{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385834606","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3305531","title":"Another Twist to the Scalability in Cell-Free Massive MIMO Networks","display_name":"Another Twist to the Scalability in Cell-Free Massive MIMO Networks","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385834606","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3305531"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2023.3305531","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3305531","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068049967","display_name":"Guillem Femenias","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2002-1733"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50441567","display_name":"Universitat de les Illes Balears","ror":"https://ror.org/03e10x626","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guillem Femenias","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mobile Communications Group, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mobile Communications Group, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041966559","display_name":"Felip Riera-Palou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7080-3173"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50441567","display_name":"Universitat de les Illes Balears","ror":"https://ror.org/03e10x626","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Felip Riera-Palou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mobile Communications Group, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mobile Communications Group, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062293532","display_name":"Emil Bj\u00f6rnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5954-434X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emil Bj\u00f6rnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Kista, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Kista, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068049967"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4723,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8958774,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"11","first_page":"6793","last_page":"6804"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.8711814880371094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7305930852890015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.7181006073951721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6988186240196228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.6139720678329468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.5899389982223511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero-forcing-precoding","display_name":"Zero-forcing precoding","score":0.5595128536224365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.45302459597587585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.4263404905796051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4170558452606201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-antenna-interference-cancellation","display_name":"Single antenna interference cancellation","score":0.41541868448257446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3715943694114685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3605858087539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.33205294609069824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.16985145211219788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1566401720046997}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.8711814880371094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7305930852890015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.7181006073951721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6988186240196228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.6139720678329468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.5899389982223511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155437304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8069444","display_name":"Zero-forcing precoding","level":5,"score":0.5595128536224365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.45302459597587585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.4263404905796051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4170558452606201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83204339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7523915","display_name":"Single antenna interference cancellation","level":3,"score":0.41541868448257446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3715943694114685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3605858087539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.33205294609069824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.16985145211219788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1566401720046997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2023.3305531","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3305531","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1518945650","https://openalex.org/W1540562499","https://openalex.org/W1870121198","https://openalex.org/W2097396380","https://openalex.org/W2119456443","https://openalex.org/W2147601077","https://openalex.org/W2152053270","https://openalex.org/W2159637866","https://openalex.org/W2163754837","https://openalex.org/W2286275639","https://openalex.org/W2344765023","https://openalex.org/W2539198515","https://openalex.org/W2612881001","https://openalex.org/W2742503793","https://openalex.org/W2770606349","https://openalex.org/W2787596476","https://openalex.org/W2794169490","https://openalex.org/W2804119529","https://openalex.org/W2919337008","https://openalex.org/W2919645791","https://openalex.org/W2963048054","https://openalex.org/W2964292558","https://openalex.org/W2965123227","https://openalex.org/W2965824823","https://openalex.org/W2974046131","https://openalex.org/W2979317621","https://openalex.org/W2981096252","https://openalex.org/W3001739548","https://openalex.org/W3022877129","https://openalex.org/W3045086480","https://openalex.org/W3098994186","https://openalex.org/W3099921307","https://openalex.org/W3100767898","https://openalex.org/W3102629668","https://openalex.org/W3126686235","https://openalex.org/W3188358066","https://openalex.org/W3195410378","https://openalex.org/W4289857278","https://openalex.org/W4295679965","https://openalex.org/W4312415321"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2111825998","https://openalex.org/W2326544815","https://openalex.org/W1973158664","https://openalex.org/W1731022149","https://openalex.org/W1996933839","https://openalex.org/W2000226056","https://openalex.org/W4386858283","https://openalex.org/W1979957996","https://openalex.org/W3190864439","https://openalex.org/W1993945082"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cell-free":[0],"massive":[1,8,43,105],"multiple-input":[2],"multiple-output":[3],"(MIMO)":[4],"networks,":[5,45],"where":[6],"a":[7,158,234,255],"number":[9,74],"of":[10,27,37,41,75,126,153,191],"geographically":[11],"distributed":[12],"access":[13],"points":[14],"cooperate":[15],"to":[16,24,33,48,78,101,179,245,254],"jointly":[17],"serve":[18],"the":[19,28,38,51,73,86,91,97,109,115,127,168,187,258],"users,":[20],"have":[21,82,132],"been":[22,83,133],"proved":[23],"solve":[25,90],"many":[26],"interference":[29,198],"related":[30,94],"issues":[31,93],"associated":[32,100],"cellular":[34],"networks.":[35],"One":[36,125],"main":[39],"challenges":[40],"cell-free":[42],"MIMO":[44,106],"however,":[46,137,176],"is":[47,139],"guarantee":[49],"that":[50,69,88,131,246],"potential":[52],"benefits":[53],"this":[54,209],"architecture":[55],"entails":[56],"can":[57,229],"be":[58,230],"achieved":[59],"with":[60,205],"signal":[61,98],"processing":[62,99],"computational":[63],"complexities":[64],"and":[65,104,120,189,215,252],"fronthaul":[66,116],"resource":[67],"requirements":[68],"are":[70,183,203],"scalable":[71,159,235],"as":[72,141],"users":[76,202],"goes":[77],"infinity.":[79],"User-centric":[80],"architectures":[81],"proposed":[84,134,238],"in":[85,135,157,177,233],"literature":[87],"potentially":[89],"scalability":[92],"to,":[95],"first,":[96],"channel":[102,121],"estimation":[103],"combining/precoding,":[107],"second,":[108],"power":[110],"allocation":[111],"algorithms":[112],"and,":[113],"third,":[114],"signaling":[117],"for":[118,186],"data":[119],"state":[122],"information":[123],"sharing.":[124],"best":[128],"centralized":[129],"combiners/precoders":[130],"practice,":[136],"which":[138,219],"termed":[140],"partial":[142],"minimum":[143],"mean":[144],"square":[145],"error":[146],"(P-MMSE),":[147],"does":[148],"not":[149,184],"allow":[150],"obtaining":[151],"expressions":[152],"its":[154],"spectral":[155,227,242],"efficiency":[156,228],"way":[160],"except":[161],"when":[162,201],"using":[163],"lower":[164,174],"bounds":[165],"based":[166,195],"on":[167,196],"well-known":[169],"use-and-then-forget":[170],"(UatF)":[171],"approach.":[172],"These":[173],"bounds,":[175],"addition":[178],"being":[180],"rather":[181],"inaccurate,":[182],"suited":[185],"design":[188],"analysis":[190],"non-linear":[192,216],"combining/precoding":[193,217],"schemes":[194],"successive":[197],"cancellation":[199],"(SIC)":[200],"equipped":[204],"multiple":[206],"antennas.":[207],"In":[208],"paper,":[210],"we":[211,220],"propose":[212],"novel":[213],"linear":[214],"schemes,":[218],"term":[221],"improved":[222],"P-MMSE":[223],"(IP-MMSE),":[224],"whose":[225],"achievable":[226],"accurately":[231],"analyzed":[232],"manner.":[236],"The":[237],"IP-MMSE":[239],"combiner/precoder":[240],"achieves":[241],"efficiencies":[243],"close":[244],"provided":[247],"by":[248],"MMSE-based":[249],"unscalable":[250],"solutions,":[251],"outperforms":[253],"great":[256],"extent":[257],"P-MMSE-based":[259],"counterparts.":[260]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T15:55:50.835912","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}