{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409581322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3562525","title":"A Capacity Analysis Model for Large-Scale Two-Layered Satellite Networks","display_name":"A Capacity Analysis Model for Large-Scale Two-Layered Satellite Networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409581322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3562525"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2025.3562525","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3562525","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102685323","display_name":"Shao-Fen Zhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4756-5204"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhan Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4756-5204","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054718483","display_name":"Chao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8761-3728"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180662265","display_name":"China Mobile (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05gftfe97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Mobile Research Institute (CMRI), Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Mobile Research Institute (CMRI), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100618804","display_name":"Xiaorong Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1521-8059"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaorong Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1521-8059","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.0877,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9716165,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"10","first_page":"8769","last_page":"8780"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5615254640579224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-satellite","display_name":"Communications satellite","score":0.5215375423431396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.515670657157898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4814869165420532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.35204362869262695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.34240061044692993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22599062323570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1693558394908905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.14385834336280823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.13731110095977783}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5615254640579224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121308736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149918","display_name":"Communications satellite","level":3,"score":0.5215375423431396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.515670657157898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4814869165420532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.35204362869262695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.34240061044692993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22599062323570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1693558394908905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14385834336280823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.13731110095977783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2025.3562525","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3562525","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1005006906","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024ZD1300400","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2475333764","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"92367102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6738531853","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KYCX23_1013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327786","funder_display_name":"Major Technology Innovation Projects of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G841580868","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024ZX03001021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327786","display_name":"Major Technology Innovation Projects of Jiangsu Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2130061115","https://openalex.org/W2130919528","https://openalex.org/W2137775453","https://openalex.org/W2149959815","https://openalex.org/W2240886346","https://openalex.org/W2246789230","https://openalex.org/W2419554616","https://openalex.org/W2768712084","https://openalex.org/W2889330071","https://openalex.org/W2963360098","https://openalex.org/W2963957951","https://openalex.org/W3011988020","https://openalex.org/W3016282456","https://openalex.org/W3023458242","https://openalex.org/W3152725543","https://openalex.org/W4285179196","https://openalex.org/W4290716252","https://openalex.org/W4300661584","https://openalex.org/W4307020413","https://openalex.org/W4312051182","https://openalex.org/W4318483095","https://openalex.org/W4322502556","https://openalex.org/W4322576964","https://openalex.org/W4382935480","https://openalex.org/W4391019701","https://openalex.org/W4401832654"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2121524756","https://openalex.org/W782553550","https://openalex.org/W2013329914","https://openalex.org/W2392383081","https://openalex.org/W1618102658","https://openalex.org/W2139939267","https://openalex.org/W1974511032","https://openalex.org/W2028190576","https://openalex.org/W4206958678","https://openalex.org/W2373343648"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,204],"rapid":[1],"expansion":[2],"of":[3,18,101,168,183,197,224],"Low":[4],"Earth":[5,188],"Orbit":[6,189],"(LEO)":[7],"satellite":[8,56,74,219],"networks":[9],"and":[10,39,140,145,156,193],"has":[11],"heightened":[12],"the":[13,61,99,151,157,166,181,194,222],"need":[14],"for":[15,53,103,137,180,216],"preliminary":[16],"evaluations":[17],"network":[19,75,118,141,158],"capacity.":[20,143,203],"However,":[21],"accurately":[22],"modeling":[23],"Multi-Layer":[24],"Satellite":[25],"Networks":[26],"(MLSN)":[27],"capacity":[28,50,110,155,160],"poses":[29],"significant":[30],"challenges":[31],"due":[32],"to":[33,87,129],"dynamic":[34],"topologies,":[35],"complex":[36],"traffic":[37,115],"flows,":[38],"multi-layer":[40],"configurations,":[41],"etc.":[42],"Therefore,":[43],"in":[44,94],"this":[45],"paper":[46],"we":[47,69,107,133],"propose":[48],"a":[49,71,109,123],"analysis":[51,111,146],"model":[52,77,112,130],"large-scale,":[54],"two-layered":[55,72],"networks.":[57],"Initially,":[58],"based":[59],"on":[60],"current":[62,209],"neighborbased":[63],"inter-satellite":[64],"link":[65,211],"(ISL)":[66],"establishment":[67,212],"rules,":[68],"establish":[70],"collaborative":[73],"transmission":[76,119,142,154,159,202],"with":[78,85,117,165],"delay":[79],"constraints,":[80],"where":[81],"higher-layer":[82],"satellites":[83,199],"assist":[84],"communication":[86],"mitigate":[88],"delays":[89],"caused":[90],"by":[91,113],"excessive":[92],"relays":[93],"lower-layer":[95],"satellites,":[96,132,170,185],"thereby":[97],"reducing":[98],"number":[100,182],"hops":[102],"long-distance":[104],"transmissions.":[105],"Subsequently,":[106],"derive":[108],"comparing":[114],"demand":[116],"capabilities.":[120],"By":[121],"employing":[122],"region-based":[124],"Binary":[125],"Point":[126],"Process":[127],"(BPP)":[128],"gateway":[131,198],"provide":[134],"analytical":[135],"expressions":[136],"both":[138,150],"service":[139,153],"Simulation":[144],"results":[147,176,205],"indicate":[148,207],"that":[149,200,208],"average":[152],"exhibit":[161],"an":[162],"asymptotic":[163],"relationship":[164],"scale":[167],"LEO":[169,184],"represented":[171],"as":[172],"\u0398(1/Na).":[173],"Furthermore,":[174],"simulation":[175],"reveal":[177],"optimal":[178],"configurations":[179],"gateways,":[186],"LEO/Geostationary":[187],"(GEO)":[190],"switching":[191],"points,":[192],"distribution":[195],"density":[196],"maximize":[201],"also":[206],"neighbor-based":[210],"rules":[213],"are":[214],"inadequate":[215],"future":[217],"large-scale":[218],"networks,":[220],"necessitating":[221],"development":[223],"new":[225],"ISL":[226],"mechanisms.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}