{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416114112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3631568","title":"Block Markov Superposition Transmission of Non-Uniform <i>Q</i> -Ary Sources","display_name":"Block Markov Superposition Transmission of Non-Uniform <i>Q</i> -Ary Sources","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416114112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3631568"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2025.3631568","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3631568","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003311592","display_name":"Yinchu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6617-6330"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yinchu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology, and the MoE Key Laboratory of Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology, and MoE Key Laboratory of Information Technology (No. 2023B1212060026), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology, and the MoE Key Laboratory of Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology, and MoE Key Laboratory of Information Technology (No. 2023B1212060026), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Qianli Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2684-4606"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111950717","display_name":"Macau University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03jqs2n27","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111950717","https://openalex.org/I4391767947"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qianli Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111950717"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019264144","display_name":"Zhishuo Mo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3756-8578"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaohao Mo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology, and the MoE Key Laboratory of Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology, and MoE Key Laboratory of Information Technology (No. 2023B1212060026), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology, and the MoE Key Laboratory of Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology, and MoE Key Laboratory of Information Technology (No. 2023B1212060026), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107947274","display_name":"Xiangping Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8422-8094"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangping Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology, and the MoE Key Laboratory of Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology, and MoE Key Laboratory of Information Technology (No. 2023B1212060026), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology, and the MoE Key Laboratory of Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology, and MoE Key Laboratory of Information Technology (No. 2023B1212060026), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057620799","display_name":"Xiao Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6617-1978"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology, and the MoE Key Laboratory of Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology, and MoE Key Laboratory of Information Technology (No. 2023B1212060026), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology, and the MoE Key Laboratory of Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology, and MoE Key Laboratory of Information Technology (No. 2023B1212060026), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003311592"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.38185751,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":null,"first_page":"886","last_page":"898"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.44359999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.44359999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.18690000474452972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.1509999930858612,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable-length-code","display_name":"Variable-length code","score":0.7556999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shannon\u2013fano-coding","display_name":"Shannon\u2013Fano coding","score":0.5325999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tunstall-coding","display_name":"Tunstall coding","score":0.5223000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.490200012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-code","display_name":"Block code","score":0.48240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.4510999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superposition-principle","display_name":"Superposition principle","score":0.4327999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-process","display_name":"Markov process","score":0.39959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.3878999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-compression","display_name":"Data compression","score":0.37720000743865967}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60603091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2981616","display_name":"Variable-length code","level":3,"score":0.7556999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6808000206947327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130811719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2645","display_name":"Shannon\u2013Fano coding","level":4,"score":0.5325999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73231260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7853376","display_name":"Tunstall coding","level":4,"score":0.5223000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.490200012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157125643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884707","display_name":"Block code","level":3,"score":0.48240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.4510999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27753989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284885","display_name":"Superposition principle","level":2,"score":0.4327999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.39959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.3878999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78548338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2493","display_name":"Data compression","level":2,"score":0.37720000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.37529999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.37439998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.3732999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63435697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864135","display_name":"Binary code","level":3,"score":0.35569998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.3237999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175732694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128713","display_name":"Context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding","level":3,"score":0.3163999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202932441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55611017","display_name":"Forward error correction","level":3,"score":0.3154999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135534801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128721","display_name":"Context-adaptive variable-length coding","level":4,"score":0.2944999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557945733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Data transmission","level":2,"score":0.29319998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.2874000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.2849000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161765866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184748","display_name":"Codec","level":2,"score":0.28029999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190750250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13533439","display_name":"Coding tree unit","level":3,"score":0.2791000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.27799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76862118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1105671","display_name":"Coding gain","level":3,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98526533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1691938","display_name":"Sub-band coding","level":3,"score":0.2678999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169805256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361381","display_name":"Transform coding","level":4,"score":0.2678000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163836022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6771326","display_name":"Markov model","level":3,"score":0.26589998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105344744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q958957","display_name":"Spread spectrum","level":3,"score":0.2526000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2400350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1752667","display_name":"Linear code","level":4,"score":0.25200000405311584}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2025.3631568","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3631568","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2927535782","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62471506","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3673891818","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFA1000500","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W129041085","https://openalex.org/W1969024111","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W2046419776","https://openalex.org/W2051888076","https://openalex.org/W2060108852","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2102373785","https://openalex.org/W2107745473","https://openalex.org/W2108742720","https://openalex.org/W2122962290","https://openalex.org/W2130032292","https://openalex.org/W2145953267","https://openalex.org/W2155995390","https://openalex.org/W2160567110","https://openalex.org/W2792557392","https://openalex.org/W2906955189","https://openalex.org/W3034663452","https://openalex.org/W3161482222","https://openalex.org/W3170982283","https://openalex.org/W3213346980","https://openalex.org/W4226289487","https://openalex.org/W4285290886","https://openalex.org/W4307855351","https://openalex.org/W4312924540","https://openalex.org/W4385731815","https://openalex.org/W4404915384","https://openalex.org/W4411055493","https://openalex.org/W4415367685"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,30],"propose":[4,31],"a":[5,37,44,109,131,165],"fixed-to-fixed":[6],"length":[7],"coding":[8,35,42,50,62,101,128],"approach":[9,153],"to":[10,54,82,168],"near-lossless":[11],"compression":[12],"by":[13,108,137],"leveraging":[14],"block":[15],"Markov":[16],"superposition":[17],"transmission":[18,174],"(BMST)":[19],"of":[20,86,98,134],"generalized":[21],"Reed-Solomon":[22],"(GRS)":[23],"codes.":[24],"To":[25],"compress":[26],"non-uniform":[27,159],"non-binary":[28,77],"sources,":[29],"two":[32],"schemes:":[33],"multi-level":[34,49],"with":[36,43,79,91,130],"natural":[38,71],"mapper":[39,45,72],"and":[40,73,172],"single-level":[41,61],"called":[46],"sparsifier.":[47],"The":[48],"can":[51,113,121,152],"be":[52,114,122],"proved":[53],"achieve":[55],"the":[56,60,70,74,94,99,104,118,139,143,149,154,173],"source":[57],"entropy,":[58],"while":[59,141],"is":[63,102],"more":[64],"suitable":[65],"for":[66,157],"practical":[67],"use.":[68],"Both":[69],"sparsifier":[75],"map":[76],"symbols":[78],"higher":[80],"probability":[81],"sparser":[83],"binary":[84],"vectors":[85],"fixed":[87],"length.":[88],"When":[89],"compared":[90],"variable-length":[92],"coding,":[93],"most":[95],"distinguished":[96],"feature":[97],"proposed":[100,119,150],"that":[103,148],"error":[105],"propagation":[106],"caused":[107],"few":[110],"erroneous":[111],"bits":[112],"controlled.":[115],"Even":[116],"more,":[117],"scheme":[120],"easily":[123],"extended":[124],"as":[125],"joint":[126],"source-channel":[127],"(JSCC)":[129],"wide":[132],"range":[133],"code":[135],"rates":[136],"fixing":[138],"input":[140],"lengthening":[142],"output.":[144],"Numerical":[145],"results":[146],"show":[147],"codes":[151],"Shannon":[155],"limits":[156],"transmitting":[158],"sources":[160],"over":[161],"noisy":[162],"channels,":[163],"providing":[164],"universal":[166],"way":[167],"trade":[169],"off":[170],"bandwidth":[171],"power.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-11-11T00:00:00"}