{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2800825291","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2018.2831007","title":"An Area Efficient 1024-Point Low Power Radix-2<sup>2</sup> FFT Processor With Feed-Forward Multiple Delay Commutators","display_name":"An Area Efficient 1024-Point Low Power Radix-2<sup>2</sup> FFT Processor With Feed-Forward Multiple Delay Commutators","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2800825291","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2018.2831007","mag":"2800825291"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2018.2831007","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2018.2831007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074631590","display_name":"Ngoc Le Ba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4940-8341"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ngoc Le Ba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076628109","display_name":"Tony Tae-Hyoung Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1779-1799"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tony Tae-Hyoung Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074631590"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4163,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82403134,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"10","first_page":"3291","last_page":"3299"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11034","display_name":"Digital Filter Design and Implementation","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fast-fourier-transform","display_name":"Fast Fourier transform","score":0.7393330931663513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5864759087562561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commutator","display_name":"Commutator","score":0.49978160858154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.48109668493270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.44706326723098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.41155216097831726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3876749575138092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.29876184463500977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2383948266506195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11955612897872925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.10331118106842041}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75172450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623950","display_name":"Fast Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.7393330931663513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5864759087562561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145620117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2989763","display_name":"Commutator","level":4,"score":0.49978160858154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.48109668493270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.44706326723098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.41155216097831726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3876749575138092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.29876184463500977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2383948266506195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11955612897872925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.10331118106842041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73648015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6543817","display_name":"Lie conformal algebra","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136119220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000660","display_name":"Algebra over a field","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2018.2831007","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2018.2831007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/105819","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10220/48771","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1923763959","https://openalex.org/W2011191879","https://openalex.org/W2017216250","https://openalex.org/W2019650737","https://openalex.org/W2029360173","https://openalex.org/W2043080420","https://openalex.org/W2046938074","https://openalex.org/W2048773562","https://openalex.org/W2063731653","https://openalex.org/W2086205576","https://openalex.org/W2099278122","https://openalex.org/W2104865560","https://openalex.org/W2114960280","https://openalex.org/W2149009819","https://openalex.org/W2151037583","https://openalex.org/W2166577902","https://openalex.org/W2172075067","https://openalex.org/W2513406307","https://openalex.org/W2513429951","https://openalex.org/W3147354744","https://openalex.org/W6640355072","https://openalex.org/W6655227628"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4302027589","https://openalex.org/W2728978206","https://openalex.org/W2365603414","https://openalex.org/W2384741117","https://openalex.org/W2047193768","https://openalex.org/W2389322469","https://openalex.org/W2363091969","https://openalex.org/W2351380632","https://openalex.org/W2001350914","https://openalex.org/W3095861781"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Radix-2":[0],"<sup":[1,25,38,117],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[2,26,39,118],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">k</sup>":[3],"delay":[4,8,29,64,90],"feed-back":[5],"and":[6,46,131,154],"radix-K":[7],"commutator":[9,30],"are":[10],"the":[11,33,36,89,124,132,145],"most":[12],"well-known":[13],"pipeline":[14],"architecture":[15,31],"for":[16,59],"FFT":[17,94,109],"design.":[18],"This":[19],"paper":[20],"proposes":[21],"a":[22],"novel":[23],"radix-2":[24,37],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[27,40,119],"multiple":[28,63],"utilizing":[32],"advantages":[34],"of":[35,114,136],"algorithm,":[41],"such":[42],"as":[43],"simple":[44],"butterflies":[45],"less":[47],"memory":[48,80],"requirement.":[49],"Therefore,":[50],"it":[51],"is":[52,101,147],"more":[53],"hardware":[54],"efficient":[55],"when":[56],"implementing":[57],"parallelism":[58],"higher":[60],"throughput":[61],"using":[62],"commutators":[65],"or":[66,158],"feed-forward":[67],"data":[68,87,99],"paths.":[69],"Here,":[70],"we":[71],"propose":[72],"an":[73,112],"improved":[74],"input":[75],"scheduling":[76],"algorithm":[77],"based":[78],"upon":[79],"to":[81,85,149],"eliminate":[82],"energy":[83],"required":[84],"shift":[86],"along":[88],"lines.":[91],"A":[92],"1024-point":[93],"processor":[95,110,146],"with":[96],"two":[97],"parallel":[98],"paths":[100],"implemented":[102],"in":[103,123],"65-nm":[104],"CMOS":[105],"process":[106],"technology.":[107],"The":[108],"occupies":[111],"area":[113],"3.6":[115],"mm":[116],",":[120],"successfully":[121],"operates":[122],"supply":[125],"voltage":[126],"range":[127],"from":[128],"0.4-1":[129],"V":[130,166],"maximum":[133],"clock":[134],"frequency":[135],"600":[137],"MHz.":[138],"For":[139],"low":[140],"voltage,":[141],"high":[142],"performance":[143],"applications,":[144],"able":[148],"operate":[150],"at":[151,164],"400":[152],"MHz":[153],"consumes":[155],"60.3":[156],"mW":[157],"77.2":[159],"nJ/FFT":[160],"generating":[161],"800":[162],"Msamples/s":[163],"0.6":[165],"supply.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2018-05-17T00:00:00"}