{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414008967","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3606641","title":"Efficient STAR-RIS Mode for Energy Minimization in WPT-FL Networks With NOMA","display_name":"Efficient STAR-RIS Mode for Energy Minimization in WPT-FL Networks With NOMA","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414008967","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3606641"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2025.3606641","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3606641","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.13441","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036329943","display_name":"MohammadHossein Alishahi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3199-4373"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43406934","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Laval","ror":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43406934"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MohammadHossein Alishahi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laval University, Qu&#x00E9;bec City, QC, Canada","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, CA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3199-4373","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laval University, Qu&#x00E9;bec City, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43406934"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43406934"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073353495","display_name":"Ming Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8446-9225"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43406934","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Laval","ror":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43406934"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laval University, Qu&#x00E9;bec City, QC, Canada","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, CA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8446-9225","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laval University, Qu&#x00E9;bec City, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43406934"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43406934"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071953487","display_name":"Paul Fortier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7368-9484"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43406934","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Laval","ror":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43406934"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Fortier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laval University, Qu&#x00E9;bec City, QC, Canada","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, CA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7368-9484","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laval University, Qu&#x00E9;bec City, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43406934"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43406934"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035909356","display_name":"Omer Waqar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1787-7100"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170606269","display_name":"University of the Fraser Valley","ror":"https://ror.org/04h6w7946","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170606269"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omer Waqar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, BC, Canada","School of Computing, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, BC, CA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1787-7100","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170606269"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, BC, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170606269"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101938610","display_name":"Muhammad Hanif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1645-7083"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160262251","display_name":"Thompson Rivers University","ror":"https://ror.org/01v9wj339","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160262251"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Hanif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, BC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1645-7083","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160262251"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007992576","display_name":"Dinh Thai Hoang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9528-0863"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dinh Thai Hoang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9528-0863","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100697893","display_name":"Diep N. Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2659-8648"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diep N. Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2659-8648","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062525719","display_name":"Quoc\u2010Viet Pham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9485-9216"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Quoc-Viet Pham","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9485-9216","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.19177053,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"12","first_page":"15583","last_page":"15598"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11873","display_name":"PAPR reduction in OFDM","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noma","display_name":"Noma","score":0.7810337543487549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minification","display_name":"Minification","score":0.5581520199775696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5113365054130554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.510017454624176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4815581142902374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.42012345790863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3702690005302429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3352828621864319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2951670289039612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2795451283454895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.252677321434021}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775918612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q994794","display_name":"Noma","level":3,"score":0.7810337543487549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.5581520199775696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5113365054130554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.510017454624176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4815581142902374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.42012345790863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3702690005302429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3352828621864319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2951670289039612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2795451283454895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.252677321434021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2025.3606641","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3606641","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2509.13441","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13441","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.13441","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2509.13441","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13441","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.13441","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3030525848","https://openalex.org/W4385197910","https://openalex.org/W2340639785","https://openalex.org/W4404253608","https://openalex.org/W3010814398","https://openalex.org/W4385197899","https://openalex.org/W3005957545","https://openalex.org/W2076432172","https://openalex.org/W4309235375","https://openalex.org/W2867161528"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,56,68,99,114,119,209,211,218,246,256,261,277],"massive":[2],"deployment":[3],"of":[4,6,124],"Internet":[5],"Things":[7],"(IoT)":[8],"devices":[9],"in":[10,107,118,145,171,270],"sixth-generation":[11],"networks,":[12,110],"several":[13],"critical":[14],"challenges":[15,53],"have":[16],"emerged,":[17],"such":[18],"as":[19],"large":[20,59],"communication":[21,106],"overhead,":[22],"coverage":[23,83],"limitations,":[24],"and":[25,45,66,77,104,121,167,174,186,192,198,226,252,273,283,294],"limited":[26],"battery":[27],"lifespan":[28],"due":[29,287],"to":[30,72,86,134,288],"high":[31],"energy":[32,64,91,136,156,164,279],"consumption.":[33],"Federated":[34],"learning":[35],"(FL),":[36],"wireless":[37],"power":[38,187],"transfer":[39],"(WPT),":[40],"multi-antenna":[41,127],"access":[42,133],"point":[43],"(AP),":[44],"reconfigurable":[46],"intelligent":[47],"surfaces":[48],"(RIS)":[49],"can":[50],"mitigate":[51],"these":[52],"by":[54,98],"reducing":[55],"need":[57,100],"for":[58,101,159,188,201],"data":[60],"transmissions,":[61],"enabling":[62],"sustainable":[63],"harvesting,":[65,189],"optimizing":[67],"propagation":[69],"environment.":[70],"Compared":[71],"conventional":[73,284],"RIS,":[74],"simultaneously":[75],"transmitting":[76],"reflecting":[78],"(STAR)-RIS":[79],"not":[80],"only":[81],"extends":[82],"from":[84],"half-space":[85],"full-space":[87],"but":[88],"also":[89],"improves":[90],"saving":[92],"through":[93],"appropriate":[94],"mode":[95,117],"selection.":[96],"Motivated":[97],"sustainable,":[102],"low-latency,":[103],"energy-efficient":[105],"large-scale":[108],"IoT":[109],"this":[111],"paper":[112],"investigates":[113],"efficient":[115],"STAR-RIS":[116,161,179,222,269],"uplink":[120,173,190,272],"downlink":[122,175,193,274],"phases":[123,232],"a":[125,138,154],"WPT-FL":[126,231],"AP":[128],"network":[129],"with":[130],"non-orthogonal":[131],"multiple":[132],"minimize":[135],"consumption,":[137,280],"joint":[139],"optimization":[140],"that":[141,267],"remains":[142],"largely":[143],"unexplored":[144],"existing":[146],"works":[147],"on":[148],"RIS":[149,285],"or":[150,241,260],"STAR-RIS.":[151],"We":[152],"formulate":[153],"non-convex":[155],"minimization":[157],"problem":[158,212],"different":[160],"modes,":[162],"i.e.,":[163],"splitting":[165],"(ES)":[166],"time":[168,185],"switching":[169],"(TS),":[170],"both":[172,271],"transmission":[176],"phases,":[177],"where":[178],"phase":[180,223,291],"shift":[181,224,292],"vectors,":[182],"beamforming":[183,227],"matrices,":[184],"transmission,":[191,194],"local":[195],"processing":[196],"time,":[197,250],"computation":[199,253],"frequency":[200,254],"each":[202],"user":[203],"are":[204],"jointly":[205],"optimized.":[206],"To":[207],"tackle":[208],"non-convexity,":[210],"is":[213],"decoupled":[214],"into":[215],"two":[216],"subproblems:":[217],"first":[219],"subproblem":[220],"optimizes":[221],"vectors":[225],"matrices":[228],"across":[229],"all":[230],"using":[233],"block":[234],"coordinate":[235],"descent":[236],"over":[237],"either":[238],"semi-definite":[239],"programming":[240],"Rayleigh":[242],"quotient":[243],"problems,":[244],"while":[245],"second":[247],"one":[248],"allocates":[249],"power,":[251],"via":[255],"one-dimensional":[257],"search":[258],"algorithms":[259],"bisection":[262],"algorithm.":[263],"Simulation":[264],"results":[265],"demonstrate":[266],"TS":[268],"transmissions":[275],"achieves":[276],"lowest":[278],"outperforming":[281],"ES":[282],"schemes":[286],"its":[289],"flexible":[290],"adaptation":[293],"lower":[295],"interference":[296],"levels.":[297]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-26T23:08:49.675405","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
