{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2562157976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2016.2606122","title":"A 220-mV Power-on-Reset Based Self-Starter With 2-nW Quiescent Power for Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting Systems","display_name":"A 220-mV Power-on-Reset Based Self-Starter With 2-nW Quiescent Power for Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting Systems","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-12-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2562157976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2016.2606122","mag":"2562157976"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2016.2606122","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2016.2606122","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025462687","display_name":"Das Abhik","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abhik Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University 639798, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University 639798, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075642035","display_name":"Yuan Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0832-2982"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090209","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/009rw8n36","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Institute of Microelectronics, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Institute of Microelectronics, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076628109","display_name":"Tony Tae-Hyoung Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1779-1799"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tony Tae-Hyoung Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University 639798, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University 639798, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4763,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92092976,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"64","issue":"1","first_page":"217","last_page":"226"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11230","display_name":"Innovative Energy Harvesting Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11230","display_name":"Innovative Energy Harvesting Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10440","display_name":"Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-harvesting","display_name":"Energy harvesting","score":0.6811619997024536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reset","display_name":"Reset (finance)","score":0.6343460083007812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5705904960632324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.5661653876304626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermoelectric-generator","display_name":"Thermoelectric generator","score":0.5520414113998413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-resistance","display_name":"Internal resistance","score":0.544477105140686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.515426754951477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-conversion-efficiency","display_name":"Energy conversion efficiency","score":0.4950951635837555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4898030757904053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boost-converter","display_name":"Boost converter","score":0.48572689294815063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.43113598227500916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.40452009439468384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermoelectric-effect","display_name":"Thermoelectric effect","score":0.3918319642543793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.33668601512908936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3258623480796814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23059439659118652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.18712949752807617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.1305829882621765}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101518730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q930236","display_name":"Energy harvesting","level":3,"score":0.6811619997024536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779795794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315343","display_name":"Reset (finance)","level":2,"score":0.6343460083007812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5705904960632324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5661653876304626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117127486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11569191","display_name":"Thermoelectric generator","level":3,"score":0.5520414113998413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106945098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2527701","display_name":"Internal resistance","level":4,"score":0.544477105140686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.515426754951477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206991015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192704","display_name":"Energy conversion efficiency","level":2,"score":0.4950951635837555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4898030757904053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78336795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q760134","display_name":"Boost converter","level":3,"score":0.48572689294815063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.43113598227500916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40452009439468384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63024428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q552456","display_name":"Thermoelectric effect","level":2,"score":0.3918319642543793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.33668601512908936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3258623480796814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23059439659118652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18712949752807617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.1305829882621765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106159729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294553","display_name":"Financial economics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2016.2606122","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2016.2606122","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8799999952316284,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976907055","https://openalex.org/W1986933336","https://openalex.org/W1989043209","https://openalex.org/W2018692660","https://openalex.org/W2026345323","https://openalex.org/W2043053449","https://openalex.org/W2048754502","https://openalex.org/W2056420692","https://openalex.org/W2058131969","https://openalex.org/W2070352054","https://openalex.org/W2071971333","https://openalex.org/W2073634936","https://openalex.org/W2080895310","https://openalex.org/W2087562348","https://openalex.org/W2098572629","https://openalex.org/W2109916578","https://openalex.org/W2122373168","https://openalex.org/W2125488136","https://openalex.org/W2132075921","https://openalex.org/W2140322178","https://openalex.org/W2147822042","https://openalex.org/W2154719474","https://openalex.org/W2159403328","https://openalex.org/W2163952226","https://openalex.org/W2294603318","https://openalex.org/W3150732628","https://openalex.org/W4243971466","https://openalex.org/W6644731497","https://openalex.org/W6647093688","https://openalex.org/W6655116680","https://openalex.org/W6670959160","https://openalex.org/W6696743577"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2155016648","https://openalex.org/W4281749862","https://openalex.org/W4385757246","https://openalex.org/W1966778139","https://openalex.org/W2614134374","https://openalex.org/W2080895310","https://openalex.org/W2740378273","https://openalex.org/W2562157976","https://openalex.org/W2294196243"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Miniaturized":[0],"thin-film":[1],"thermoelectric":[2],"generators":[3],"(TEGs)":[4],"are":[5],"emerging":[6],"energy":[7,31],"harvesting":[8,58],"sources":[9,18],"suitable":[10],"for":[11,56],"wearable":[12],"and":[13,34,91,138],"implantable":[14],"applications.":[15],"However,":[16],"these":[17],"usually":[19],"exhibit":[20],"large":[21],"internal":[22,78],"equivalent":[23],"series":[24],"resistance":[25],"(ESR)":[26],"that":[27],"leads":[28],"to":[29,71,149],"low":[30,156],"conversion":[32,141],"efficiency":[33,142],"self-startup":[35,54,75,96,132],"failures":[36],"at":[37],"ultra-low":[38],"voltages.":[39],"This":[40],"paper":[41],"presents":[42],"a":[43,49,67,92,106,131,139],"highly":[44],"efficient":[45],"boost":[46,89,114,152],"converter":[47,90,115],"with":[48,105,118],"novel":[50],"Power-on-Reset":[51],"(PoR)":[52],"based":[53],"circuit":[55,65,97],"systems":[57],"the":[59,74,83,102,119,151,161],"micro-scale":[60],"thermal":[61],"energy.":[62],"The":[63,95,145],"proposed":[64,120],"generates":[66],"train":[68],"of":[69,85,110,135,143],"pulses":[70],"kick":[72],"start":[73],"through":[76],"an":[77,87],"feedback":[79],"loop":[80],"formed":[81],"by":[82],"ESR":[84],"TEG,":[86],"auxiliary":[88],"PoR":[93],"circuit.":[94],"is":[98,154],"automatically":[99],"disabled":[100],"after":[101,160],"startup":[103],"operation":[104,153],"quiescent":[107],"power":[108],"consumption":[109],"2":[111],"nW.":[112],"A":[113],"test":[116],"chip":[117],"self-starter":[121],"was":[122],"fabricated":[123],"in":[124],"65-nm":[125],"CMOS":[126],"technology":[127],"node.":[128],"It":[129],"achieved":[130],"TEG":[133],"voltage":[134,148],"220":[136],"mV":[137,159],"peak":[140],"76%.":[144],"minimum":[146],"input":[147],"sustain":[150],"as":[155,157],"85":[158],"startup.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}