{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2061528296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2013.2265966","title":"A DLL-Supported, Low Phase Noise Fractional-N PLL With a Wideband VCO and a Highly Linear Frequency Ramp Generator for FMCW Radars","display_name":"A DLL-Supported, Low Phase Noise Fractional-N PLL With a Wideband VCO and a Highly Linear Frequency Ramp Generator for FMCW Radars","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-07-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2061528296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2013.2265966","mag":"2061528296"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2013.2265966","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2013.2265966","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068910375","display_name":"Herman Jalli Ng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9685-3048"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Herman Jalli Ng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Christian Doppler Laboratory for Integrated Radar Sensors, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria","Christian Doppler Lab. for Integrated Radar Sensors, Johannes Kepler Univ., Linz, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Integrated Radar Sensors, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Christian Doppler Lab. for Integrated Radar Sensors, Johannes Kepler Univ., Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070731066","display_name":"Alexander Fischer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1737-7395"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Fischer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Christian Doppler Laboratory for Integrated Radar Sensors, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria","Christian Doppler Lab. for Integrated Radar Sensors, Johannes Kepler Univ., Linz, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Integrated Radar Sensors, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Christian Doppler Lab. for Integrated Radar Sensors, Johannes Kepler Univ., Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057408485","display_name":"Reinhard Feger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7372-6230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reinhard Feger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Christian Doppler Laboratory for Integrated Radar Sensors, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria","Christian Doppler Lab. for Integrated Radar Sensors, Johannes Kepler Univ., Linz, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Integrated Radar Sensors, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Christian Doppler Lab. for Integrated Radar Sensors, Johannes Kepler Univ., Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004483891","display_name":"Rainer Stuhlberger","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rainer Stuhlberger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Danube Integrated Circuit Engineering, Linz, Austria","Danube Integrated Circuit Eng., Linz, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Danube Integrated Circuit Engineering, Linz, Austria","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Danube Integrated Circuit Eng., Linz, Austria","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067961863","display_name":"Linus Maurer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0723-3558"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40527276","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05kkv3f82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315109972","https://openalex.org/I40527276","https://openalex.org/I4387152969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I868289433","display_name":"National Experimental University of the Armed Forces","ror":"https://ror.org/01w860d88","country_code":"VE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I868289433"]}],"countries":["DE","VE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linus Maurer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Microelectronics and Circuit Design, University of the Armed Forces Munich, Neubiberg, Germany","Inst. for Microelectron. & Circuit Design, Univ. of the Armed Forces Munich, Neubiberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Microelectronics and Circuit Design, University of the Armed Forces Munich, Neubiberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. for Microelectron. & Circuit Design, Univ. of the Armed Forces Munich, Neubiberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I868289433"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008358835","display_name":"Andreas Stelzer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8428"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Stelzer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Christian Doppler Laboratory for Integrated Radar Sensors and Institute for Communications Engineering and RF-Systems, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria","Christian Doppler Lab. for Integrated Radar Sensors & Inst. for Commun. Eng. & RF-Syst., Johannes Kepler Univ., Linz, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Integrated Radar Sensors and Institute for Communications Engineering and RF-Systems, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Christian Doppler Lab. for Integrated Radar Sensors & Inst. for Commun. Eng. & RF-Syst., Johannes Kepler Univ., Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.0009,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":52,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96591631,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"12","first_page":"3289","last_page":"3302"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12004","display_name":"Advanced Frequency and Time Standards","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.8292102813720703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-synthesizer","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","score":0.7894745469093323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","score":0.712089478969574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.6891803741455078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-digital-synthesizer","display_name":"Direct digital synthesizer","score":0.6195731163024902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-multiplier","display_name":"Frequency multiplier","score":0.5923981070518494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5810561180114746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5619022846221924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband","display_name":"Wideband","score":0.5523574352264404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pll-multibit","display_name":"PLL multibit","score":0.5450456738471985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-frequency-detector","display_name":"Phase frequency detector","score":0.4977424442768097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.37847864627838135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3239418864250183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.29640501737594604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2688100337982178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/charge-pump","display_name":"Charge pump","score":0.19936004281044006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitor","display_name":"Capacitor","score":0.1211635172367096}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.8292102813720703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182099602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2660678","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","level":4,"score":0.7894745469093323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5291336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852341","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","level":3,"score":0.712089478969574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.6891803741455078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166089067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1227465","display_name":"Direct digital synthesizer","level":5,"score":0.6195731163024902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146002875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074289","display_name":"Frequency multiplier","level":3,"score":0.5923981070518494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5810561180114746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5619022846221924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.5523574352264404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77881186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7119642","display_name":"PLL multibit","level":4,"score":0.5450456738471985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776158855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2085341","display_name":"Phase frequency detector","level":5,"score":0.4977424442768097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37847864627838135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3239418864250183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.29640501737594604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2688100337982178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114825011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q440704","display_name":"Charge pump","level":4,"score":0.19936004281044006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52192207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5322","display_name":"Capacitor","level":3,"score":0.1211635172367096}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2013.2265966","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2013.2265966","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330618","display_name":"Infineon Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/005kw6t15"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W200223740","https://openalex.org/W1513497107","https://openalex.org/W1530212982","https://openalex.org/W1596639600","https://openalex.org/W1677884181","https://openalex.org/W1999776135","https://openalex.org/W2034290464","https://openalex.org/W2058996386","https://openalex.org/W2073703261","https://openalex.org/W2100234815","https://openalex.org/W2104882285","https://openalex.org/W2106564897","https://openalex.org/W2108647531","https://openalex.org/W2134899771","https://openalex.org/W2142629786","https://openalex.org/W2143232235","https://openalex.org/W2143910708","https://openalex.org/W2149102094","https://openalex.org/W2163759867","https://openalex.org/W2180930247","https://openalex.org/W2485074729","https://openalex.org/W2542864386","https://openalex.org/W2587442922","https://openalex.org/W6608259376","https://openalex.org/W6635884114"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2093119242","https://openalex.org/W3145870900","https://openalex.org/W2769992427","https://openalex.org/W2371350995","https://openalex.org/W2393391611","https://openalex.org/W2178871507","https://openalex.org/W2353586717","https://openalex.org/W2370926499","https://openalex.org/W2117349133","https://openalex.org/W2085674059"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,153],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"a":[3,16,31,42,46,52,101,115,129,134,148],"frequency":[4,17,53,75,135,143],"synthesizer":[5,27],"for":[6,55],"frequency-modulated":[7],"continuous":[8],"wave":[9],"(FMCW)":[10],"radars,":[11],"operating":[12],"in":[13,41,88,96,104,114,158,165],"combination":[14],"with":[15,30,38],"multiplier,":[18],"at":[19],"77":[20],"GHz.":[21],"The":[22,119],"fractional-N":[23],"phase-locked":[24],"loop":[25,48],"(PLL)-based":[26],"is":[28,36,125,131,137],"equipped":[29],"wideband":[32],"voltage-controlled":[33,84],"oscillator,":[34],"which":[35],"realized":[37,113],"CMOS":[39,117],"transistors":[40],"current-reuse":[43],"technique,":[44],"and":[45,70,94,109,128,162],"delay-locked":[47],"(DLL).":[49],"Utilized":[50],"as":[51],"multiplier":[54,136],"the":[56,59,63,68,71,74,79,89,123,141,145,159,166,169],"reference":[57],"signal,":[58],"DLL":[60,90,124],"improves":[61],"both":[62],"phase":[64,107],"noise":[65,108],"performance":[66,103],"of":[67,73,83,106,122,144,151,168,171],"PLL":[69,146],"linearity":[72],"sweep":[76],"generated":[77],"by":[78,147],"PLL.":[80],"Two":[81],"types":[82],"delay":[85],"lines":[86],"used":[87,138],"are":[91],"also":[92,126],"introduced":[93],"compared":[95],"this":[97],"paper.":[98],"Both":[99],"show":[100],"good":[102],"terms":[105],"can":[110],"be":[111],"easily":[112],"standard":[116],"technology.":[118],"false-lock":[120],"issue":[121],"discussed":[127],"solution":[130],"proposed.":[132],"Furthermore,":[133],"to":[139],"multiply":[140],"output":[142],"multiplication":[149],"factor":[150],"18.":[152],"architecture":[154],"enables":[155],"an":[156,163],"increase":[157],"target":[160],"resolution":[161],"improvement":[164],"accuracy":[167],"measurements":[170],"FMCW":[172],"radars.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}