{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2397557477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2014.2321195","title":"A <formula formulatype=\"inline\"><tex Notation=\"TeX\">$148fs_{rms}$</tex> </formula> Integrated Noise 4 MHz Bandwidth Second-Order <formula formulatype=\"inline\"> <tex Notation=\"TeX\">$\\Delta\\Sigma$</tex></formula> Time-to-Digital Converter With Gated Switched-Ring Oscillator","display_name":"A <formula formulatype=\"inline\"><tex Notation=\"TeX\">$148fs_{rms}$</tex> </formula> Integrated Noise 4 MHz Bandwidth Second-Order <formula formulatype=\"inline\"> <tex Notation=\"TeX\">$\\Delta\\Sigma$</tex></formula> Time-to-Digital Converter With Gated Switched-Ring Oscillator","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-05-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2397557477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2014.2321195","mag":"2397557477"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2014.2321195","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2014.2321195","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040200153","display_name":"Wonsik Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wonsik Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101643986","display_name":"Kwang-Seok Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3808-7629"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127325","display_name":"Broadcom (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/035gt5s03","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127325"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"KwangSeok Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Broadcom Corporation, Irvine, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Broadcom Corporation, Irvine, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127325"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040917581","display_name":"SeongHwan Cho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7938-2694"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"SeongHwan Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7035,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86983773,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":"8","first_page":"2281","last_page":"2289"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-oscillator","display_name":"Ring oscillator","score":0.6250331401824951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5840376615524292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.5238533020019531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.5145878195762634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4690172076225281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4340744614601135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4041043519973755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3275817632675171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.3264418840408325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2261562943458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1485253870487213}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104111718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2153973","display_name":"Ring oscillator","level":3,"score":0.6250331401824951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5840376615524292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.5238533020019531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.5145878195762634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4690172076225281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4340744614601135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4041043519973755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3275817632675171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.3264418840408325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2261562943458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1485253870487213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2014.2321195","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2014.2321195","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6899999976158142,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1518233821","https://openalex.org/W1524257762","https://openalex.org/W1925001955","https://openalex.org/W1979778078","https://openalex.org/W1993597884","https://openalex.org/W2016253482","https://openalex.org/W2025704154","https://openalex.org/W2037130044","https://openalex.org/W2064962291","https://openalex.org/W2096434843","https://openalex.org/W2108439882","https://openalex.org/W2109935697","https://openalex.org/W2127893475","https://openalex.org/W2134713152","https://openalex.org/W2147539712","https://openalex.org/W2166268103","https://openalex.org/W2176875671","https://openalex.org/W2212877209","https://openalex.org/W6654468519","https://openalex.org/W6679055260"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008250178","https://openalex.org/W2121982427","https://openalex.org/W2909296819","https://openalex.org/W2969289005","https://openalex.org/W1999673508","https://openalex.org/W2139891832","https://openalex.org/W2023668401","https://openalex.org/W2003183089","https://openalex.org/W2096016192","https://openalex.org/W2254651797"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,11,16,94],"second-order":[4],"\u0394\u03a3":[5],"time-to-digital":[6],"converter":[7],"(TDC)":[8],"by":[9],"using":[10,27],"switched-ring":[12,18],"oscillator":[13,19],"(SRO)":[14],"and":[15,64],"gated":[17],"(GSRO).":[20],"Unlike":[21],"conventional":[22],"multi-stage":[23],"noise-shaping":[24],"(MASH)":[25],"TDC":[26,31,54,71],"SROs,":[28],"the":[29,40,46,49,52],"proposed":[30,53],"does":[32],"not":[33],"require":[34],"complex":[35],"calibration":[36],"to":[37],"compensate":[38],"for":[39],"error":[41],"from":[42],"frequency":[43],"difference":[44],"between":[45],"oscillators.":[47],"Furthermore,":[48],"performance":[50],"of":[51],"is":[55],"analyzed,":[56],"including":[57],"non-idealities":[58],"such":[59],"as":[60],"phase":[61],"noise,":[62],"mismatch,":[63],"PVT":[65],"variations.":[66],"The":[67],"prototype":[68],"1-1":[69],"MASH":[70],"achieves":[72],"148":[73],"f":[74],"s":[75],"rms":[78],"integrated":[79],"noise":[80],"in":[81,93],"4":[82],"MHz":[83],"signal":[84],"bandwidth":[85],"at":[86],"400":[87],"MS/s":[88],"while":[89],"consuming":[90],"6.55":[91],"mW":[92],"65":[95],"nm":[96],"CMOS":[97],"process.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}