{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2781528762","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2017.2782247","title":"Low <inline-formula> <tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$1/f^{3}$ </tex-math> </inline-formula> Phase Noise Quadrature LC VCOs","display_name":"Low <inline-formula> <tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$1/f^{3}$ </tex-math> </inline-formula> Phase Noise Quadrature LC VCOs","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2781528762","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2017.2782247","mag":"2781528762"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2017.2782247","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2017.2782247","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060012815","display_name":"Abhishek Bhat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6932-7915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24676775","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Madras","ror":"https://ror.org/03v0r5n49","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abhishek Bhat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Madras, Chennai, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6932-7915","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Madras, Chennai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080522900","display_name":"Nagendra Krishnapura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8429-8910"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24676775","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Madras","ror":"https://ror.org/03v0r5n49","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nagendra Krishnapura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Madras, Chennai, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8429-8910","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Madras, Chennai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1879,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7775842,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"7","first_page":"2127","last_page":"2138"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.8196153044700623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dbc","display_name":"dBc","score":0.7841652631759644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.5756828188896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/figure-of-merit","display_name":"Figure of merit","score":0.5756620764732361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.49231112003326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","score":0.44039595127105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flicker-noise","display_name":"Flicker noise","score":0.4396117925643921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature","display_name":"Quadrature (astronomy)","score":0.4293856918811798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.42271989583969116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3762199580669403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3677249550819397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.32885730266571045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.3241867423057556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-figure","display_name":"Noise figure","score":0.2927953004837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2663858234882355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.2504175007343292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.19413062930107117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.08928608894348145}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.8196153044700623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193523891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1771950","display_name":"dBc","level":3,"score":0.7841652631759644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.5756828188896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130277099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3676605","display_name":"Figure of merit","level":2,"score":0.5756620764732361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.49231112003326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5291336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852341","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","level":3,"score":0.44039595127105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113873419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1410810","display_name":"Flicker noise","level":5,"score":0.4396117925643921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62869609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28137","display_name":"Quadrature (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.4293856918811798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.42271989583969116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3762199580669403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3677249550819397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32885730266571045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.3241867423057556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112806910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746825","display_name":"Noise figure","level":4,"score":0.2927953004837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2663858234882355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.2504175007343292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.19413062930107117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.08928608894348145}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2017.2782247","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2017.2782247","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322252","display_name":"Israel Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/04sazxf24"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1526769637","https://openalex.org/W1530571791","https://openalex.org/W1533614470","https://openalex.org/W1907766519","https://openalex.org/W2008895794","https://openalex.org/W2017683284","https://openalex.org/W2020195524","https://openalex.org/W2020497818","https://openalex.org/W2046996971","https://openalex.org/W2062278442","https://openalex.org/W2077145866","https://openalex.org/W2082211203","https://openalex.org/W2086452019","https://openalex.org/W2093634133","https://openalex.org/W2099064239","https://openalex.org/W2104340505","https://openalex.org/W2107929824","https://openalex.org/W2111079473","https://openalex.org/W2144081487","https://openalex.org/W2148989899","https://openalex.org/W2160966443","https://openalex.org/W2171188748","https://openalex.org/W2544388437","https://openalex.org/W6729430975"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2078470659","https://openalex.org/W2070208092","https://openalex.org/W2139353905","https://openalex.org/W2092299820","https://openalex.org/W2092826485","https://openalex.org/W2159494079","https://openalex.org/W2047911128","https://openalex.org/W2052389375","https://openalex.org/W2021800598","https://openalex.org/W2077569925"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Series-coupled":[0],"quadrature":[1],"LC":[2],"voltage-controlled":[3],"oscillators(SQVCOs)":[4],"perform":[5],"robustly":[6],"over":[7,180],"a":[8,14,69,83,93,97,122],"wide":[9],"tuning":[10],"range,":[11],"but":[12],"have":[13,82,127,152],"higher":[15],"1/f3phase":[16,128],"noise":[17,25,43,66,85,129],"than":[18],"their":[19],"single-phase":[20,94],"counterparts.":[21],"Switching":[22],"transistors":[23,57,64],"inject":[24,65],"into":[26],"the":[27,52,55,62,73,108,118,141,149,167],"tank":[28],"only":[29],"once":[30],"per":[31],"cycle":[32,70],"leading":[33],"to":[34,60,76,90,137],"an":[35],"asymmetric":[36],"impulse":[37],"sensitivity":[38],"function(ISF)":[39],"and":[40,71,133,161],"large":[41],"flicker":[42],"upconversion.":[44],"Circuit":[45],"topologies":[46],"with":[47],"additional":[48],"capacitive":[49],"paths":[50],"from":[51],"drains":[53],"of":[54,87,92,115,117,131,156],"switching":[56,63],"are":[58],"proposed":[59,80,119,150],"make":[61],"twice":[67],"in":[68,107,121,140],"reduce":[72],"average":[74,176],"ISF":[75],"nearly":[77],"zero.":[78],"The":[79,111,175],"SQVCOs":[81,120,151],"phase":[84,154,178],"figure":[86],"merit(FoM)":[88],"close":[89],"that":[91],"VCO":[95],"for":[96],"given":[98],"tank.":[99],"They":[100],"also":[101],"eliminate":[102],"mode":[103],"ambiguity":[104],"usually":[105],"present":[106],"coupled":[109],"VCOs.":[110],"2.4":[112],"GHz":[113],"prototypes":[114],"two":[116],"0.13":[123],"\u03bcm":[124],"CMOS":[125],"process":[126],"corners":[130],"400":[132],"150":[134],"kHz":[135],"compared":[136],"3":[138],"MHz":[139,147],"conventional":[142,168],"SQVCO.":[143],"At":[144],"1":[145],"MHz/3":[146],"offset,":[148],"measured":[153,177],"noise(FoM)":[155],"-133.5/-145.1":[157],"dBc/Hz":[158,163,172],"(188.2/190.2":[159],"dB)":[160,165],"-130/-140.2":[162],"(192.5/193.2":[164],"whereas":[166],"SQVCO":[169],"has":[170],"-125.5/-137.6":[171],"(180.3/183":[173],"dB).":[174],"error":[179],"five":[181],"chips":[182],"is":[183],"0.9\u00b0.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}