{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412837231","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3594766","title":"Beacon-Based Time Synchronization Protocol Design for Layered Ultraviolet Communication Network","display_name":"Beacon-Based Time Synchronization Protocol Design for Layered Ultraviolet Communication Network","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412837231","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3594766"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2025.3594766","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3594766","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031753981","display_name":"Yuchen Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9260-4562"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuchen Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","School of Information Science and Technology, key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100759522","display_name":"Fei Long","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7173-9461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Long","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","School of Information Science and Technology, key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7173-9461","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017967279","display_name":"Yubo Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3986-3279"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yubo Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","School of Information Science and Technology, key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3986-3279","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101437246","display_name":"Shihui Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8682-536X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shihui Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","School of Information Science and Technology, key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8682-536X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006061735","display_name":"Junfan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6807-0089"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113138","display_name":"Guangzhou Automobile Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/026fzn952","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113138"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junfan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangzhou Haige Communications Group Incorporated Company, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China","Guangzhou Haige Communications Group Incorporated Company, Guangzhou, Guang Dong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangzhou Haige Communications Group Incorporated Company, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113138"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangzhou Haige Communications Group Incorporated Company, Guangzhou, Guang Dong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113138"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100679028","display_name":"Chen Gong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7150-0024"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","School of Information Science and Technology, key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7150-0024","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072373301","display_name":"Zhengyuan Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9075-8875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengyuan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","School of Information Science and Technology, key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9075-8875","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031753981"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3517,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84155996,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"12","first_page":"14668","last_page":"14681"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9825000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.982200026512146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6577876806259155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.5729500651359558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5313735008239746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.5237788558006287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-synchronization","display_name":"Time synchronization","score":0.49876832962036133}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6577876806259155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.5729500651359558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5313735008239746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.5237788558006287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986737936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058791","display_name":"Time synchronization","level":2,"score":0.49876832962036133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2025.3594766","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3594766","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G438436633","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62331024","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1580547612","https://openalex.org/W1982892759","https://openalex.org/W1990642266","https://openalex.org/W2022725509","https://openalex.org/W2058533888","https://openalex.org/W2085772550","https://openalex.org/W2098897082","https://openalex.org/W2104581418","https://openalex.org/W2107016625","https://openalex.org/W2109826211","https://openalex.org/W2152314397","https://openalex.org/W2152747221","https://openalex.org/W2154953441","https://openalex.org/W2157756947","https://openalex.org/W2562679878","https://openalex.org/W2776316457","https://openalex.org/W2808500408","https://openalex.org/W2914157628","https://openalex.org/W2922083074","https://openalex.org/W2963552944","https://openalex.org/W2969818399","https://openalex.org/W3025540347","https://openalex.org/W3036568775","https://openalex.org/W3102623115","https://openalex.org/W3191768091","https://openalex.org/W3200737961","https://openalex.org/W4214610206","https://openalex.org/W4220778445","https://openalex.org/W4226067849","https://openalex.org/W4285506946","https://openalex.org/W4367311532","https://openalex.org/W4388622927","https://openalex.org/W4390577927","https://openalex.org/W4394580221","https://openalex.org/W4396909811","https://openalex.org/W4399203470","https://openalex.org/W4400287178","https://openalex.org/W4401332313"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2885105415","https://openalex.org/W2166939931","https://openalex.org/W2548702785","https://openalex.org/W4231087120","https://openalex.org/W2031096545","https://openalex.org/W2322793796","https://openalex.org/W1631301428","https://openalex.org/W2361721963","https://openalex.org/W1566366401","https://openalex.org/W2791809871"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"construct":[1],"time":[2,22,131],"slot":[3,16,32,40],"synchronization":[4,17,41,65,76,86,96,101,114,121,126,138,145],"for":[5,47],"further":[6],"resource":[7],"management":[8],"of":[9,78],"ultraviolet":[10],"(UV)":[11],"networks,":[12],"we":[13,38,61,89],"propose":[14,39,90],"a":[15,56],"protocol":[18],"based":[19,43],"on":[20,44,83],"flooding":[21],"and":[23,55,69,98,117],"power":[24,91,107],"optimization.":[25],"Beacon":[26],"sequence":[27,46],"is":[28,128],"applied":[29],"to":[30,93],"broadcast":[31],"information":[33],"without":[34],"exchanging":[35],"messages.":[36],"Firstly,":[37],"schemes":[42],"beacon":[45],"two":[48],"cases,":[49],"with":[50,67,140],"both":[51],"multiple":[52],"initialization":[53,58],"nodes":[54],"single":[57],"node.":[59],"Then,":[60],"investigate":[62],"the":[63,75,79,84,95,100,124],"network":[64,85,120,144],"accuracy":[66,77,87],"non-overlapping":[68],"overlapping":[70],"beacons,":[71],"as":[72,74],"well":[73],"entire":[80],"network.":[81],"Based":[82],"results,":[88],"optimization":[92,108],"expand":[94],"range":[97],"enhance":[99],"probability.":[102],"Numerical":[103],"results":[104],"show":[105],"that":[106],"can":[109],"approximately":[110,129,141],"achieve":[111],"18%":[112],"higher":[113],"success":[115],"probability":[116],"15%":[118],"larger":[119],"range.":[122],"Moreover,":[123],"proposed":[125],"scheme":[127],"10":[130],"periods":[132],"shorter":[133],"than":[134],"meshed":[135],"emergent":[136],"firefly":[137],"(MEMFIS),":[139],"40%":[142],"lower":[143],"error.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
