{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414603553","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3615770","title":"Tracking and Positioning Dynamic Targets in VLC: Signal Dependent Noises and Bayesian Bound Analysis","display_name":"Tracking and Positioning Dynamic Targets in VLC: Signal Dependent Noises and Bayesian Bound Analysis","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414603553","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3615770"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2025.3615770","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3615770","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039439594","display_name":"Sara H. ElFar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3194-9191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72541430","display_name":"Lakehead University","ror":"https://ror.org/023p7mg82","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sara H. Elfar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3194-9191","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017936742","display_name":"Maysa Yaseen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5097-3132"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72541430","display_name":"Lakehead University","ror":"https://ror.org/023p7mg82","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maysa Yaseen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada","department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5097-3132","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088692076","display_name":"Salama Ikki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3868-4447"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72541430","display_name":"Lakehead University","ror":"https://ror.org/023p7mg82","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salama Ikki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada","department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3868-4447","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.24379552,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"12","first_page":"14783","last_page":"14796"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10640","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","score":0.7552000284194946,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10640","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","score":0.7552000284194946,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.6723999977111816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.6273000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.5774000287055969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.5461000204086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5328999757766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visible-light-communication","display_name":"Visible light communication","score":0.45669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.4343000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-filter","display_name":"Particle filter","score":0.40630000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-measurement","display_name":"Noise measurement","score":0.39750000834465027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.6723999977111816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.6273000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.5774000287055969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.5461000204086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5328999757766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4975999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4747999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160487672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426313","display_name":"Visible light communication","level":3,"score":0.45669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.4343000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52421305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151499","display_name":"Particle filter","level":3,"score":0.40630000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29265498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7047719","display_name":"Noise measurement","level":3,"score":0.39750000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.3781000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4978587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138810","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound","level":3,"score":0.364300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.36419999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.35120001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40343088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3059012","display_name":"Recursive Bayesian estimation","level":3,"score":0.33889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32283439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407014","display_name":"Radar tracker","level":3,"score":0.3246999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154586513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4420972","display_name":"Tracking system","level":3,"score":0.3183000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778603505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Positioning system","level":3,"score":0.3116999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206833254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421817","display_name":"Extended Kalman filter","level":3,"score":0.29420000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68022304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q842217","display_name":"Bayes estimator","level":3,"score":0.28189998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.27129998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160234255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812535","display_name":"Bayesian inference","level":3,"score":0.26440000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.25839999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2524000108242035}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2025.3615770","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3615770","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965392255","https://openalex.org/W1992032065","https://openalex.org/W1998801215","https://openalex.org/W2221583060","https://openalex.org/W2334810269","https://openalex.org/W2516354683","https://openalex.org/W2523122228","https://openalex.org/W2556347567","https://openalex.org/W2612961076","https://openalex.org/W2767215311","https://openalex.org/W2768248790","https://openalex.org/W2790374560","https://openalex.org/W2802162059","https://openalex.org/W2900679064","https://openalex.org/W2936244002","https://openalex.org/W2966974912","https://openalex.org/W2969878136","https://openalex.org/W2969923213","https://openalex.org/W3021525650","https://openalex.org/W3034599187","https://openalex.org/W3041041909","https://openalex.org/W3084528693","https://openalex.org/W3101674493","https://openalex.org/W3113620939","https://openalex.org/W3128707666","https://openalex.org/W3134335207","https://openalex.org/W3217220235","https://openalex.org/W4200634239","https://openalex.org/W4309325344","https://openalex.org/W4311214960","https://openalex.org/W4312921088","https://openalex.org/W4320803094","https://openalex.org/W4321380876","https://openalex.org/W4323793963","https://openalex.org/W4379409085","https://openalex.org/W4381232936","https://openalex.org/W4381785948","https://openalex.org/W4383890536","https://openalex.org/W4385945499","https://openalex.org/W4385992032","https://openalex.org/W4386766731","https://openalex.org/W4392397397","https://openalex.org/W4393108830","https://openalex.org/W4399292945","https://openalex.org/W4400188705","https://openalex.org/W4400646697","https://openalex.org/W4401114477","https://openalex.org/W4401634289","https://openalex.org/W4403021858","https://openalex.org/W4404846527"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,27,104,138,157],"problem":[4],"of":[5,29,106,159],"position":[6,67],"estimation":[7,90],"and":[8,34,146,161],"tracking":[9,128],"in":[10,44],"indoor":[11,148],"visible":[12],"light":[13,107],"communication":[14],"(VLC)":[15],"systems":[16],"under":[17],"a":[18,50,54,122],"multiple-input":[19],"single-output":[20],"(MISO)":[21],"configuration.":[22],"The":[23,69,132],"study":[24],"specifically":[25],"addresses":[26],"impact":[28],"signal-dependent":[30],"shot":[31],"noise":[32,37],"(SDSN)":[33],"relative":[35],"intensity":[36],"(RIN),":[38],"which":[39],"significantly":[40],"degrade":[41],"localization":[42,77],"accuracy":[43,78,129],"practical":[45],"VLC":[46],"scenarios.":[47],"To":[48],"establish":[49],"theoretical":[51],"performance":[52,134],"benchmark,":[53],"novel":[55],"closed-form":[56],"Bayesian":[57],"Cram\u00e9r-Rao":[58],"lower":[59],"bound":[60],"(BCRLB)":[61],"is":[62,135],"derived":[63],"for":[64,82,144],"two-dimensional":[65],"(2D)":[66],"estimation.":[68],"proposed":[70,139],"extended":[71],"Kalman":[72],"filter":[73],"(EKF)":[74],"demonstrates":[75],"superior":[76],"by":[79],"effectively":[80],"accounting":[81],"motion":[83],"dynamics":[84],"through":[85],"its":[86,142],"recursive":[87],"updates,":[88],"unlike":[89],"methods":[91],"that":[92,102,119],"rely":[93],"solely":[94],"on":[95,127],"noisy":[96],"distance":[97],"measurements.":[98],"Our":[99],"findings":[100],"show":[101],"increasing":[103],"number":[105],"sources":[108],"improves":[109],"spatial":[110],"diversity,":[111],"thereby":[112],"enhancing":[113],"positioning":[114,164],"precision.":[115],"Furthermore,":[116],"analysis":[117],"indicates":[118],"RIN":[120],"has":[121],"more":[123],"pronounced":[124],"negative":[125],"effect":[126],"than":[130],"SDSN.":[131],"EKF\u2019s":[133],"validated":[136],"against":[137],"BCRLB,":[140],"confirming":[141],"suitability":[143],"real-time":[145],"reliable":[147],"localization.":[149],"Overall,":[150],"this":[151],"work":[152],"provides":[153],"meaningful":[154],"insights":[155],"into":[156],"design":[158],"robust":[160],"efficient":[162],"VLC-based":[163],"systems.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-25T23:11:45.687758","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}