824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.47022199630737305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3547816276550293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.34912022948265076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.34035587310791016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2423514723777771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arbiter","display_name":"Arbiter","score":0.07147470116615295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68043766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267416","display_name":"Static random-access memory","level":2,"score":0.9438104629516602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8643368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4046262","display_name":"Physical unclonable function","level":3,"score":0.6287380456924438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5293130278587341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781087836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13883136","display_name":"Foundry","level":2,"score":0.5219175815582275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.5187373757362366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48501965403556824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.47022199630737305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3547816276550293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.34912022948265076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.34035587310791016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2423514723777771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779971761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629872","display_name":"Arbiter","level":2,"score":0.07147470116615295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2018.2873777","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2018.2873777","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321879","display_name":"Fujitsu","ror":"https://ror.org/038e2g226"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1505206383","https://openalex.org/W1515671919","https://openalex.org/W1993410586","https://openalex.org/W2001067488","https://openalex.org/W2014010346","https://openalex.org/W2017174041","https://openalex.org/W2026785404","https://openalex.org/W2046467839","https://openalex.org/W2052828598","https://openalex.org/W2069803849","https://openalex.org/W2070767174","https://openalex.org/W2113322447","https://openalex.org/W2128111793","https://openalex.org/W2144418895","https://openalex.org/W2149648080","https://openalex.org/W2149930948","https://openalex.org/W2151679526","https://openalex.org/W2157180100","https://openalex.org/W2172255798","https://openalex.org/W2308470952","https://openalex.org/W2345666964","https://openalex.org/W2394928647","https://openalex.org/W2408171098","https://openalex.org/W2408959132","https://openalex.org/W2534919326","https://openalex.org/W2621153661","https://openalex.org/W2741684216","https://openalex.org/W2744835800","https://openalex.org/W3192551826","https://openalex.org/W6627281100","https://openalex.org/W6682433079","https://openalex.org/W6711995335","https://openalex.org/W6728743559","https://openalex.org/W6742296207"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2782683786","https://openalex.org/W1989670675","https://openalex.org/W3034259040","https://openalex.org/W2041744921","https://openalex.org/W4205523588","https://openalex.org/W2373268526","https://openalex.org/W3214773088","https://openalex.org/W1125124218","https://openalex.org/W2775062502","https://openalex.org/W2302863414"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,136],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"a":[3,49],"low":[4,60],"voltage":[5],"physically":[6],"unclonable":[7],"function":[8],"(PUF)":[9],"implemented":[10],"with":[11],"SRAM":[12,35,45,56],"circuits.":[13],"The":[14,37,59,93],"approach":[15,71],"allows":[16,143],"the":[17,53,70,120,147],"use":[18],"of":[19,95,146],"foundry":[20,54,62],"cells,":[21],"which":[22,104],"are":[23],"used":[24],"in":[25],"this":[26],"paper,":[27],"and":[28,125],"requires":[29],"very":[30],"minor":[31],"modifications":[32],"to":[33,107,113],"standard":[34],"arrays.":[36],"PUF":[38,66,85],"functionality":[39],"is":[40,98,111,137],"designed":[41],"into":[42],"large":[43],"1M-bit":[44],"arrays":[46],"fabricated":[47],"on":[48,76],"55-nm":[50],"process":[51,63,96],"using":[52],"supplied":[55],"cell":[57],"layouts.":[58],"variability":[61],"produces":[64],"good":[65,75],"results,":[67],"demonstrating":[68],"that":[69,130],"should":[72,82],"also":[73,99],"be":[74,114],"conventional":[77],"processes,":[78],"since":[79,139],"greater":[80],"mismatch":[81],"positively":[83],"impact":[84,94],"performance":[86],"as":[87],"measured":[88],"by":[89],"code":[90],"word":[91],"stability.":[92],"corners":[97],"experimentally":[100],"determined.":[101],"Unstable":[102],"bits,":[103],"we":[105],"attribute":[106],"random":[108],"telegraph":[109],"noise":[110],"shown":[112],"at":[115],"manageable":[116],"levels.":[117],"We":[118],"describe":[119],"circuit":[121],"operation,":[122],"statistical":[123],"behavior,":[124],"suggest":[126],"helper":[127],"data":[128],"functions":[129],"allow":[131],"operation":[132],"without":[133],"error":[134,140],"correction.":[135],"important":[138],"correction":[141],"necessarily":[142],"some":[144],"leakage":[145],"underlying":[148],"secret":[149],"codes.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
