{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2099523265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2009.2037850","title":"A 4 GHz Non-Resonant Clock Driver With Inductor-Assisted Energy Return to Power Grid","display_name":"A 4 GHz Non-Resonant Clock Driver With Inductor-Assisted Energy Return to Power Grid","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2099523265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2009.2037850","mag":"2099523265"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2009.2037850","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2009.2037850","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046620270","display_name":"Mehdi Alimadadi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M Alimadadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept., Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept., Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011499476","display_name":"Samad Sheikhaei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6221-7200"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Sheikhaei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept., Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept., Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071113717","display_name":"Guy Lemieux","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7924-8695"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G Lemieux","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept., Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept., Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049231448","display_name":"Shahriar Mirabbasi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8852-1633"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Mirabbasi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept., Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept., Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109139959","display_name":"W.G. Dunford","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W Dunford","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept., Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept., Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090621082","display_name":"Patrick Palmer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0736-0273"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P Palmer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","Dept of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046620270"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1764,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81657219,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":"8","first_page":"2099","last_page":"2108"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11444","display_name":"Electromagnetic Compatibility and Noise Suppression","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductor","display_name":"Inductor","score":0.6416846513748169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.6134299039840698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4609336256980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-rate","display_name":"Clock rate","score":0.44932422041893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.44761356711387634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.43648529052734375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-gating","display_name":"Clock gating","score":0.41560351848602295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.398132860660553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3452145755290985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronous-circuit","display_name":"Synchronous circuit","score":0.3173566460609436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.3058866262435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-signal","display_name":"Clock signal","score":0.27819570899009705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2290840446949005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.11829918622970581}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144534570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5325","display_name":"Inductor","level":3,"score":0.6416846513748169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.6134299039840698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4609336256980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178693496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911691","display_name":"Clock rate","level":3,"score":0.44932422041893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.44761356711387634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.43648529052734375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22716491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q590170","display_name":"Clock gating","level":5,"score":0.41560351848602295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.398132860660553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3452145755290985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42196554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1186179","display_name":"Synchronous circuit","level":4,"score":0.3173566460609436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.3058866262435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137059387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426882","display_name":"Clock signal","level":3,"score":0.27819570899009705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2290840446949005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.11829918622970581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2009.2037850","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2009.2037850","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.380.4182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.380.4182","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ece.ubc.ca/~lemieux/publications/alimadadi-tcas1-2010.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:generic.eprints.org:410684","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publications.eng.cam.ac.uk/410684/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922847","display_name":"Cambridge University Engineering Department Publications Database","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514437667","https://openalex.org/W1975331880","https://openalex.org/W1985465063","https://openalex.org/W2042151827","https://openalex.org/W2051282520","https://openalex.org/W2097203998","https://openalex.org/W2102765057","https://openalex.org/W2113059357","https://openalex.org/W2125117969","https://openalex.org/W2128128047","https://openalex.org/W2133916137","https://openalex.org/W2134890590","https://openalex.org/W2137807823","https://openalex.org/W2140560269","https://openalex.org/W2141425839","https://openalex.org/W2145071646","https://openalex.org/W2147116800","https://openalex.org/W2150547314","https://openalex.org/W2167004581","https://openalex.org/W2182862536","https://openalex.org/W2291591904","https://openalex.org/W2534510865","https://openalex.org/W2788994432","https://openalex.org/W6680938628","https://openalex.org/W6681705067"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2474747038","https://openalex.org/W4386968318","https://openalex.org/W2137310043","https://openalex.org/W2337711143","https://openalex.org/W2524911825","https://openalex.org/W1972953980","https://openalex.org/W2031867410","https://openalex.org/W2205497670","https://openalex.org/W2565835957","https://openalex.org/W1644931186"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Power":[0],"consumption":[1],"of":[2,29,92,111],"a":[3,35,45,53,56,89,112],"multi-GHz":[4],"local":[5,113],"clock":[6,38,68,106,114],"driver":[7,69,107],"is":[8,42,64,108],"reduced":[9],"by":[10],"returning":[11],"energy":[12,31,41],"stored":[13],"in":[14,44,52,66,84,103],"the":[15,21,40,67,77,101],"clock-tree":[16],"load":[17],"capacitance":[18],"back":[19],"to":[20,70],"on-chip":[22,50],"power-distribution":[23],"grid.":[24],"We":[25],"call":[26],"this":[27,104],"type":[28],"return":[30],"recycling.":[32],"To":[33],"achieve":[34],"nearly":[36],"square":[37],"waveform,":[39],"transferred":[43],"non-resonant":[46],"way":[47],"using":[48],"an":[49],"inductor":[51,102],"configuration":[54],"resembling":[55],"full-bridge":[57],"DC-DC":[58],"converter.":[59],"A":[60,81],"zero-voltage":[61],"switching":[62,79],"technique":[63],"implemented":[65,83],"reduce":[71],"dynamic":[72],"power":[73,90],"loss":[74],"associated":[75],"with":[76],"high":[78],"frequencies.":[80],"prototype":[82],"90":[85],"nm":[86],"CMOS":[87],"shows":[88],"savings":[91],"35%":[93],"at":[94],"4":[95],"GHz.":[96],"The":[97],"area":[98],"needed":[99],"for":[100],"new":[105],"about":[109],"6%":[110],"region.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}