{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1979179752","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2013.2244325","title":"Settling Time and Noise Optimization of a Three-Stage Operational Transconductance Amplifier","display_name":"Settling Time and Noise Optimization of a Three-Stage Operational Transconductance Amplifier","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-03-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1979179752","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2013.2244325","mag":"1979179752"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2013.2244325","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2013.2244325","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072987937","display_name":"Siddharth Seth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4481-8504"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Siddharth Seth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA","Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029806914","display_name":"Boris Murmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3417-8782"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boris Murmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA","Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072987937"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1983,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86441482,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"5","first_page":"1168","last_page":"1174"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11522","display_name":"VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/settling-time","display_name":"Settling time","score":0.5534765124320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.5238245129585266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operational-transconductance-amplifier","display_name":"Operational transconductance amplifier","score":0.5132160186767578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transconductance","display_name":"Transconductance","score":0.4896896183490753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4771798849105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4578060805797577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45598533749580383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operational-amplifier","display_name":"Operational amplifier","score":0.4317163825035095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.39170223474502563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3217581808567047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.317268431186676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.28839391469955444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.28119951486587524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/step-response","display_name":"Step response","score":0.16610407829284668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.1176421046257019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.11683949828147888}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14781684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3983320","display_name":"Settling time","level":3,"score":0.5534765124320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.5238245129585266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58117264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1239595","display_name":"Operational transconductance amplifier","level":5,"score":0.5132160186767578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779283907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1632964","display_name":"Transconductance","level":4,"score":0.4896896183490753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4771798849105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4578060805797577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45598533749580383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145366948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178947","display_name":"Operational amplifier","level":4,"score":0.4317163825035095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.39170223474502563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3217581808567047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.317268431186676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.28839391469955444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.28119951486587524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160030872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142864","display_name":"Step response","level":2,"score":0.16610407829284668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.1176421046257019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.11683949828147888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2013.2244325","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2013.2244325","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515056303","https://openalex.org/W1521027360","https://openalex.org/W1583439921","https://openalex.org/W1972485395","https://openalex.org/W1978678774","https://openalex.org/W2021045770","https://openalex.org/W2025995062","https://openalex.org/W2053626055","https://openalex.org/W2056587553","https://openalex.org/W2081581042","https://openalex.org/W2092504306","https://openalex.org/W2106476087","https://openalex.org/W2122926224","https://openalex.org/W2127639137","https://openalex.org/W2155443327","https://openalex.org/W2167034725","https://openalex.org/W2169238252"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2970444597","https://openalex.org/W3208453442","https://openalex.org/W2101555078","https://openalex.org/W2030242368","https://openalex.org/W3138812728","https://openalex.org/W1984886993","https://openalex.org/W4285211272","https://openalex.org/W1933117611","https://openalex.org/W1987215613","https://openalex.org/W2539147500"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"the":[3,46,54,92,97,104,108,129],"design":[4,23,52],"and":[5,40,59,75,96,133,140],"optimization":[6,71,98,109,132],"of":[7,48,91,171,179],"a":[8,68,87,118,154,159,175,196],"nested-Miller":[9],"compensated,":[10],"three-stage":[11,26],"operational":[12],"transconductance":[13],"amplifier":[14,146,157],"(OTA)":[15],"for":[16,25],"use":[17],"in":[18,128,138],"switched-capacitor":[19],"(SC)":[20],"circuits.":[21],"Existing":[22],"methods":[24],"OTAs":[27],"often":[28],"lead":[29],"to":[30,115,144],"sub-optimal":[31],"solutions":[32],"because":[33,121],"they":[34],"decouple":[35],"inter-related":[36],"metrics":[37],"like":[38],"noise":[39,58,178],"settling":[41,60,169],"performance.":[42],"In":[43],"our":[44],"approach,":[45],"problem":[47],"finding":[49],"an":[50],"optimal":[51],"with":[53,117,174],"best":[55],"total":[56,176],"integrated":[57,177],"time":[61,170],"has":[62],"been":[63],"cohesively":[64],"solved":[65,101],"by":[66,86,102],"formulating":[67],"nonlinear":[69],"constrained":[70],"program.":[72],"Equality,":[73],"inequality,":[74],"semi-infinite":[76],"constraints":[77],"are":[78,126,136],"formed":[79],"using":[80,103],"closed":[81,88],"form":[82],"symbolic":[83],"expressions":[84],"obtained":[85],"loop":[89],"analysis":[90],"SC":[93],"gain":[94],"stage":[95],"program":[99],"is":[100,112],"interior-point":[105],"algorithm.":[106],"For":[107],"routine,":[110],"there":[111],"no":[113],"need":[114],"interface":[116],"circuit":[119],"simulator":[120],"all":[122],"significant":[123],"device":[124],"parasitics":[125],"included":[127],"model.":[130],"The":[131],"modeling":[134],"steps":[135],"general":[137],"nature":[139],"can":[141],"be":[142],"applied":[143],"any":[145],"or":[147],"filter":[148],"topology.":[149],"Simulation":[150],"results":[151],"show":[152],"that":[153],"90-nm":[155],"prototype":[156],"achieves":[158],"<formula":[160,181],"formulatype=\"inline\"":[161,182],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[162,183],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[163,184],"<tex":[164,185],"Notation=\"TeX\">$\\pm":[165],"0.1{\\hbox{\\%}}$</tex></formula>":[166],"dynamic":[167],"error":[168],"2.5":[172],"ns":[173],"240":[180],"Notation=\"TeX\">$\\mu":[186],"{\\rm":[187],"V}_{\\rm":[188],"rms}$</tex></formula>":[189],",":[190],"while":[191],"consuming":[192],"5.2":[193],"mW":[194],"from":[195],"1-V":[197],"power":[198],"supply.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
