{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406047342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3525568","title":"Geographical Fairness in Multi-RIS-Assisted Networks in Smart Cities: A Robust Design","display_name":"Geographical Fairness in Multi-RIS-Assisted Networks in Smart Cities: A Robust Design","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406047342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3525568"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2025.3525568","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3525568","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3525568","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049613519","display_name":"Progress Zivuku","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5856-523X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Progress Zivuku","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060644315","display_name":"Abuzar B. M. Adam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9231-9734"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abuzar B. M. Adam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063091776","display_name":"Konstantinos Ntontin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1899-6865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konstantinos Ntontin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006190061","display_name":"Steven Kisseleff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8537-9387"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124274","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits","ror":"https://ror.org/024ape423","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124274","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven Kisseleff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS, Erlangen, Germany","Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060290096","display_name":"Vu Nguyen Ha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1325-3480"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vu Nguyen Ha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016154330","display_name":"Symeon Chatzinotas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5122-0001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Symeon Chatzinotas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080037825","display_name":"Bj\u00f6rn Ottersten","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2298-6774"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bj\u00f6rn Ottersten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049613519"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4625,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79881928,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"8","first_page":"6622","last_page":"6638"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7493883967399597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hotspot","display_name":"Hotspot (geology)","score":0.6315994262695312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5893480181694031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.521192729473114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.4688020348548889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.46593016386032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-city","display_name":"Smart city","score":0.43267500400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4224022626876831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4155375063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.36144864559173584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.25996631383895874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.17539292573928833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09686475992202759}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7493883967399597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146481406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105131","display_name":"Hotspot (geology)","level":2,"score":0.6315994262695312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5893480181694031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.521192729473114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4688020348548889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.46593016386032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777103469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1231558","display_name":"Smart city","level":3,"score":0.43267500400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4224022626876831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4155375063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.36144864559173584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.25996631383895874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.17539292573928833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09686475992202759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2025.3525568","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3525568","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:orbilu.uni.lu:10993/63470","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/63470","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401815","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","host_organization_name":"University of Luxembourg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications, 1-1 (2025)","raw_type":"peer reviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/483243","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/483243","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2025.3525568","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3525568","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7099999785423279,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W151604921","https://openalex.org/W1568307856","https://openalex.org/W1969648546","https://openalex.org/W2018759226","https://openalex.org/W2034539682","https://openalex.org/W2053249558","https://openalex.org/W2057950931","https://openalex.org/W2107822629","https://openalex.org/W2343448572","https://openalex.org/W2529278363","https://openalex.org/W2770606349","https://openalex.org/W2791256869","https://openalex.org/W2792630864","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2963121727","https://openalex.org/W2968810373","https://openalex.org/W2970297297","https://openalex.org/W2985466239","https://openalex.org/W2995554704","https://openalex.org/W3001977108","https://openalex.org/W3005476696","https://openalex.org/W3011149292","https://openalex.org/W3034004855","https://openalex.org/W3034980365","https://openalex.org/W3036886449","https://openalex.org/W3043220753","https://openalex.org/W3046159765","https://openalex.org/W3048535702","https://openalex.org/W3088226458","https://openalex.org/W3089319020","https://openalex.org/W3092047133","https://openalex.org/W3099989708","https://openalex.org/W3129486236","https://openalex.org/W3134059753","https://openalex.org/W3152303510","https://openalex.org/W3158356126","https://openalex.org/W3159402647","https://openalex.org/W3173487505","https://openalex.org/W3185482389","https://openalex.org/W3193418585","https://openalex.org/W3203387279","https://openalex.org/W3203767085","https://openalex.org/W3205217150","https://openalex.org/W3210839039","https://openalex.org/W3214095984","https://openalex.org/W4200630107","https://openalex.org/W4214907872","https://openalex.org/W4220693821","https://openalex.org/W4226000778","https://openalex.org/W4226061238","https://openalex.org/W4226263794","https://openalex.org/W4280516467","https://openalex.org/W4281476357","https://openalex.org/W4301657906","https://openalex.org/W4312823246","https://openalex.org/W4320712792","https://openalex.org/W4322706719","https://openalex.org/W4327796581","https://openalex.org/W4378364834","https://openalex.org/W4381735499","https://openalex.org/W4387350508","https://openalex.org/W4388040638","https://openalex.org/W4391559552","https://openalex.org/W4394811174","https://openalex.org/W4399376062","https://openalex.org/W4399518847","https://openalex.org/W4399655267","https://openalex.org/W4399996435","https://openalex.org/W4402159744","https://openalex.org/W6860259671"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2379637199","https://openalex.org/W2405057786","https://openalex.org/W1939054760","https://openalex.org/W2287071596","https://openalex.org/W2623668551","https://openalex.org/W2171065346","https://openalex.org/W2111805192","https://openalex.org/W1998033734","https://openalex.org/W3045561551","https://openalex.org/W2105703566"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,256],"this":[1],"work,":[2],"we":[3,139,201,218],"consider":[4],"a":[5,9,18,75,80,87,141,184],"typical":[6,16],"scenario":[7,21],"in":[8,30,54,74,90,94,115,124,154,197,240,246,263],"harsh":[10],"urban":[11],"propagation":[12],"environment":[13],"which":[14,189],"is":[15,46,183,190],"for":[17],"smart":[19,91],"city":[20,92],"where":[22],"multiple":[23],"reconfigurable":[24],"intelligent":[25],"surfaces":[26],"(RISs)":[27],"are":[28],"deployed":[29,73],"different":[31,55,247,271],"hotspot":[32,56,76,248],"areas":[33,57,249],"to":[34,47,52,109,145,156,195,203,213,251],"overcome":[35],"signal":[36],"blockage":[37],"between":[38],"the":[39,95,104,122,131,147,161,166,174,215,220,226,234,237,252,258],"base":[40],"station":[41],"and":[42,100,136,165,193,210,228,243],"users.":[43,84],"Our":[44],"goal":[45],"ensure":[48],"uninterrupted":[49],"service":[50,63,107,170,245],"availability":[51,64,108],"users":[53,112,153,265],"regardless":[58],"of":[59,83,97,134,151,169,236],"their":[60,267],"location.":[61],"Consistent":[62],"can":[65,78],"be":[66],"achieved":[67],"by":[68,224],"guaranteeing":[69],"that":[70],"each":[71,157],"RIS":[72,135,158],"area":[77],"support":[79],"certain":[81],"number":[82,150],"This":[85],"plays":[86],"critical":[88],"role":[89],"applications":[93],"context":[96],"emergency":[98],"communications":[99],"ubiquitous":[101],"connectivity":[102],"since":[103],"design":[105,239,260],"ensures":[106],"as":[110,113],"many":[111],"possible":[114],"all":[116],"relevant":[117,253],"locations.":[118],"Taking":[119],"into":[120],"consideration":[121],"challenges":[123],"obtaining":[125,241],"channel":[126,272],"state":[127],"information":[128],"(CSI)":[129],"given":[130,270],"passive":[132],"nature":[133],"dynamic":[137],"environments,":[138],"formulate":[140],"robust":[142],"fairness":[143],"problem":[144,182],"maximize":[146],"minimum":[148],"expected":[149],"served":[152],"proximity":[155],"while":[159],"considering":[160],"available":[162],"transmit":[163],"power":[164],"worst-case":[167],"quality":[168],"(QoS)":[171],"constraints":[172,223],"within":[173],"bounded":[175],"CSI":[176],"error":[177],"model":[178],"framework.":[179],"The":[180],"resulting":[181],"mixed":[185],"integer":[186],"non-convex":[187],"program":[188],"highly":[191],"coupled":[192],"challenging":[194],"solve":[196],"polynomial":[198],"time.":[199],"Thus,":[200],"resort":[202],"binary":[204],"variable":[205],"relaxation,":[206],"convex":[207],"approximation":[208],"techniques,":[209],"alternating":[211],"optimization":[212],"tackle":[214],"problem.":[216],"Additionally,":[217],"handle":[219],"semi-infinite":[221],"uncertainty":[222,273],"employing":[225],"S-procedure":[227],"general":[229],"sign-definiteness.":[230],"Simulation":[231],"results":[232],"demonstrate":[233],"effectiveness":[235],"proposed":[238,259],"consistent":[242],"reliable":[244],"compared":[250],"benchmark":[254],"schemes.":[255],"addition,":[257],"shows":[261],"flexibility":[262],"serving":[264],"with":[266],"target":[268],"QoS":[269],"levels.":[274]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
