{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2414259551","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2016.2529284","title":"A Study of BER-Optimal ADC-Based Receiver for Serial Links","display_name":"A Study of BER-Optimal ADC-Based Receiver for Serial Links","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2414259551","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2016.2529284","mag":"2414259551"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2016.2529284","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2016.2529284","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019582323","display_name":"Yingyan Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5946-203X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yingyan Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana,#N#IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana,#N#IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077008357","display_name":"Min-Sun Keel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0732-672X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min-Sun Keel","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana,#N#IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana,#N#IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074396564","display_name":"Adam C. Faust","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam Faust","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108396457","display_name":"Aolin Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aolin Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana,#N#IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana,#N#IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057014407","display_name":"Naresh R. Shanbhag","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4323-9164"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naresh R. Shanbhag","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana,#N#IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana,#N#IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019748322","display_name":"Elyse Rosenbaum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3919-9833"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elyse Rosenbaum","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana,#N#IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana,#N#IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028083945","display_name":"Andrew C. Singer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9926-7036"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew C. Singer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana,#N#IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana,#N#IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019582323"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8643,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86676367,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":"5","first_page":"693","last_page":"704"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4867713451385498}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4867713451385498}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2016.2529284","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2016.2529284","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321551","display_name":"Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01rcvq140"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1575202549","https://openalex.org/W2000147479","https://openalex.org/W2016473864","https://openalex.org/W2039485657","https://openalex.org/W2063852822","https://openalex.org/W2068781795","https://openalex.org/W2099621533","https://openalex.org/W2100822052","https://openalex.org/W2104876651","https://openalex.org/W2109808436","https://openalex.org/W2111877633","https://openalex.org/W2112857179","https://openalex.org/W2115040155","https://openalex.org/W2125135994","https://openalex.org/W2125723800","https://openalex.org/W2134561060","https://openalex.org/W2141036623","https://openalex.org/W2142698693","https://openalex.org/W2143517734","https://openalex.org/W2150593711","https://openalex.org/W2166327317","https://openalex.org/W2166984288","https://openalex.org/W2170009484","https://openalex.org/W2175394431","https://openalex.org/W2177833654","https://openalex.org/W2533360593","https://openalex.org/W6675075138","https://openalex.org/W6676001527","https://openalex.org/W6678487489","https://openalex.org/W6678511224","https://openalex.org/W6681522494"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2130043461","https://openalex.org/W2530322880","https://openalex.org/W1596801655"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Analog-to-digital":[0],"converter":[1,179],"(ADC)-based":[2],"multi-Gb/s":[3],"serial":[4,43,83],"link":[5],"receivers":[6,35],"have":[7],"gained":[8],"increasing":[9],"attention":[10],"in":[11,33,42,127,149,207],"the":[12,17,30,39,58,67,89,98,114,160,209,213,239],"backplane":[13],"community":[14],"due":[15],"to":[16,76,112,158,238],"desire":[18],"for":[19,60,82,132],"higher":[20],"I/O":[21],"throughput,":[22],"ease":[23],"of":[24,69,162,187,222,250,257],"design":[25,77],"portability,":[26],"and":[27,49,97,110,137,147,167,229,241,252],"flexibility.":[28],"However,":[29],"power":[31,185],"dissipation":[32],"such":[34,72,87],"is":[36,144,217],"dominated":[37],"by":[38,118,212,219],"ADC.":[40],"ADCs":[41],"links":[44],"employ":[45],"signal-to-noise-and-distortion":[46],"ratio":[47],"(SNDR)":[48],"effective-number-of-bit":[50],"(ENOB)":[51],"as":[52,55,73,88,236],"performance":[53],"metrics":[54,71],"these":[56],"are":[57,108,135,170],"standard":[59],"generic":[61],"ADC":[62,80,125],"design.":[63],"This":[64],"paper":[65],"studies":[66],"use":[68],"information-based":[70],"bit-error-rate":[74],"(BER)":[75],"a":[78,119,122,128,150,220,247,253],"BER-optimal":[79],"(BOA)":[81],"links.":[84],"Channel":[85],"parameters":[86],"$m$":[93],"-clustering":[95],"value":[96],"threshold":[99],"non-uniformity":[100],"metric":[101],"$h_{t}$":[105],"introduced":[109],"employed":[111],"quantify":[113],"BER":[115,133,210],"improvement":[116,134],"achieved":[117,211],"BOA":[120,143,215],"over":[121],"conventional":[123],"uniform":[124],"(CUA)":[126],"receiver.":[129],"Analytical":[130],"expressions":[131],"derived":[136],"validated":[138],"through":[139],"simulations.":[140],"A":[141],"prototype":[142],"designed,":[145],"fabricated":[146],"tested":[148],"1.2":[151],"V,":[152],"90":[153],"nm":[154],"LP":[155],"CMOS":[156],"process":[157],"verify":[159],"results":[161,204],"this":[163],"study.":[164],"BOA's":[165],"variable-threshold":[166],"variable-resolution":[168],"configurations":[169],"implemented":[171],"via":[172],"an":[173,183],"8-bit":[174],"single-core,":[175],"multiple-output":[176],"passive":[177],"digital-to-analog":[178],"(DAC),":[180],"which":[181,208],"incurs":[182],"additional":[184],"overhead":[186],"$":[191],"0.1%":[194],"(approximately":[195],"50":[196],"$\\mu\\text{W}$":[200],").":[202],"Measurement":[203],"show":[205],"examples":[206],"3-bit":[214,242],"receiver":[216],"lower":[218],"factor":[221],"$10^{9}$":[226],"$10^{10}$":[233],",":[235],"compared":[237],"4-bit":[240],"CUA":[243],"receivers,":[244],"respectively,":[245],"at":[246],"data":[248],"rate":[249],"4-Gb/s":[251],"transmitted":[254],"signal":[255],"amplitude":[256],"180":[258],"mVppd.":[259]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}