{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2080251928","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2009.2018922","title":"A Low-Offset Low-Noise Sigma-Delta Modulator With Pseudorandom Chopper-Stabilization Technique","display_name":"A Low-Offset Low-Noise Sigma-Delta Modulator With Pseudorandom Chopper-Stabilization Technique","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-03-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2080251928","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2009.2018922","mag":"2080251928"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2009.2018922","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2009.2018922","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023916437","display_name":"Hsin\u2010Liang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-5086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107470533","display_name":"Tamkang University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tft4718","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107470533"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hsin-Liang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Tamkang University, Taipei, Taiwan","Dept. of Electr. Eng., TamKang Univ., Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Tamkang University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107470533"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng., TamKang Univ., Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107470533"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087177302","display_name":"Po-Sheng Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107470533","display_name":"Tamkang University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tft4718","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107470533"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Po-Sheng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Tamkang University, Taipei, Taiwan","Dept. of Electr. Eng., TamKang Univ., Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Tamkang University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107470533"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng., TamKang Univ., Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107470533"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025986552","display_name":"Jen\u2010Shiun Chiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7536-8967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107470533","display_name":"Tamkang University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tft4718","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107470533"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jen-Shiun Chiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Tamkang University, Taipei, Taiwan","Dept. of Electr. Eng., TamKang Univ., Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Tamkang University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107470533"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng., TamKang Univ., Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107470533"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107470533"],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9847,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7601913,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"12","first_page":"2533","last_page":"2543"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chopper","display_name":"Chopper","score":0.941295325756073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.7068742513656616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudorandom-number-generator","display_name":"Pseudorandom number generator","score":0.6065444350242615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5390381813049316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delta-sigma-modulation","display_name":"Delta-sigma modulation","score":0.5320512056350708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-range","display_name":"Dynamic range","score":0.4517308473587036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.4230911433696747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3755432069301605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3733437657356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3519100546836853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.33207324147224426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.3213391602039337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.30327218770980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.283491313457489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.2750580310821533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24935492873191833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2321907877922058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10491535067558289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.09117427468299866}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780191706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191658","display_name":"Chopper","level":3,"score":0.941295325756073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.7068742513656616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140642157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1623338","display_name":"Pseudorandom number generator","level":2,"score":0.6065444350242615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5390381813049316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68754193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184820","display_name":"Delta-sigma modulation","level":3,"score":0.5320512056350708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87133666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161699","display_name":"Dynamic range","level":2,"score":0.4517308473587036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.4230911433696747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3755432069301605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3733437657356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3519100546836853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.33207324147224426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3213391602039337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.30327218770980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.283491313457489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2750580310821533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24935492873191833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2321907877922058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10491535067558289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.09117427468299866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsi.2009.2018922","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2009.2018922","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116977442","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","issn_l":"1549-8328","issn":["1549-8328","1558-0806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw:987654321/127318","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/127318","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922698","display_name":"Tamkang University Institutional Repository (TKUIR)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw:987654321/60982","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/60982","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922698","display_name":"Tamkang University Institutional Repository (TKUIR)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7200000286102295,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1598172883","https://openalex.org/W1602282536","https://openalex.org/W1831511162","https://openalex.org/W1925461521","https://openalex.org/W1960019464","https://openalex.org/W1984040681","https://openalex.org/W1998284495","https://openalex.org/W2070731140","https://openalex.org/W2080361691","https://openalex.org/W2082670617","https://openalex.org/W2092917193","https://openalex.org/W2101556294","https://openalex.org/W2102634163","https://openalex.org/W2111768972","https://openalex.org/W2112611349","https://openalex.org/W2115380504","https://openalex.org/W2125257084","https://openalex.org/W2134870597","https://openalex.org/W2147630201","https://openalex.org/W2166307883","https://openalex.org/W2166948256","https://openalex.org/W2172125529","https://openalex.org/W4237500539","https://openalex.org/W4248827071","https://openalex.org/W4301627548"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3164688829","https://openalex.org/W2398344325","https://openalex.org/W2181932742","https://openalex.org/W2378750051","https://openalex.org/W2090846350","https://openalex.org/W2080251928","https://openalex.org/W2164709375","https://openalex.org/W2146668635","https://openalex.org/W753614431","https://openalex.org/W2147321738"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,63,76,93],"low-offset":[4],"low-noise":[5],"sigma-delta":[6],"modulator":[7,45],"with":[8,18],"pseudorandom":[9,72],"chopper-stabilization":[10,24,73,89],"technique.":[11,109],"The":[12],"comparison":[13],"of":[14,32,49,55,87,104],"the":[15,19,29,41,44,68,71,88,105],"noise-cancellation":[16],"ability":[17],"correlated":[20,106],"double":[21,107],"sampling":[22,108],"and":[23,38,52,91],"techniques":[25,35],"is":[26,36,81,98],"demonstrated;":[27],"also,":[28],"noise":[30,56,95],"performance":[31],"these":[33],"cancellation":[34],"observed":[37],"discussed.":[39],"Using":[40],"proposed":[42],"technique,":[43,90],"achieves":[46],"92":[47],"dB":[48,54,83,100],"dynamic":[50],"range":[51],"-135":[53],"floor":[57,96],"while":[58],"consuming":[59],"950":[60],"\u00bfW":[61],"from":[62],"3-V":[64],"supply.":[65],"Based":[66],"on":[67],"experimental":[69],"results,":[70],"technique":[74],"has":[75],"DC":[77],"offset":[78],"voltage":[79],"that":[80,86,97,103],"6":[82],"lower":[84,101],"than":[85,102],"retains":[92],"thermal":[94],"1.6":[99]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
