{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130692664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2026.3666674","title":"Optimal Batch-Size Control for Low-Latency Federated Learning With Device Heterogeneity","display_name":"Optimal Batch-Size Control for Low-Latency Federated Learning With Device Heterogeneity","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130692664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2026.3666674"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2026.3666674","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2026.3666674","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126476913","display_name":"Huiling Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huiling Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3106-5820","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhanwei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6403-1429"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhanwei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6403-1429","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126509818","display_name":"Kaibin Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaibin Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8773-4629","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.5563,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98252257,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":null,"first_page":"5232","last_page":"5247"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.8668000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.8668000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.015300000086426735,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.014499999582767487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.6237999796867371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5629000067710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5415999889373779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minification","display_name":"Minification","score":0.5221999883651733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.4887000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.43779999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.39890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.3928000032901764}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.6237999796867371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5629000067710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5415999889373779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.5221999883651733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5109000205993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4887000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.43779999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.39890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.3928000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992525071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50818671","display_name":"Federated learning","level":2,"score":0.34950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.3483000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91575142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971426","display_name":"Optimal control","level":2,"score":0.3221000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.3084999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.301800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.30140000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46637626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6693015","display_name":"Low latency (capital markets)","level":2,"score":0.2930999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.2712000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779582901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21013010","display_name":"Distributed learning","level":2,"score":0.2590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.25519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2508000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107464732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235781","display_name":"Adaptive control","level":3,"score":0.25060001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.25049999356269836}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2026.3666674","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2026.3666674","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"<italic":[0,16,40,93,117],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[1,17,41,94,97,118,135,244],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Federated":[2],"learning</i>":[3],"(FL)":[4],"has":[5],"emerged":[6],"as":[7,138],"a":[8,36,108,132],"popular":[9],"approach":[10,204],"for":[11,111,164,194],"collaborative":[12],"machine":[13],"learning":[14,70,121],"in":[15,92,153,168],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">sixth-generation</i>":[18],"(6G)":[19],"networks,":[20],"primarily":[21],"due":[22],"to":[23,34,130,200,211],"its":[24],"privacy-preserving":[25],"capabilities.":[26],"The":[27,52,126,175],"deployment":[28],"of":[29,39,57,63,82,150,160,178],"FL":[30,65,76,154],"algorithms":[31],"is":[32,128,181],"expected":[33],"empower":[35],"wide":[37],"range":[38],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Internet-of-Things</i>":[42],"(IoT)":[43],"applications,":[44],"e.g.,":[45],"autonomous":[46],"driving,":[47],"augmented":[48],"reality,":[49],"and":[50,54,84,89,155,172,191,215],"healthcare.":[51],"mission-critical":[53],"time-sensitive":[55],"nature":[56],"these":[58,104],"applications":[59],"necessitates":[60],"the":[61,80,90,148,158,230,242],"design":[62],"low-latency":[64,75],"frameworks":[66],"that":[67,115,229,238],"guarantee":[68],"high":[69],"performance.":[71],"In":[72],"practice,":[73],"achieving":[74],"faces":[77],"two":[78,206],"challenges:":[79],"overhead":[81],"computing":[83],"transmitting":[85],"high-dimensional":[86],"model":[87],"updates,":[88],"heterogeneity":[91],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">communication-and-computation</i>":[95],"(C<sup":[96],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>)":[98],"capabilities":[99],"across":[100],"devices.":[101],"To":[102],"address":[103],"challenges,":[105],"we":[106,184],"propose":[107],"novel-aware":[109],"framework":[110,127],"optimal":[112],"batch-size":[113,207,235],"control":[114,208],"minimizes":[116],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">end-to-end</i>":[119],"(E2E)":[120],"latency":[122,179],"while":[123,218],"ensuring":[124],"convergence.":[125],"designed":[129],"balance":[131],"fundamental":[133],"C<sup":[134,243],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[136,245],"tradeoff":[137,246],"revealed":[139],"through":[140],"convergence":[141,195],"analysis.":[142],"Specifically,":[143],"increasing":[144],"batch":[145],"sizes":[146],"improves":[147],"accuracy":[149],"gradient":[151],"estimation":[152],"thus":[156],"reduces":[157],"number":[159],"communication":[161],"rounds":[162],"required":[163],"convergence,":[165],"but":[166],"results":[167],"higher":[169],"per-round":[170],"latency,":[171],"vice":[173],"versa.":[174],"associated":[176],"problem":[177],"minimization":[180],"intractable;":[182],"however,":[183],"solve":[185],"it":[186],"by":[187],"designing":[188],"an":[189],"accurate":[190],"tractable":[192],"surrogate":[193],"speed,":[196],"with":[197,213],"parameters":[198],"fitted":[199],"real":[201,226],"data.":[202],"This":[203],"yields":[205],"strategies":[209,232],"tailored":[210],"scenarios":[212],"slow":[214],"fast":[216],"fading,":[217],"also":[219],"accommodating":[220],"device":[221,248],"heterogeneity.":[222,249],"Extensive":[223],"experiments":[224],"using":[225],"datasets":[227],"demonstrate":[228],"proposed":[231],"outperform":[233],"conventional":[234],"adaptation":[236],"schemes":[237],"do":[239],"not":[240],"consider":[241],"or":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-02-21T00:00:00"}