{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412404306","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3588591","title":"Millimeter Wave MIMO Channel Estimation Using Sub-6 GHz Out-of-Band Information","display_name":"Millimeter Wave MIMO Channel Estimation Using Sub-6 GHz Out-of-Band Information","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412404306","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3588591"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2025.3588591","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3588591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3588591","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077895286","display_name":"Faruk Pasic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4380-563X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faruk Pasic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Telecommunications, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4380-563X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Telecommunications, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059757855","display_name":"Markus Hofer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1915-9869"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132118926","display_name":"Austrian Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04knbh022","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132118926"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Hofer","raw_affiliation_strings":["AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1915-9869","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132118926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001770792","display_name":"Mariam Mussbah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5276-4606"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mariam Mussbah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Telecommunications, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5276-4606","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Telecommunications, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062897844","display_name":"Seun Sangodoyin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1215-9778"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seun Sangodoyin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1215-9778","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034059392","display_name":"Sebastian Caban","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7880-1575"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sebastian Caban","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Telecommunications, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Telecommunications, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Stefan Schwarz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4065-2906"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Schwarz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Telecommunications, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4065-2906","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Telecommunications, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037351216","display_name":"Thomas Zemen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9392-9155"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132118926","display_name":"Austrian Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04knbh022","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132118926"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Zemen","raw_affiliation_strings":["AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9392-9155","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132118926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009083554","display_name":"Markus Rupp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9003-7779"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Rupp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Telecommunications, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9003-7779","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Telecommunications, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071725365","display_name":"Andreas F. Molisch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4779-4763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas F. Molisch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4779-4763","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014100872","display_name":"Christoph F. Mecklenbr\u00e4uker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9571-0379"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph F. Mecklenbr\u00e4uker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Telecommunications, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9571-0379","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Telecommunications, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3879,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82050889,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"11","first_page":"10692","last_page":"10708"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.6229966282844543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.5981602072715759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5658971667289734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5464677810668945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45848602056503296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.44460952281951904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.38711366057395935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2597944438457489}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.6229966282844543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.5981602072715759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5658971667289734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5464677810668945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45848602056503296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.44460952281951904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.38711366057395935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2597944438457489}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2025.3588591","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3588591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2025.3588591","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3588591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310426","display_name":"Marshallplan-Jubil\u00e4umsstiftung","ror":"https://ror.org/01ar4tp47"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323591","display_name":"Christian Doppler Forschungsgesellschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/00mv8h305"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335937","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Wien Bibliothek","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W653761051","https://openalex.org/W1504983838","https://openalex.org/W1990117292","https://openalex.org/W1993465712","https://openalex.org/W2031858701","https://openalex.org/W2032776349","https://openalex.org/W2044075512","https://openalex.org/W2111953900","https://openalex.org/W2131665779","https://openalex.org/W2140799534","https://openalex.org/W2143447102","https://openalex.org/W2149587304","https://openalex.org/W2195693430","https://openalex.org/W2339667469","https://openalex.org/W2368600038","https://openalex.org/W2593104718","https://openalex.org/W2609289242","https://openalex.org/W2619489443","https://openalex.org/W2907422773","https://openalex.org/W2909778504","https://openalex.org/W2924874421","https://openalex.org/W2950115151","https://openalex.org/W2959236082","https://openalex.org/W2962944637","https://openalex.org/W2963706687","https://openalex.org/W2963819051","https://openalex.org/W2964198810","https://openalex.org/W2968634732","https://openalex.org/W2981476318","https://openalex.org/W2981992764","https://openalex.org/W3008208220","https://openalex.org/W3011676575","https://openalex.org/W3021084189","https://openalex.org/W3036327743","https://openalex.org/W3047736659","https://openalex.org/W3082613602","https://openalex.org/W3190808626","https://openalex.org/W3210082680","https://openalex.org/W4220747215","https://openalex.org/W4249727796","https://openalex.org/W4281382484","https://openalex.org/W4281552421","https://openalex.org/W4312777261","https://openalex.org/W4323065933","https://openalex.org/W4375929136","https://openalex.org/W4385804786","https://openalex.org/W4387250190","https://openalex.org/W4387314911","https://openalex.org/W4392905138","https://openalex.org/W4400351038","https://openalex.org/W4405975306","https://openalex.org/W4410553216","https://openalex.org/W4410583979"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2152088989","https://openalex.org/W2756419127","https://openalex.org/W4366493479","https://openalex.org/W2905893439","https://openalex.org/W3135374966","https://openalex.org/W2554517556","https://openalex.org/W2953205382","https://openalex.org/W1994906402","https://openalex.org/W2489379490","https://openalex.org/W2141031289"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Next-generation":[0],"wireless":[1],"communication":[2,49],"systems":[3,22],"will":[4,23],"incorporate":[5],"millimeter":[6],"wave":[7],"(mmWave)":[8],"as":[9],"one":[10,110],"of":[11,119,129,134,149,158,184,190],"the":[12,69,117,120,124,127,132,135,156,159,174],"key":[13],"technologies":[14],"to":[15,29,37,62,68,83],"increase":[16],"data":[17],"rates.":[18],"These":[19],"forthcoming":[20],"mmWave":[21,65,85,179],"integrate":[24],"multiple-input":[25],"multiple-output":[26],"(MIMO)":[27],"technology":[28],"ensure":[30],"sufficient":[31],"link":[32,50],"margin":[33],"and":[34,105,126,193],"are":[35],"expected":[36],"be":[38],"deployed":[39],"in":[40,147,166,182,188],"conjunction":[41],"with":[42,109],"sub-6":[43],"GHz":[44],"systems.":[45],"Configuring":[46],"a":[47,80,93],"MIMO":[48,86],"usually":[51],"relies":[52],"on":[53,131],"estimating":[54],"channel":[55,102,137,163,180],"state":[56],"information":[57,91],"(CSI),":[58],"which":[59],"is":[60],"difficult":[61],"acquire":[63],"at":[64],"frequencies":[66],"due":[67],"low":[70,191],"pre-beamforming":[71],"signal-to-noise":[72],"ratio":[73],"(SNR).":[74],"In":[75],"this":[76,97],"paper,":[77],"we":[78,99,143,154],"propose":[79],"novel":[81],"approach":[82],"estimate":[84],"channels":[87],"by":[88],"leveraging":[89],"out-of-band":[90],"from":[92],"sub-6GHz":[94],"band.":[95],"Utilizing":[96],"approach,":[98],"develop":[100],"three":[101],"estimation":[103,138,181],"methods":[104,108,139,146,161,176],"compare":[106,144],"these":[107,145],"using":[111],"only":[112],"in-band":[113,178],"information.":[114],"We":[115],"investigate":[116],"influence":[118],"<italic":[121],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[122],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">K</i>-factor,":[123],"SNR":[125,192],"number":[128],"antennas":[130],"performance":[133,157],"proposed":[136,160,175],"through":[140,162],"simulations.":[141],"Additionally,":[142],"terms":[148,183],"their":[150],"computational":[151],"complexity.":[152],"Finally,":[153],"validate":[155],"measurements":[164],"conducted":[165],"an":[167],"outdoor":[168],"environment.":[169],"The":[170],"results":[171],"demonstrate":[172],"that":[173],"outperform":[177],"spectral":[185],"efficiency,":[186],"particularly":[187],"scenarios":[189],"high":[194],"K-factor.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
