{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4377079822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3277539","title":"Robust Beamforming Design for RIS-Aided Cell-Free Systems With CSI Uncertainties and Capacity-Limited Backhaul","display_name":"Robust Beamforming Design for RIS-Aided Cell-Free Systems With CSI Uncertainties and Capacity-Limited Backhaul","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4377079822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3277539"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2023.3277539","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3277539","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040565169","display_name":"Jiacheng Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8992-8360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiacheng Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory (NCRL), Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory (NCRL), Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040590707","display_name":"Jindan Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4090-6478"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jindan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013867024","display_name":"Wei Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9341-8382"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory (NCRL), Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory (NCRL), Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006080984","display_name":"Derrick Wing Kwan Ng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6400-712X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Derrick Wing Kwan Ng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060020877","display_name":"Chau Yuen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9307-2120"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chau Yuen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072916702","display_name":"Xiaohu You","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0809-8511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohu You","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory (NCRL), Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory (NCRL), Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040565169"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350","https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.0359,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":77,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98791245,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"8","first_page":"4636","last_page":"4649"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7697968482971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/karush\u2013kuhn\u2013tucker-conditions","display_name":"Karush\u2013Kuhn\u2013Tucker conditions","score":0.7681616544723511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.7366949915885925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6825131773948669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.6650382280349731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/initialization","display_name":"Initialization","score":0.5848665833473206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backhaul","display_name":"Backhaul (telecommunications)","score":0.5618771910667419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.5507215857505798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5252703428268433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.490695595741272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero-forcing-precoding","display_name":"Zero-forcing precoding","score":0.45871832966804504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robust-optimization","display_name":"Robust optimization","score":0.4580582082271576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.4444684684276581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3752279281616211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.29310426115989685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2679942846298218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.2324163019657135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.21278950572013855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.14469373226165771}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7697968482971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50454189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2075125","display_name":"Karush\u2013Kuhn\u2013Tucker conditions","level":2,"score":0.7681616544723511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.7366949915885925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6825131773948669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.6650382280349731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114466953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6034165","display_name":"Initialization","level":2,"score":0.5848665833473206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103760667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798444","display_name":"Backhaul (telecommunications)","level":3,"score":0.5618771910667419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.5507215857505798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5252703428268433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.490695595741272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155437304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8069444","display_name":"Zero-forcing precoding","level":5,"score":0.45871832966804504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193254401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2160088","display_name":"Robust optimization","level":2,"score":0.4580582082271576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.4444684684276581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3752279281616211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.29310426115989685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2679942846298218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.2324163019657135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.21278950572013855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14469373226165771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2023.3277539","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3277539","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/172080","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/172080","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5005675724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DP230100603","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5952740038","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DP210102169","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6546769403","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62022026","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G666793759","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020YFB1806608","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G977737210","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62211530108","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1540562499","https://openalex.org/W1954775620","https://openalex.org/W1966893516","https://openalex.org/W1969648546","https://openalex.org/W2170447664","https://openalex.org/W2213621529","https://openalex.org/W2221524898","https://openalex.org/W2286275639","https://openalex.org/W2593893328","https://openalex.org/W2744046002","https://openalex.org/W2900665975","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2964108473","https://openalex.org/W2971912794","https://openalex.org/W2974046131","https://openalex.org/W2981792785","https://openalex.org/W2985466239","https://openalex.org/W3001977108","https://openalex.org/W3005072086","https://openalex.org/W3015419519","https://openalex.org/W3021225717","https://openalex.org/W3022877129","https://openalex.org/W3032095193","https://openalex.org/W3034448035","https://openalex.org/W3040433108","https://openalex.org/W3043220753","https://openalex.org/W3082876858","https://openalex.org/W3088226458","https://openalex.org/W3092027179","https://openalex.org/W3096023787","https://openalex.org/W3103833233","https://openalex.org/W3113871758","https://openalex.org/W3130099654","https://openalex.org/W3132919426","https://openalex.org/W3133817254","https://openalex.org/W3168739648","https://openalex.org/W3184496427","https://openalex.org/W3187281126","https://openalex.org/W3210839039","https://openalex.org/W3215202967","https://openalex.org/W4221160263","https://openalex.org/W4226113210","https://openalex.org/W4229003827","https://openalex.org/W4229452920","https://openalex.org/W4292258795","https://openalex.org/W4292826030","https://openalex.org/W4296915796","https://openalex.org/W4309270086","https://openalex.org/W4313054927","https://openalex.org/W4317794926","https://openalex.org/W4319934201","https://openalex.org/W4321490517","https://openalex.org/W4323065908","https://openalex.org/W4388895085","https://openalex.org/W6793993781"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2111825998","https://openalex.org/W2326544815","https://openalex.org/W1973158664","https://openalex.org/W1731022149","https://openalex.org/W1996933839","https://openalex.org/W2000226056","https://openalex.org/W4386858283","https://openalex.org/W1979957996","https://openalex.org/W3190864439","https://openalex.org/W1993945082"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,131],"consider":[4],"the":[5,19,27,34,42,45,50,58,63,68,92,105,118,125,133,169,172,185,195,201],"robust":[6,174],"beamforming":[7,175],"design":[8,106],"in":[9,99,200],"a":[10,88,100,140,158,162],"reconfigurable":[11],"intelligent":[12],"surface":[13],"(RIS)-aided":[14],"cell-free":[15],"(CF)":[16],"system":[17,65,203],"considering":[18],"channel":[20],"state":[21],"information":[22],"(CSI)":[23],"uncertainties":[24],"of":[25,62,70,74,90,107,171,187,197],"both":[26],"direct":[28],"channels":[29,32],"and":[30,49,82,94,143,194],"cascaded":[31],"at":[33,44,53],"transmitter":[35],"with":[36,157,181],"capacity-limited":[37],"backhaul.":[38],"We":[39],"jointly":[40],"optimize":[41],"precoding":[43,148],"access":[46],"points":[47],"(APs)":[48],"phase":[51,77,127,189],"shifts":[52,128],"multiple":[54],"RISs":[55,199],"to":[56,67,138,161],"maximize":[57],"worst-case":[59],"sum":[60],"rate":[61],"CF":[64,202],"subject":[66],"constraints":[69,96],"maximum":[71],"transmit":[72],"power":[73],"APs,":[75],"unit-modulus":[76],"shifts,":[78],"limited":[79],"backhaul":[80],"capacity,":[81],"bounded":[83],"CSI":[84],"errors.":[85],"By":[86],"applying":[87],"series":[89],"transformations,":[91],"non-smoothness":[93],"semi-infinite":[95],"are":[97,204],"tackled":[98],"low-complexity":[101],"manner":[102],"that":[103],"facilitates":[104],"an":[108],"alternating":[109],"optimization":[110,129,149,191],"(AO)-based":[111],"iterative":[112],"algorithm.":[113],"The":[114],"proposed":[115,173],"algorithm":[116],"divides":[117],"considered":[119],"problem":[120],"into":[121],"two":[122],"subproblems.":[123],"For":[124,147],"RIS":[126,188],"subproblem,":[130,150],"exploit":[132],"penalty":[134],"convex-concave":[135],"procedure":[136],"(P-CCP)":[137],"obtain":[139],"stationary":[141],"solution":[142],"achieve":[144],"effective":[145],"initialization.":[146],"successive":[151],"convex":[152],"approximation":[153],"(SCA)":[154],"is":[155],"adopted":[156],"convergence":[159],"guarantee":[160],"Karush-Kuhn-Tucker":[163],"(KKT)":[164],"solution.":[165],"Numerical":[166],"results":[167],"demonstrate":[168],"effectiveness":[170],"design,":[176],"which":[177],"achieves":[178],"superior":[179],"performance":[180],"low":[182],"complexity.":[183],"Moreover,":[184],"importance":[186],"shift":[190],"for":[192],"robustness":[193],"advantages":[196],"distributed":[198],"further":[205],"highlighted.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
