{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2810804228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2018.2846699","title":"IMAGING: In-Memory AlGorithms for Image processiNG","display_name":"IMAGING: In-Memory AlGorithms for Image processiNG","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2810804228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2018.2846699","mag":"2810804228"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2018.2846699","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2018.2846699","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8919/8511082/08398398.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8919/8511082/08398398.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023309381","display_name":"Ameer Haj-Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8515-2828"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ameer Haj-Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Technion\u2013Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8515-2828","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Technion\u2013Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060605750","display_name":"Rotem Ben-Hur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8995-7655"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rotem Ben-Hur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Technion\u2013Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Technion\u2013Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047636393","display_name":"Nimrod Wald","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nimrod Wald","raw_affiliation_strings":["Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Technion\u2013Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Technion\u2013Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043586560","display_name":"Ronny Ronen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0341-284X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronny Ronen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Technion\u2013Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Technion\u2013Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014138496","display_name":"Shahar Kvatinsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7277-7271"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahar Kvatinsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Technion\u2013Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Technion\u2013Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023309381"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8433,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95594059,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"12","first_page":"4258","last_page":"4271"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8393024206161499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.5530840754508972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-memory-processing","display_name":"In-Memory Processing","score":0.5495683550834656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.5102639198303223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.4788515567779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flat-memory-model","display_name":"Flat memory model","score":0.4651307463645935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleaved-memory","display_name":"Interleaved memory","score":0.4597833752632141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4260578155517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-architecture","display_name":"Memory architecture","score":0.4218483567237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.4140658974647522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-management","display_name":"Memory management","score":0.3894880414009094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.2855120003223419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semiconductor-memory","display_name":"Semiconductor memory","score":0.281934916973114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.23341187834739685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.17075607180595398}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8393024206161499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.5530840754508972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123593499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6008583","display_name":"In-Memory Processing","level":5,"score":0.5495683550834656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.5102639198303223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.4788515567779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57863822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905488","display_name":"Flat memory model","level":4,"score":0.4651307463645935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63511323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908936","display_name":"Interleaved memory","level":4,"score":0.4597833752632141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4260578155517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779602883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15544750","display_name":"Memory architecture","level":2,"score":0.4218483567237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.4140658974647522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176649486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2308807","display_name":"Memory management","level":3,"score":0.3894880414009094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2855120003223419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98986596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143031","display_name":"Semiconductor memory","level":2,"score":0.281934916973114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.23341187834739685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.17075607180595398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194222762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114486","display_name":"Query by Example","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164120249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q995982","display_name":"Web search query","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2018.2846699","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2018.2846699","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8919/8511082/08398398.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:4008509","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/4008509","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 65(12) 4258-4271","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2018.2846699","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2018.2846699","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8919/8511082/08398398.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G186763818","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1514/17","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322252","funder_display_name":"Israel Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3672565922","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"757259","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","funder_display_name":"European Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8152006990","display_name":"Memristive In-Memory Processing System","funder_award_id":"757259","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322252","display_name":"Israel Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/04sazxf24"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","display_name":"European Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0472cxd90"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2810804228.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2810804228.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1478687540","https://openalex.org/W1578783943","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1776822698","https://openalex.org/W1846246533","https://openalex.org/W1964846093","https://openalex.org/W1986389668","https://openalex.org/W1999085092","https://openalex.org/W2013028205","https://openalex.org/W2048773562","https://openalex.org/W2059126686","https://openalex.org/W2059441802","https://openalex.org/W2061396111","https://openalex.org/W2066280488","https://openalex.org/W2072740080","https://openalex.org/W2081729575","https://openalex.org/W2090413838","https://openalex.org/W2091777687","https://openalex.org/W2093724377","https://openalex.org/W2099563019","https://openalex.org/W2102255233","https://openalex.org/W2104014444","https://openalex.org/W2112753327","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2114375509","https://openalex.org/W2151502878","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2165310699","https://openalex.org/W2267635276","https://openalex.org/W2269491305","https://openalex.org/W2345611555","https://openalex.org/W2396622873","https://openalex.org/W2407339173","https://openalex.org/W2508602506","https://openalex.org/W2518281301","https://openalex.org/W2518875864","https://openalex.org/W2576918530","https://openalex.org/W2606722458","https://openalex.org/W2613569094","https://openalex.org/W2613989746","https://openalex.org/W2625133503","https://openalex.org/W2766489088","https://openalex.org/W2770634378","https://openalex.org/W2799046832","https://openalex.org/W2799942529","https://openalex.org/W3099743262","https://openalex.org/W3106213055","https://openalex.org/W4252390810","https://openalex.org/W4253978541","https://openalex.org/W4255788608","https://openalex.org/W4295262505","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6638947222","https://openalex.org/W6672930468","https://openalex.org/W6675347859","https://openalex.org/W6675700424","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6693397755","https://openalex.org/W6704869001"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2334181344","https://openalex.org/W2526783553","https://openalex.org/W2362277122","https://openalex.org/W2043352873","https://openalex.org/W2143690511","https://openalex.org/W2036525499","https://openalex.org/W4281569059","https://openalex.org/W3025845664","https://openalex.org/W1975698617","https://openalex.org/W2993507867"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Data-intensive":[0],"applications":[1],"such":[2,139],"as":[3,140,156],"image":[4,141],"processing":[5,14,187],"suffer":[6],"from":[7],"massive":[8],"data":[9,28,40,44,72,191],"movement":[10,29],"between":[11],"memory":[12,60,76,123,153],"and":[13,22,46,70,102,108,143,167,172],"units.":[15],"The":[16],"severe":[17],"limitations":[18],"on":[19,178],"system":[20],"performance":[21,182],"energy":[23],"efficiency":[24],"imposed":[25],"by":[26,53],"this":[27,79],"are":[30,165],"further":[31,144],"exacerbated":[32],"with":[33],"any":[34],"increase":[35],"in":[36],"the":[37,39,54,74,111,121,159,162],"distance":[38],"must":[41],"travel.":[42],"This":[43],"transfer":[45],"its":[47],"associated":[48],"obstacles":[49],"could":[50],"be":[51,117],"eliminated":[52],"use":[55,126],"of":[56,89],"emerging":[57],"non-volatile":[58],"resistive":[59],"technologies":[61],"(memristors)":[62],"that":[63],"make":[64],"it":[65],"possible":[66],"to":[67,132,147,151,157],"both":[68],"store":[69],"process":[71],"within":[73],"same":[75],"cells.":[77],"In":[78],"paper,":[80],"we":[81],"propose":[82],"four":[83],"in-memory":[84,137,188],"algorithms":[85,97,131,164,176],"for":[86,190],"efficient":[87],"execution":[88],"fixed":[90,128],"point":[91,129],"multiplication":[92,130],"using":[93,169],"MAGIC":[94],"gates.":[95],"These":[96],"achieve":[98],"much":[99],"better":[100,181],"latency":[101],"throughput":[103],"than":[104],"a":[105,170,186],"previous":[106],"work":[107],"significantly":[109],"reduce":[110],"area":[112],"cost.":[113],"They":[114],"can":[115],"thus":[116],"feasibly":[118],"implemented":[119],"inside":[120],"size-limited":[122],"arrays.":[124],"We":[125],"these":[127],"efficiently":[133],"perform":[134],"more":[135],"complex":[136],"operations":[138],"convolution":[142],"show":[145],"how":[146],"partition":[148],"large":[149],"images":[150],"multiple":[152],"arrays":[154],"so":[155],"maximize":[158],"parallelism.":[160],"All":[161],"proposed":[163],"evaluated":[166],"verified":[168],"cycle-accurate":[171],"functional":[173],"simulator.":[174],"Our":[175],"provide":[177],"average":[179],"200\u00d7":[180],"over":[183],"state-of-the-art":[184],"APIM,":[185],"architecture":[189],"intensive":[192],"applications.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T09:19:25.381259","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}