{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2736058244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2017.2719685","title":"A Low-Reference Spur MDLL-Based Clock Multiplier and Derivation of Discrete-Time Noise Transfer Function for Phase Noise Analysis","display_name":"A Low-Reference Spur MDLL-Based Clock Multiplier and Derivation of Discrete-Time Noise Transfer Function for Phase Noise Analysis","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2736058244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2017.2719685","mag":"2736058244"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2017.2719685","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2017.2719685","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085859856","display_name":"Geum-Young Tak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7826-0289"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geum-Young Tak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea","Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7826-0289","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084258276","display_name":"Kwyro Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4846-6913"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kwyro Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea","Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5606,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67495763,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"2","first_page":"485","last_page":"497"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.8080681562423706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dbc","display_name":"dBc","score":0.6486448049545288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.6250492930412292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.5436276197433472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.4789498448371887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.46370750665664673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplier","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","score":0.430310994386673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.4264428913593292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","score":0.42419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.38903889060020447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2595488131046295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.25317877531051636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21667605638504028}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.8080681562423706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193523891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1771950","display_name":"dBc","level":3,"score":0.6486448049545288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.6250492930412292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.5436276197433472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4789498448371887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.46370750665664673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124584101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053266","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","level":2,"score":0.430310994386673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4264428913593292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5291336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852341","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","level":3,"score":0.42419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.38903889060020447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2595488131046295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.25317877531051636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21667605638504028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2017.2719685","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2017.2719685","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6700000166893005}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1766888123","https://openalex.org/W1989484081","https://openalex.org/W2001782539","https://openalex.org/W2029794151","https://openalex.org/W2049653766","https://openalex.org/W2061852972","https://openalex.org/W2065318410","https://openalex.org/W2069335439","https://openalex.org/W2079675874","https://openalex.org/W2102019376","https://openalex.org/W2103090267","https://openalex.org/W2107514446","https://openalex.org/W2114810085","https://openalex.org/W2118721819","https://openalex.org/W2120651488","https://openalex.org/W2121854746","https://openalex.org/W2128446766","https://openalex.org/W2134899771","https://openalex.org/W2139110107","https://openalex.org/W2152653240","https://openalex.org/W2161865455","https://openalex.org/W2180747469","https://openalex.org/W2277964521","https://openalex.org/W2290934758","https://openalex.org/W2291102602","https://openalex.org/W2462522525","https://openalex.org/W2478884216"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2141726610","https://openalex.org/W2061664740","https://openalex.org/W2976219355","https://openalex.org/W2139484866","https://openalex.org/W2540766993","https://openalex.org/W2089131288","https://openalex.org/W4242529045","https://openalex.org/W1600405202","https://openalex.org/W2911266525","https://openalex.org/W1486070987"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,69],"multiplying":[1],"delay-locked":[2],"loop":[3,31],"(MDLL)-based":[4],"clock":[5,109,121],"multiplier":[6,110],"with":[7],"a":[8,14,29,44,134,146,156],"two-step":[9],"phase":[10,37,49,67,81,147],"aligning":[11],"architecture":[12,27],"and":[13,38,96,145,164,183],"dual-pulse":[15],"charge-pump":[16],"(CP)":[17],"is":[18,58,75,125],"proposed":[19],"to":[20,33,42,64,78,131],"reduce":[21],"the":[22,35,53,56,62,80,101,181],"reference":[23,167],"spur":[24,168],"level.":[25],"The":[26,91,120,171],"has":[28],"phase-locked":[30],"mode":[32,41],"align":[34],"coarse":[36],"an":[39,112,126],"MDLL":[40,54],"obtain":[43],"delay-lock.":[45],"With":[46,133],"non-overlap":[47],"dual":[48],"detector":[50],"pulses":[51],"in":[52,61],"mode,":[55],"CP":[57],"directly":[59],"calibrated":[60],"runtime":[63],"minimize":[65],"its":[66],"offset.":[68],"discrete-time":[70],"noise":[71,82,148],"transfer":[72],"function":[73],"(NTF)":[74],"also":[76],"derived":[77],"estimate":[79],"of":[83,88,115,149,161],"multiplying-delay":[84],"line":[85],"from":[86,129,155,180],"that":[87],"delay":[89],"line.":[90],"NTF":[92],"includes":[93],"aliasing":[94],"effect":[95],"shows":[97],"better":[98],"accuracy":[99],"than":[100],"prior":[102],"voltage":[103],"controlled":[104],"oscillator":[105],"realignment-based":[106],"approaches.":[107],"This":[108],"occupies":[111],"active":[113],"area":[114],"0.047-mm2in":[116],"40-nm":[117],"CMOS":[118],"process.":[119],"multiplication":[122],"ratio":[123],"(N)":[124],"integer":[127],"value":[128],"8":[130],"27.":[132],"low-cost":[135],"19.2-MHz":[136],"TCXO":[137],"reference,":[138],"153.6-518.4":[139],"MHz":[140,176],"clocks":[141],"were":[142,169],"successfully":[143],"generated,":[144],"-124":[150],"dBc/Hz":[151],"at":[152,174],"100-kHz":[153],"offset":[154],"518.4-MHz":[157],"clock,":[158],"rms":[159],"jitter":[160],"1.28":[162],"ps,":[163],"-65.5":[165],"dBc":[166],"measured.":[170],"power":[172],"dissipation":[173],"518.4":[175],"was":[177],"2.6":[178],"mW":[179],"1.8":[182],"1.1":[184],"V":[185],"supplies.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
