{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005941106","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2014.2336511","title":"Efficient ECSM Characterization Considering Voltage, Temperature, and Mechanical Stress Variability","display_name":"Efficient ECSM Characterization Considering Voltage, Temperature, and Mechanical Stress Variability","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005941106","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2014.2336511","mag":"2005941106"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2014.2336511","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2014.2336511","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060678180","display_name":"Baljit Kaur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4820-2336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154851008","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee","ror":"https://ror.org/00582g326","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154851008"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Baljit Kaur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India","Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee (India)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154851008"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee (India)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154851008"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043959897","display_name":"Naushad Alam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1636-7080"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171210897","display_name":"Aligarh Muslim University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kw9gc02","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171210897"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naushad Alam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India","Department of Electrical Engineering, University Polytechnic, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171210897"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University Polytechnic, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171210897"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059645325","display_name":"S. K. Manhas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3360-9683"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154851008","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee","ror":"https://ror.org/00582g326","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154851008"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. K. Manhas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India","Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee (India)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154851008"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee (India)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154851008"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031850929","display_name":"Anand Bulusu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3986-3730"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154851008","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee","ror":"https://ror.org/00582g326","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154851008"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bulusu Anand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India","Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee (India)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154851008"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee (India)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154851008"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060678180"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154851008"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4187,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66686907,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":"12","first_page":"3407","last_page":"3415"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-cell","display_name":"Standard cell","score":0.44942498207092285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.436013400554657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.42513924837112427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3301819860935211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2678368091583252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-circuit","display_name":"Integrated circuit","score":0.23849129676818848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.14057880640029907}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78401558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q464496","display_name":"Standard cell","level":3,"score":0.44942498207092285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.436013400554657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.42513924837112427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3301819860935211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2678368091583252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530198007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80831","display_name":"Integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.23849129676818848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.14057880640029907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2014.2336511","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2014.2336511","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1547254974","https://openalex.org/W1966127142","https://openalex.org/W1997782294","https://openalex.org/W2025012216","https://openalex.org/W2035406457","https://openalex.org/W2044857102","https://openalex.org/W2053853976","https://openalex.org/W2055212628","https://openalex.org/W2057486448","https://openalex.org/W2064730276","https://openalex.org/W2065120607","https://openalex.org/W2085505076","https://openalex.org/W2096615559","https://openalex.org/W2109163709","https://openalex.org/W2117421820","https://openalex.org/W2120693500","https://openalex.org/W2128369443","https://openalex.org/W2131862714","https://openalex.org/W2133268384","https://openalex.org/W2134067926","https://openalex.org/W2142659896","https://openalex.org/W2154680820","https://openalex.org/W2155810193","https://openalex.org/W2159398026","https://openalex.org/W2160841000","https://openalex.org/W2164843628","https://openalex.org/W4245224483","https://openalex.org/W6674340970","https://openalex.org/W6681287237","https://openalex.org/W6826483172"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2530322880"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Increasing":[0],"the":[1,61,109,112,116,122,127,169,177,217],"accuracy":[2],"of":[3,60,124,126,162,179,223,225,231,250,268],"circuit":[4],"delay":[5],"estimation":[6],"using":[7,28],"Non":[8],"Linear":[9],"Delay":[10],"Model":[11],"(NLDM)":[12],"in":[13,129,152,181,212,236,265,271],"nanometer":[14],"range":[15],"CMOS":[16,240],"technologies":[17],"is":[18,151,195],"highly":[19],"challenging.":[20],"To":[21,215],"solve":[22],"this":[23,87,166],"issue,":[24],"people":[25],"have":[26],"started":[27],"effective":[29],"current":[30,36],"source":[31,37],"model":[32,38,94,117,128,150,167,227],"(ECSM)":[33],"and":[34,77,100,115,141,168,189,229,258],"composite":[35],"(CCSM),":[39],"which":[40],"can":[41],"both":[42],"be":[43],"derived":[44,170],"from":[45],"each":[46],"other.":[47],"For":[48],"a":[49,159],"standard":[50,105],"cell,":[51],"ECSM":[52,182,272],"stores":[53],"certain":[54],"predefined":[55],"threshold":[56],"crossing":[57],"points":[58],"(TCPs)":[59],"output":[62],"voltage":[63,188,257],"waveform":[64],"with":[65,98,145,155,158,172,233,254],"respect":[66],"to":[67,175,186,208],"several":[68,198],"input":[69],"transition":[70],"time":[71],"(T":[72,130],"<sub":[73,81,131,136],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[74,82,132,137],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">R</sub>":[75,133],")":[76,84,139],"load":[78],"capacitance":[79],"(C":[80],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">l</sub>":[83,138],"values.":[85],"In":[86,201],"work,":[88],"we":[89,220],"propose":[90],"an":[91,209],"analytical":[92],"timing":[93],"relating":[95],"all":[96],"TCPs":[97],"Cl":[99],"TR":[101],"values":[102],"for":[103],"inverter":[104],"cell.":[106],"We":[107,119,164,246,261],"derive":[108,121,221,248],"relationship":[110,144],"between":[111],"cell":[113,146,173,213,234,243],"size":[114,174,235],"coefficients.":[118],"also":[120,206,247],"region":[123],"validity":[125,232],",":[134],"C":[135],"space":[140],"determine":[142],"its":[143],"size.":[147],"The":[148],"proposed":[149],"good":[153],"agreement":[154],"HSPICE":[156,269],"simulations":[157,180,270],"maximum":[160],"error":[161],"2.5%.":[163],"use":[165,262],"relationships":[171,222,249,264],"reduce":[176,216],"number":[178,267],"library":[183],"characterization.":[184],"Due":[185],"process,":[187],"on-chip":[190,255],"temperature":[191,259],"(PVT)":[192],"variation,":[193],"re-characterization":[194,273],"done":[196],"at":[197],"PVT":[199],"corners.":[200],"addition,":[202],"layout":[203,244],"dependent":[204],"effects":[205],"lead":[207],"unexpected":[210],"variation":[211,224],"performance.":[214],"characterization":[218],"effort,":[219],"our":[226,251],"coefficients":[228,253],"regions":[230],"mechanical":[237],"stress":[238],"enabled":[239],"technologies,":[241],"considering":[242],"parameters.":[245],"model's":[252],"supply":[256],"variations.":[260],"these":[263],"reducing":[266],"significantly.":[274]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}