{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2075544465","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2013.2278350","title":"Effectiveness of Leakage Power Analysis Attacks on DPA-Resistant Logic Styles Under Process Variations","display_name":"Effectiveness of Leakage Power Analysis Attacks on DPA-Resistant Logic Styles Under Process Variations","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-08-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2075544465","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2013.2278350","mag":"2075544465"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2013.2278350","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2013.2278350","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052037141","display_name":"Massimo Alioto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4127-8258"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Massimo Alioto","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore, Dep. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Singapore","[Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Nat. Univ. of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore, Dep. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Nat. Univ. of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035056636","display_name":"Simone Bongiovanni","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simone Bongiovanni","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIET (Dip. Di ingegneria dell'informazione, elettronica e telecomunicazioni), Universit\u00e0 di Roma \u201cLa Sapienza,\u201d, Roma, Italy","DIET, Univ. di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIET (Dip. Di ingegneria dell'informazione, elettronica e telecomunicazioni), Universit\u00e0 di Roma \u201cLa Sapienza,\u201d, Roma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIET, Univ. di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083795304","display_name":"Milena Djukanovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9307-513X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5936373","display_name":"University of Montenegro","ror":"https://ror.org/02drrjp49","country_code":"ME","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5936373"]}],"countries":["ME"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Milena Djukanovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Montenegro, Montenegro","Fac. of Electr. Eng., Univ. of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Montenegro, Montenegro","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5936373"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fac. of Electr. Eng., Univ. of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5936373"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010336494","display_name":"Giuseppe Scotti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5650-8212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giuseppe Scotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIET (Dip. Di ingegneria dell'informazione, elettronica e telecomunicazioni), Universit\u00e0 di Roma \u201cLa Sapienza,\u201d, Roma, Italy","DIET, Univ. di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIET (Dip. Di ingegneria dell'informazione, elettronica e telecomunicazioni), Universit\u00e0 di Roma \u201cLa Sapienza,\u201d, Roma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIET, Univ. di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068452963","display_name":"Alessandro Trifiletti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6231-4273"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Trifiletti","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIET (Dip. Di ingegneria dell'informazione, elettronica e telecomunicazioni), Universit\u00e0 di Roma \u201cLa Sapienza,\u201d, Roma, Italy","DIET, Univ. di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIET (Dip. Di ingegneria dell'informazione, elettronica e telecomunicazioni), Universit\u00e0 di Roma \u201cLa Sapienza,\u201d, Roma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIET, Univ. di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052037141"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.0988,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":66,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98001084,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":"2","first_page":"429","last_page":"442"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.9641000032424927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-analysis","display_name":"Power analysis","score":0.8679414391517639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leakage","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","score":0.6260724067687988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5644457340240479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.5580419301986694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-variation","display_name":"Process variation","score":0.5195720195770264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/very-large-scale-integration","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","score":0.48008018732070923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4718116521835327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-gate","display_name":"Logic gate","score":0.4503372013568878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.44271060824394226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.4063040018081665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.40496838092803955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.30377477407455444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2903766334056854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20610132813453674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15673395991325378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11211073398590088}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71743495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2845210","display_name":"Power analysis","level":3,"score":0.8679414391517639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777042071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509304","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6260724067687988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5644457340240479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.5580419301986694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93389723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7247313","display_name":"Process variation","level":3,"score":0.5195720195770264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14580979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876049","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","level":2,"score":0.48008018732070923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4718116521835327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.4503372013568878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.44271060824394226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.4063040018081665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.40496838092803955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.30377477407455444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2903766334056854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20610132813453674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15673395991325378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11211073398590088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2013.2278350","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2013.2278350","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniroma1.it:11573/563942","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11573/563942","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196107","display_name":"IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:usiena-air.unisi.it:11365/47199","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11365/47199","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196319","display_name":"Use Siena air (University of Siena)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I102064193","host_organization_name":"University of Siena","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W89245623","https://openalex.org/W1506423869","https://openalex.org/W1549320745","https://openalex.org/W1602420333","https://openalex.org/W1607006990","https://openalex.org/W1752847028","https://openalex.org/W1796231437","https://openalex.org/W1997661122","https://openalex.org/W2042407751","https://openalex.org/W2078569392","https://openalex.org/W2086604918","https://openalex.org/W2097916567","https://openalex.org/W2105114022","https://openalex.org/W2113996606","https://openalex.org/W2126047883","https://openalex.org/W2130733986","https://openalex.org/W2133198962","https://openalex.org/W2140407027","https://openalex.org/W2144765857","https://openalex.org/W2145771994","https://openalex.org/W2149099062","https://openalex.org/W2154909745","https://openalex.org/W2154953758","https://openalex.org/W2160641164","https://openalex.org/W2169761426","https://openalex.org/W2170047587","https://openalex.org/W2171058998","https://openalex.org/W2188162208","https://openalex.org/W2542589650","https://openalex.org/W3203792929","https://openalex.org/W4231098049","https://openalex.org/W4252113077","https://openalex.org/W6603593642","https://openalex.org/W6630308244","https://openalex.org/W6635937959","https://openalex.org/W6637765701","https://openalex.org/W6637949396","https://openalex.org/W6679414413","https://openalex.org/W6679615412","https://openalex.org/W6682554491","https://openalex.org/W6687184401"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2615598724","https://openalex.org/W154749848","https://openalex.org/W2358304601","https://openalex.org/W2365182058","https://openalex.org/W4283025278","https://openalex.org/W1739870862","https://openalex.org/W2099004443","https://openalex.org/W2082432309","https://openalex.org/W817174743","https://openalex.org/W2050492524"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"extends":[2],"the":[3,6,35,43,50,58,75,87,104,115,135,139,155,167,176,179],"analysis":[4,108],"of":[5,8,37,60,69,74,117,163,169,181],"effectiveness":[7,180],"Leakage":[9],"Power":[10,25],"Analysis":[11,26],"(LPA)":[12],"attacks":[13,97,148,183],"to":[14,46,57,82,130],"cryptographic":[15],"VLSI":[16],"circuits":[17],"on":[18,76,134,154,189],"which":[19],"circuit":[20],"level":[21],"countermeasures":[22],"against":[23],"Differential":[24],"(DPA)":[27],"are":[28,195],"adopted.":[29],"Security":[30],"metrics":[31],"used":[32],"for":[33,102,138,175],"assessing":[34],"DPA-resistance":[36],"crypto":[38],"core":[39],"implementations,":[40],"such":[41],"as":[42,71],"minimum":[44],"number":[45],"disclosure":[47],"(MTD)":[48],"and":[49,95,192],"asymptotic":[51],"correlation":[52],"coefficient,":[53],"have":[54,90,98],"been":[55,65,91,99,121],"extended":[56],"case":[59],"LPA.":[61],"The":[62],"LPA-resistance":[63],"has":[64,120],"evaluated":[66],"in":[67,128,161,184],"terms":[68],"MTD":[70],"a":[72,185],"function":[73],"chip":[77,190],"noise.":[78],"Noise":[79],"variances":[80],"up":[81],"10000":[83],"times":[84],"greater":[85],"than":[86,111],"signal":[88],"variance":[89],"taken":[92,196],"into":[93,197],"account":[94],"LPA":[96,147,182],"successfully":[100,151],"executed":[101],"all":[103],"logic":[105,140,158],"styles":[106,141,159],"under":[107,142],"using":[109],"less":[110],"100000":[112],"measurements.":[113],"Moreover":[114],"role":[116],"process":[118,164,193],"variations":[119,194],"investigated":[122],"through":[123],"extensive":[124],"Monte":[125],"Carlo":[126],"simulations":[127],"order":[129],"evaluate":[131],"their":[132],"impact":[133],"leakage":[136],"model":[137],"analysis.":[143],"Results":[144],"show":[145],"that":[146],"can":[149],"be":[150],"carried":[152],"out":[153],"different":[156],"anti-DPA":[157],"even":[160],"presence":[162],"variations.":[165],"To":[166],"best":[168],"our":[170],"knowledge,":[171],"this":[172],"work":[173],"proves":[174],"first":[177],"time":[178],"real":[186],"scenario":[187],"where":[188],"noise":[191],"account.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}