{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1985987051","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2015.2411796","title":"Design Methodology of Subthreshold Three-Stage CMOS OTAs Suitable for Ultra-Low-Power Low-Area and High Driving Capability","display_name":"Design Methodology of Subthreshold Three-Stage CMOS OTAs Suitable for Ultra-Low-Power Low-Area and High Driving Capability","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-04-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1985987051","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2015.2411796","mag":"1985987051"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2015.2411796","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2015.2411796","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078615947","display_name":"Alfio Dario Grasso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5707-9683"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39063666","display_name":"University of Catania","ror":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alfio Dario Grasso","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIEEI (Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e Informatica), University of Catania, Catania, Italy","DIEEI - Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica, Elettronica e Informatica, University of Catania, Catania, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIEEI (Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e Informatica), University of Catania, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIEEI - Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica, Elettronica e Informatica, University of Catania, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055196101","display_name":"D. Marano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9433-4199"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I875825670","display_name":"National Institute for Astrophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/02gh4kt33","country_code":"IT","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I875825670"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122196","display_name":"Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania","ror":"https://ror.org/02my7ff12","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122196","https://openalex.org/I875825670"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davide Marano","raw_affiliation_strings":["OACT (Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania), INAF (Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica), Catania, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OACT (Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania), INAF (Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica), Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122196","https://openalex.org/I875825670"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044422028","display_name":"G. Palumbo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8011-8660"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39063666","display_name":"University of Catania","ror":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaetano Palumbo","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIEEI (Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e Informatica), University of Catania, Catania, Italy","DIEEI - Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica, Elettronica e Informatica, University of Catania, Catania, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIEEI (Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e Informatica), University of Catania, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIEEI - Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica, Elettronica e Informatica, University of Catania, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004729135","display_name":"Salvatore Pennisi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5803-484X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39063666","display_name":"University of Catania","ror":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salvatore Pennisi","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIEEI (Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e Informatica), University of Catania, Catania, Italy","DIEEI - Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica, Elettronica e Informatica, University of Catania, Catania, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIEEI (Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e Informatica), University of Catania, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIEEI - Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica, Elettronica e Informatica, University of Catania, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078615947"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.7797,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":89,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95256598,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"6","first_page":"1453","last_page":"1462"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slew-rate","display_name":"Slew rate","score":0.8066545724868774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.795689582824707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subthreshold-conduction","display_name":"Subthreshold conduction","score":0.6356549859046936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transconductance","display_name":"Transconductance","score":0.5890283584594727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.5366001129150391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.5198831558227539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitive-sensing","display_name":"Capacitive sensing","score":0.45760416984558105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.4450508654117584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.441024512052536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4288838505744934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/figure-of-merit","display_name":"Figure of merit","score":0.41581571102142334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.33130186796188354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.29338711500167847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11391288042068481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.10992884635925293}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82517063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1591315","display_name":"Slew rate","level":3,"score":0.8066545724868774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.795689582824707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156465305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1658601","display_name":"Subthreshold conduction","level":4,"score":0.6356549859046936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779283907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1632964","display_name":"Transconductance","level":4,"score":0.5890283584594727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5366001129150391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.5198831558227539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206755178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1131271","display_name":"Capacitive sensing","level":2,"score":0.45760416984558105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4450508654117584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.441024512052536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4288838505744934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130277099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3676605","display_name":"Figure of merit","level":2,"score":0.41581571102142334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.33130186796188354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.29338711500167847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11391288042068481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.10992884635925293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2015.2411796","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2015.2411796","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1524238282","https://openalex.org/W1531706543","https://openalex.org/W1536945048","https://openalex.org/W1549744172","https://openalex.org/W1576972161","https://openalex.org/W1925766216","https://openalex.org/W1964629396","https://openalex.org/W1967874754","https://openalex.org/W1977795195","https://openalex.org/W1979902309","https://openalex.org/W2004391179","https://openalex.org/W2007310580","https://openalex.org/W2007702453","https://openalex.org/W2007884330","https://openalex.org/W2016148407","https://openalex.org/W2020229741","https://openalex.org/W2021570329","https://openalex.org/W2035061364","https://openalex.org/W2054458541","https://openalex.org/W2059555657","https://openalex.org/W2067097483","https://openalex.org/W2072816683","https://openalex.org/W2081968211","https://openalex.org/W2086568432","https://openalex.org/W2089510864","https://openalex.org/W2095685157","https://openalex.org/W2096668447","https://openalex.org/W2097579177","https://openalex.org/W2100186220","https://openalex.org/W2102580073","https://openalex.org/W2104649329","https://openalex.org/W2104753550","https://openalex.org/W2114254364","https://openalex.org/W2125776391","https://openalex.org/W2130500333","https://openalex.org/W2131189523","https://openalex.org/W2131873127","https://openalex.org/W2133644852","https://openalex.org/W2146385727","https://openalex.org/W2154237706","https://openalex.org/W2155050949","https://openalex.org/W2155190990","https://openalex.org/W2157637127","https://openalex.org/W2159318368","https://openalex.org/W2160509435","https://openalex.org/W2160927075","https://openalex.org/W2161583624","https://openalex.org/W2162080503","https://openalex.org/W2162599988","https://openalex.org/W2167217451","https://openalex.org/W2167225414","https://openalex.org/W2169871047","https://openalex.org/W2170200522","https://openalex.org/W2172236250","https://openalex.org/W4238636317"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2548900738","https://openalex.org/W2366149815","https://openalex.org/W2024541028","https://openalex.org/W2155827627","https://openalex.org/W4242195200","https://openalex.org/W4235119538","https://openalex.org/W2134780641","https://openalex.org/W2083204540","https://openalex.org/W1938109932","https://openalex.org/W1984716776"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"design":[1],"methodology":[2,41],"for":[3],"three-stage":[4],"CMOS":[5,45],"OTAs":[6],"operating":[7],"in":[8,47,117,147],"the":[9,19,39,90,107,112,120,135,148],"subthreshold":[10],"region":[11],"is":[12,16,64,75,92],"presented.":[13],"The":[14],"procedure":[15],"focused":[17],"on":[18],"development":[20],"of":[21,150],"ultra-low-power":[22],"amplifiers":[23],"requiring":[24],"low":[25],"silicon":[26],"area":[27],"but":[28],"being":[29],"able":[30,76,93],"to":[31,77,83,87,94,119],"drive":[32,78],"high":[33,108],"capacitive":[34,80],"loads.":[35],"Indeed,":[36],"by":[37],"following":[38],"presented":[40],"we":[42],"designed":[43],"a":[44,48,67,79,96],"OTA":[46,91],"0.35-":[49],"\u03bcm":[50],"technology":[51],"that":[52],"occupies":[53],"only":[54],"4.4\u00b710":[55],"<sup":[56,60],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[57,61],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">-3</sup>":[58],"mm":[59],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[62],",":[63],"powered":[65],"with":[66,134,140],"1-V":[68],"supply,":[69],"exhibits":[70],"120-dB":[71],"DC":[72],"gain":[73,99],"and":[74],"load":[81,109],"up":[82],"200":[84,136],"pF.":[85],"Thanks":[86],"proposed":[88],"methodology,":[89],"provide":[95],"20-kHz":[97],"unity":[98],"bandwidth":[100],"while":[101],"consuming":[102],"195":[103],"nW,":[104],"even":[105],"under":[106],"considered.":[110],"Moreover,":[111],"slew":[113,128],"rate":[114,129],"enhancer":[115],"circuit":[116],"addition":[118],"class":[121],"AB":[122],"output":[123],"stage":[124],"allows":[125],"an":[126,144],"average":[127],"higher":[130,152],"than":[131,153],"5":[132],"mV/\u03bcs":[133],"pF":[137],"load.":[138],"Comparison":[139],"prior":[141],"art":[142],"shows":[143],"improvement":[145],"factor":[146],"figures":[149],"merit":[151],"5.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
