{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407938105","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3545648","title":"Undetected Error Probability in the Short Blocklength Regime: Approaching Finite-Blocklength Bounds With Polar Codes","display_name":"Undetected Error Probability in the Short Blocklength Regime: Approaching Finite-Blocklength Bounds With Polar Codes","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407938105","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3545648"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2025.3545648","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3545648","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043460294","display_name":"Alexander Sauter","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Sauter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Communications Engineering, School of Computation, Information, and Technology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany","School of Computation, Information, and Technology, Institute for Communications Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Arcisstrasse 21, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Communications Engineering, School of Computation, Information, and Technology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computation, Information, and Technology, Institute for Communications Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Arcisstrasse 21, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023509309","display_name":"A. Oguz Kislal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5096-843X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmet Oguz Kislal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5096-843X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045561406","display_name":"Giuseppe Durisi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3941-4038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giuseppe Durisi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3941-4038","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023681550","display_name":"Gianluigi Liva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8657-2963"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gianluigi Liva","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Aerospace Center, Weßling, Germany","German Aerospace Center, Münchener Strasse 20, Wessling, Germany. A. Oguz Kislal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8657-2963","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerospace Center, Weßling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerospace Center, Münchener Strasse 20, Wessling, Germany. A. Oguz Kislal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072788157","display_name":"Bal\u00e1zs Matuz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0133-6564"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166625","display_name":"Huawei German Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00z59w514","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210129353","https://openalex.org/I4210166625"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bal\u00e1zs Matuz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Munich Research Center, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Munich Research Center, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166625"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081349499","display_name":"Erik G. Str\u00f6m","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3084-7232"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erik G. Str\u00f6m","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3084-7232","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2337,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77688512,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"9","first_page":"7007","last_page":"7020"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.7318000197410583,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.7318000197410583,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.6592000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.6353999972343445,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-of-error","display_name":"Probability of error","score":0.6705589890480042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polar","display_name":"Polar","score":0.5693310499191284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.49183154106140137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4739634692668915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-detection-and-correction","display_name":"Error detection and correction","score":0.4521310031414032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-floor","display_name":"Error floor","score":0.4112507998943329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.3932821750640869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3678615689277649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3619127571582794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-code","display_name":"Block code","score":0.3139016330242157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2762569189071655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15705740451812744}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92224547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1673216","display_name":"Probability of error","level":2,"score":0.6705589890480042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29705727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294562","display_name":"Polar","level":2,"score":0.5693310499191284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.49183154106140137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4739634692668915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103088060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062839","display_name":"Error detection and correction","level":2,"score":0.4521310031414032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46462455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5395712","display_name":"Error floor","level":4,"score":0.4112507998943329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.3932821750640869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3678615689277649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3619127571582794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157125643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884707","display_name":"Block code","level":3,"score":0.3139016330242157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2762569189071655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15705740451812744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2025.3545648","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3545648","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:elib.dlr.de:218261","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2025.3545648>.","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196266","display_name":"elib (German Aerospace Center)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","host_organization_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Zeitschriftenbeitrag"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2118381776","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021-04970","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322581","funder_display_name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2978312880","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022-04471","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322581","funder_display_name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6438548949","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"16KISK022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321602","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322581","display_name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","ror":"https://ror.org/03zttf063"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966263746","https://openalex.org/W1969693636","https://openalex.org/W1981735015","https://openalex.org/W1989656617","https://openalex.org/W1993791754","https://openalex.org/W2039365385","https://openalex.org/W2049393327","https://openalex.org/W2073857305","https://openalex.org/W2088393538","https://openalex.org/W2090786588","https://openalex.org/W2101067964","https://openalex.org/W2106045225","https://openalex.org/W2106864314","https://openalex.org/W2109489513","https://openalex.org/W2115827190","https://openalex.org/W2130212976","https://openalex.org/W2133861104","https://openalex.org/W2149685491","https://openalex.org/W2150291802","https://openalex.org/W2150498905","https://openalex.org/W2162276357","https://openalex.org/W2163703077","https://openalex.org/W2164368671","https://openalex.org/W2167259607","https://openalex.org/W2169732368","https://openalex.org/W2170370031","https://openalex.org/W2262889796","https://openalex.org/W2804347328","https://openalex.org/W2886448199","https://openalex.org/W2904380145","https://openalex.org/W2963851449","https://openalex.org/W2971758812","https://openalex.org/W3084197175","https://openalex.org/W3146859493","https://openalex.org/W4210992409","https://openalex.org/W4226143093","https://openalex.org/W4285506413","https://openalex.org/W4363649064"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2060120035","https://openalex.org/W1511416300","https://openalex.org/W4242862669","https://openalex.org/W2156187609","https://openalex.org/W2102163837","https://openalex.org/W2107808800","https://openalex.org/W1966224535","https://openalex.org/W312408695","https://openalex.org/W2053166288","https://openalex.org/W2152446690"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,34,180],"analyze":[1],"the":[2,5,10,13,22,25,30,36,51,87,97,103,114,124,137,140,149,156,159,165,183,204,210,214,222],"trade-off":[3],"between":[4],"undetected":[6],"error":[7,27,120],"probability":[8,11,28],"(i.e.,":[9],"that":[12],"channel":[14,152],"decoder":[15],"outputs":[16],"an":[17,82],"erroneous":[18],"message":[19],"without":[20],"detecting":[21],"error)":[23],"and":[24,173],"total":[26],"in":[29,102,123,155,169,207],"short":[31],"blocklength":[32,43],"regime.":[33],"address":[35],"problem":[37],"by":[38,80],"developing":[39],"two":[40,54],"new":[41],"finite":[42],"achievability":[44],"bounds,":[45],"which":[46,191,217],"we":[47,109,127],"use":[48],"to":[49,69,96,136,164,193,221],"benchmark":[50],"performance":[52,174],"of":[53,113,139,171,175,185],"coding":[55],"schemes":[56],"based":[57],"on":[58,91,148],"polar":[59,73,106,177],"codes":[60],"with":[61,187],"outer":[62,83,115],"cyclic":[63],"redundancy":[64],"check":[65],"(CRC)":[66],"codes\u2014also":[67],"referred":[68],"as":[70],"CRC-aided":[71],"(CA)":[72],"codes.":[74],"The":[75],"first":[76,104],"bound":[77,89],"is":[78,162,218],"obtained":[79],"considering":[81],"detection":[84],"code,":[85],"whereas":[86,122],"second":[88,125],"relies":[90],"a":[92,111,129,194],"threshold":[93,130],"test":[94,131],"applied":[95],"generalized":[98],"information":[99],"density.":[100],"Similarly,":[101],"CA":[105,176],"code":[107,178],"scheme,":[108,126],"reserve":[110],"fraction":[112],"CRC":[116],"parity":[117],"bits":[118],"for":[119],"detection,":[121],"apply":[128],"(specifically,":[132],"Forney\u2019s":[133],"optimal":[134],"rule)":[135],"output":[138],"successive":[141],"cancellation":[142],"list":[143],"decoder.":[144],"Numerical":[145],"simulations":[146],"performed":[147],"binary-input":[150],"AWGN":[151],"reveal":[153],"that,":[154,201],"short-blocklength":[157],"regime,":[158],"threshold-based":[160,215],"approach":[161,212],"superior":[163],"CRC-based":[166,211],"approach,":[167,216],"both":[168],"terms":[170],"bounds":[172],"schemes.":[179],"also":[181],"consider":[182],"case":[184],"decoding":[186,196],"noisy":[188],"channel-state":[189],"information,":[190],"leads":[192],"mismatched":[195],"setting.":[197],"Our":[198],"results":[199],"illustrate":[200],"differently":[202],"from":[203],"previous":[205],"case,":[206],"this":[208],"scenario,":[209],"outperforms":[213],"more":[219],"sensitive":[220],"mismatch.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}