{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387197033","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3320701","title":"Enhancing Millimeter Wave Cellular Networks via UAV-Borne Aerial IRS Swarms","display_name":"Enhancing Millimeter Wave Cellular Networks via UAV-Borne Aerial IRS Swarms","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387197033","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3320701"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2023.3320701","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3320701","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010826342","display_name":"Na Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9565-559X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Na Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology (DLUT), Dalian, China","State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9565-559X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology (DLUT), Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007214943","display_name":"Xiaoming Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6642-5621"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099586","display_name":"Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data","ror":"https://ror.org/00z1gwf89","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099586"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116924","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5ks197","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoming Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Campus, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6642-5621","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Campus, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116924","https://openalex.org/I4210099586"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029337392","display_name":"Min Sheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7762-5063"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Sheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi’an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7762-5063","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100682735","display_name":"Junyu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7667-6451"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junyu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi’an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7667-6451","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043767506","display_name":"Haichao Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2241-8806"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haichao Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2241-8806","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100656619","display_name":"Nan Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6497-7799"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology (DLUT), Dalian, China","State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6497-7799","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology (DLUT), Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091266202","display_name":"Dusit Niyato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dusit Niyato","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010826342"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827","https://openalex.org/I27357992"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4274,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89434939,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"1","first_page":"524","last_page":"538"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9847000241279602,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9584000110626221,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-behaviour","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","score":0.8509860038757324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.7192018032073975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6783785820007324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-geometry","display_name":"Stochastic geometry","score":0.6677889823913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.6502935290336609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.5808383226394653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.47710520029067993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.4764673709869385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.4566345512866974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coverage-probability","display_name":"Coverage probability","score":0.42189767956733704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3553016185760498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.32684001326560974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3258965313434601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.21710562705993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15341371297836304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08221682906150818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.07998970150947571}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181335050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14915018","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","level":2,"score":0.8509860038757324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.7192018032073975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6783785820007324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31243852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666739","display_name":"Stochastic geometry","level":2,"score":0.6677889823913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.6502935290336609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.5808383226394653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.47710520029067993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.4764673709869385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.4566345512866974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776292839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179217","display_name":"Coverage probability","level":3,"score":0.42189767956733704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3553016185760498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.32684001326560974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3258965313434601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.21710562705993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15341371297836304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08221682906150818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.07998970150947571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2023.3320701","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3320701","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1320095198","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62371086","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3302963753","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62201115","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4761113155","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ISN24-10","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330485","funder_display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8609962665","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022Z001063001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327472","funder_display_name":"Chinese Aeronautical Establishment"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327472","display_name":"Chinese Aeronautical Establishment","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330485","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1584244501","https://openalex.org/W2031834036","https://openalex.org/W2058354033","https://openalex.org/W2070432635","https://openalex.org/W2150166076","https://openalex.org/W2516631548","https://openalex.org/W2577541407","https://openalex.org/W2615358882","https://openalex.org/W2736208033","https://openalex.org/W2803781637","https://openalex.org/W2917008282","https://openalex.org/W2962889437","https://openalex.org/W2963713839","https://openalex.org/W2978075923","https://openalex.org/W2981744413","https://openalex.org/W3012259083","https://openalex.org/W3035073222","https://openalex.org/W3036079579","https://openalex.org/W3043220753","https://openalex.org/W3045387830","https://openalex.org/W3045412016","https://openalex.org/W3080823691","https://openalex.org/W3127940641","https://openalex.org/W3129486236","https://openalex.org/W3151541370","https://openalex.org/W3159402647","https://openalex.org/W3193286416","https://openalex.org/W3199036959","https://openalex.org/W3201313454","https://openalex.org/W3206152335","https://openalex.org/W3207614180","https://openalex.org/W3207916696","https://openalex.org/W4226087734","https://openalex.org/W4285115932","https://openalex.org/W4285140422","https://openalex.org/W4291722330","https://openalex.org/W4312605548","https://openalex.org/W4376456921","https://openalex.org/W4377710206"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2906618418","https://openalex.org/W1524411820","https://openalex.org/W2796103031","https://openalex.org/W3196246556","https://openalex.org/W2996028982","https://openalex.org/W2017282549","https://openalex.org/W2092793296","https://openalex.org/W2952424632","https://openalex.org/W4210295422","https://openalex.org/W2787833841"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Combining":[0],"intelligent":[1],"reflecting":[2],"surface":[3],"(IRS)":[4],"with":[5,131],"an":[6,17,65,121],"unmanned":[7],"aerial":[8,12],"vehicle":[9],"to":[10,20,47,68,119],"form":[11],"IRS":[13],"(AIRS)":[14],"swarms":[15,84,165,182],"is":[16,117],"effective":[18],"way":[19],"enable":[21],"panoramic":[22],"full-angle":[23],"reflection,":[24],"high":[25],"configuration":[26],"flexibility":[27],"and":[28,79,85,94,128,142,166,186,189,194],"reliable":[29],"air-ground":[30],"line-of-sight":[31],"(LoS)":[32],"connections,":[33],"especially":[34],"in":[35,89,97,201],"millimeter":[36],"wave":[37],"(mmWave)":[38],"bands.":[39],"In":[40],"this":[41],"paper,":[42],"we":[43],"use":[44],"stochastic":[45],"geometry":[46],"provide":[48],"a":[49,98,112],"performance":[50,188],"analytical":[51],"framework":[52],"for":[53,172],"AIRS":[54,66,83,135,171,181],"swarm-assisted":[55],"mmWave":[56,202],"cellular":[57,203],"networks,":[58],"where":[59],"each":[60,90],"base":[61],"station":[62],"(BS)":[63],"has":[64],"swarm":[67,75,91],"assist":[69],"downlink":[70],"communications.":[71],"To":[72],"capture":[73],"the":[74,80,87,126,132,139,169,173,191,198],"property":[76],"of":[77,134,151,163],"AIRSs":[78,88,162],"dependence":[81],"between":[82,125],"BSs,":[86,158],"are":[92,154],"uniformly":[93],"randomly":[95],"distributed":[96],"finite":[99],"circular":[100],"area":[101,143],"centered":[102],"on":[103],"their":[104],"assisting":[105,170],"BS.":[106],"Incorporating":[107],"different":[108],"LoS/non-LoS":[109],"propagation":[110],"characteristics,":[111],"two-step":[113],"user":[114],"association":[115],"policy":[116],"proposed":[118],"pursue":[120],"efficient":[122],"communication":[123],"link":[124],"BS":[127],"its":[129],"users":[130],"assistance":[133],"swarm.":[136],"We":[137],"derive":[138],"coverage":[140,185,199],"probability":[141,200],"spectral":[144],"efficiency":[145],"(ASE)":[146],"by":[147,160,168],"considering":[148],"three":[149],"types":[150],"interference":[152],"which":[153],"directly":[155],"from":[156],"interfering":[157],"reflected":[159,167],"active":[161],"other":[164],"typical":[174],"user,":[175],"respectively.":[176],"The":[177],"results":[178],"reveal":[179],"that":[180,196],"enhance":[183],"both":[184],"ASE":[187],"have":[190],"optimal":[192],"height":[193],"density":[195],"maximize":[197],"networks.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}