{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407938071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3545702","title":"NOMA-Based Ze-RIS Empowered Backscatter Communication With Energy-Efficient Resource Management","display_name":"NOMA-Based Ze-RIS Empowered Backscatter Communication With Energy-Efficient Resource Management","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407938071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3545702"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2025.3545702","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3545702","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/67017","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068202268","display_name":"Muhammad Asif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-1675"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Asif","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015049802","display_name":"Xu Bao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0347-5709"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu Bao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090324801","display_name":"Asim Ihsan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7491-7178"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asim Ihsan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K","Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101966424","display_name":"Wali Ullah Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1485-5141"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wali Ullah Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076986736","display_name":"Xingwang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0907-6517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166499","display_name":"Henan Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vr1c885","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingwang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China","School of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016154330","display_name":"Symeon Chatzinotas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5122-0001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Symeon Chatzinotas","raw_affiliation_strings":["SnT, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SnT, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077149719","display_name":"Octavia A. Dobre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8528-0512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130438778","display_name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","ror":"https://ror.org/04haebc03","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Octavia A. Dobre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University, St. John’s, NL, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University, St. John’s, NL, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068202268"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2402,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86711092,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"9","first_page":"7193","last_page":"7209"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9799000024795532,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backscatter","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","score":0.5974313020706177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-management","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","score":0.535914421081543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4989337921142578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.43129199743270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noma","display_name":"Noma","score":0.4299161732196808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.41639867424964905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.36826902627944946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3466978967189789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.27218854427337646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2313697338104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.1679542362689972}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30354325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204667","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","level":3,"score":0.5974313020706177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.535914421081543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4989337921142578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.43129199743270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775918612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q994794","display_name":"Noma","level":3,"score":0.4299161732196808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.41639867424964905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.36826902627944946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3466978967189789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27218854427337646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2313697338104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.1679542362689972}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2025.3545702","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3545702","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:orbilu.uni.lu:10993/67017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/67017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401815","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","host_organization_name":"University of Luxembourg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications, 73 (9), 7193 - 7209 (2025-02-25)","raw_type":"peer reviewed"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:orbilu.uni.lu:10993/67017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/67017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401815","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","host_organization_name":"University of Luxembourg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications, 73 (9), 7193 - 7209 (2025-02-25)","raw_type":"peer reviewed"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336548","display_name":"Project 333 of Jiangsu Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1518039036","https://openalex.org/W1967956032","https://openalex.org/W2037866776","https://openalex.org/W2065365556","https://openalex.org/W2083213425","https://openalex.org/W2150957592","https://openalex.org/W2151716519","https://openalex.org/W2510906680","https://openalex.org/W2552158593","https://openalex.org/W2613466785","https://openalex.org/W2618100607","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2972294354","https://openalex.org/W2990865112","https://openalex.org/W2995554704","https://openalex.org/W2996961035","https://openalex.org/W3011830499","https://openalex.org/W3027118737","https://openalex.org/W3039402952","https://openalex.org/W3039407536","https://openalex.org/W3043220753","https://openalex.org/W3092592393","https://openalex.org/W3100368766","https://openalex.org/W3129486236","https://openalex.org/W3129823344","https://openalex.org/W3132252774","https://openalex.org/W3140275159","https://openalex.org/W3144244478","https://openalex.org/W3168625149","https://openalex.org/W3172829483","https://openalex.org/W3180206688","https://openalex.org/W3184294468","https://openalex.org/W3205217150","https://openalex.org/W4205524114","https://openalex.org/W4205749129","https://openalex.org/W4206790021","https://openalex.org/W4210439023","https://openalex.org/W4225243047","https://openalex.org/W4225737845","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4285118711","https://openalex.org/W4289656768","https://openalex.org/W4293732132","https://openalex.org/W4310055004","https://openalex.org/W4312549303","https://openalex.org/W4312589859","https://openalex.org/W4315474714","https://openalex.org/W4321483767","https://openalex.org/W4361804051","https://openalex.org/W4379382476","https://openalex.org/W4380987455","https://openalex.org/W4381299820","https://openalex.org/W4386233541","https://openalex.org/W4389459382"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3030525848","https://openalex.org/W4385197910","https://openalex.org/W2340639785","https://openalex.org/W4404253608","https://openalex.org/W3010814398","https://openalex.org/W4385197899","https://openalex.org/W3005957545","https://openalex.org/W3165611029","https://openalex.org/W2370038111","https://openalex.org/W2950413682"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"manuscript":[1],"introduces":[2],"a":[3,9,71,169,198],"novel":[4],"energy-efficient":[5],"optimization":[6],"strategy":[7],"for":[8,78],"zero-energy":[10],"reconfigurable":[11],"intelligent":[12],"reflecting":[13],"surface":[14],"(Ze-RIS)":[15],"supported":[16],"backscatter":[17,54,82,144],"communication":[18],"system":[19,35],"employing":[20],"non-orthogonal":[21],"multiple":[22],"access":[23],"(NOMA).":[24],"The":[25,84],"central":[26],"objective":[27,135],"is":[28],"to":[29],"maximize":[30],"the":[31,34,38,43,49,53,59,66,79,88,96,104,112,116,122,130,134,140,147,153,173,177,181,184,191],"energy-efficiency":[32],"of":[33,47,52,126,133,143,183],"by":[36,102,128],"optimizing":[37],"several":[39],"key":[40],"parameters,":[41],"including":[42],"amplitude":[44,123],"reflection":[45,50,124,141],"coefficient":[46,125],"Ze-RIS,":[48],"coefficients":[51,142],"tags,":[55],"transmit":[56,97],"beamforming":[57,64,98,160],"at":[58,65],"base":[60],"station,":[61],"and":[62,81,107,152,164],"passive":[63,159],"Ze-RIS":[67,80,127],"node,":[68],"while":[69,110],"incorporating":[70],"practical":[72],"non-linear":[73],"energy":[74],"harvesting":[75],"model":[76],"both":[77],"nodes.":[83],"proposed":[85,185],"algorithm":[86],"addresses":[87],"complex":[89],"non-convex":[90],"problem":[91],"through":[92,172],"three":[93],"stages.":[94],"Firstly,":[95],"vectors":[99],"are":[100],"determined":[101],"leveraging":[103,129],"semi-definite":[105,117,165],"programming":[106,166],"successive-convex":[108,162],"approximation,":[109],"handling":[111],"rank-1":[113,170],"constraint":[114],"with":[115,194],"relaxation.":[118],"Secondly,":[119],"we":[120,138,157],"determine":[121],"monotonicity":[131],"property":[132],"function.":[136],"Simultaneously,":[137],"compute":[139,158],"tags":[145],"using":[146,161],"Dinkelbach":[148],"algorithm,":[149],"Lagrange":[150],"duality,":[151],"sub-gradient":[154],"method.":[155,175],"Thirdly,":[156],"approximation":[163],"techniques,":[167],"achieving":[168],"solution":[171],"penalty-based":[174],"Finally,":[176],"numerical":[178],"simulations":[179],"confirm":[180],"effectiveness":[182],"approach,":[186],"demonstrating":[187],"its":[188],"superiority":[189],"over":[190],"benchmark":[192],"competitors":[193],"rapid":[195],"convergence":[196],"within":[197],"few":[199],"iterations.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-12-22T23:10:17.713674","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}