{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4323346131","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3250454","title":"Enhanced Secure Communication via Novel Double-Faced Active RIS","display_name":"Enhanced Secure Communication via Novel Double-Faced Active RIS","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4323346131","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3250454"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2023.3250454","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3250454","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081572334","display_name":"Yuan Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9432-4679"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100355814","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1917-783X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1917-783X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048817096","display_name":"Qingqing Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0043-3266"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingqing Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0043-3266","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059252324","display_name":"Qingjiang Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0507-9080"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099586","display_name":"Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data","ror":"https://ror.org/00z1gwf89","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099586"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingjiang Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0507-9080","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099586"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049858372","display_name":"Yang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5440-8234"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091207","display_name":"Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00f44np30","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210091207","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, A&#x002A;STAR, Fusionopolis, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, A&#x002A;STAR, Fusionopolis, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210091207"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1894,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":50,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95414561,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"6","first_page":"3497","last_page":"3512"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12989","display_name":"Ocular Disorders and Treatments","score":0.9768999814987183,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9473999738693237,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6915502548217773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.5995501279830933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4785219430923462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.4603225290775299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.45060160756111145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minification","display_name":"Minification","score":0.43786975741386414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.435939759016037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.43062734603881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.4241126477718353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secrecy","display_name":"Secrecy","score":0.41751429438591003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.387267529964447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.322756290435791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.19368061423301697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.15776804089546204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15606608986854553}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6915502548217773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.5995501279830933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4785219430923462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.4603225290775299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.45060160756111145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.43786975741386414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.435939759016037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.43062734603881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.4241126477718353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776452267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503443","display_name":"Secrecy","level":2,"score":0.41751429438591003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.387267529964447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.322756290435791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.19368061423301697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.15776804089546204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15606608986854553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2023.3250454","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3250454","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1568307856","https://openalex.org/W1964827135","https://openalex.org/W1970830346","https://openalex.org/W2508393166","https://openalex.org/W2610369112","https://openalex.org/W2620901189","https://openalex.org/W2735423482","https://openalex.org/W2761044000","https://openalex.org/W2762714613","https://openalex.org/W2793404084","https://openalex.org/W2948573205","https://openalex.org/W2950680381","https://openalex.org/W2964120315","https://openalex.org/W2971269826","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W3003354119","https://openalex.org/W3036056878","https://openalex.org/W3040433108","https://openalex.org/W3089006580","https://openalex.org/W3115103619","https://openalex.org/W3120844632","https://openalex.org/W3129486236","https://openalex.org/W3135998278","https://openalex.org/W3137570378","https://openalex.org/W3154922279","https://openalex.org/W3172626944","https://openalex.org/W3184496427","https://openalex.org/W3197488186","https://openalex.org/W3198290069","https://openalex.org/W3198753883","https://openalex.org/W3208229673","https://openalex.org/W4206296593","https://openalex.org/W4213157525","https://openalex.org/W4213389700","https://openalex.org/W4220697450","https://openalex.org/W4226061238","https://openalex.org/W4226107114","https://openalex.org/W4229034414","https://openalex.org/W4281940254","https://openalex.org/W4286656242","https://openalex.org/W4312496310","https://openalex.org/W4312984309","https://openalex.org/W4313001863","https://openalex.org/W4313066240","https://openalex.org/W4319459219","https://openalex.org/W4322706765","https://openalex.org/W6811613566"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2016567611","https://openalex.org/W2493929861","https://openalex.org/W2475541339","https://openalex.org/W2107199751","https://openalex.org/W565335793","https://openalex.org/W2765236478","https://openalex.org/W4360996312","https://openalex.org/W2529506699","https://openalex.org/W2766792752","https://openalex.org/W4380894509"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"the":[1,64,73,103,107,111,172],"reconfigurable":[2],"intelligent":[3],"surface":[4],"(RIS)":[5],"technology":[6],"is":[7,50,98,143,149],"envisioned":[8],"promising":[9],"to":[10,42,62,75,102,151,157,193],"enhance":[11,194],"communication":[12,195],"from":[13,106],"all":[14,134,152,188],"aspects,":[15],"including":[16],"physical-layer":[17],"security,":[18],"increasing":[19],"concerns":[20],"have":[21,39],"lately":[22],"been":[23,165],"cast":[24],"onto":[25],"its":[26,32],"defects\u2014the":[27],"severe":[28],"\u201cdouble-fading\u201d":[29],"loss":[30],"and":[31,86,121,145,174,180],"confined-to-half-space":[33],"coverage.":[34],"Diverse":[35],"novel":[36,57],"RIS":[37,155,191],"architectures":[38,156],"recently":[40],"emerged":[41],"partially":[43],"overcome":[44],"these":[45],"shortcomings,":[46],"yet":[47,164],"perfect":[48],"solution":[49,131,142],"still":[51],"absent.":[52],"This":[53],"paper":[54],"proposes":[55],"a":[56],"double-faced":[58],"active":[59],"(DFA)-RIS":[60],"structure":[61],"surmount":[63],"above":[65],"two":[66],"prominent":[67],"defects":[68],"simultaneously.":[69],"Furthermore,":[70],"we":[71,127],"utilize":[72],"DFA-RIS":[74,87,108,185],"promote":[76],"secrecy":[77,92],"performance":[78],"via":[79,136],"jointly":[80],"designing":[81],"access":[82],"point":[83],"(AP)\u2019s":[84],"beamforming":[85],"configuration":[88],"towards":[89],"maximizing":[90],"sum":[91,159],"rate":[93],"(SR).":[94],"The":[95],"optimization":[96,138],"problem":[97],"highly":[99],"challenging":[100],"due":[101],"constraints":[104],"deriving":[105],"architecture,":[109],"especially":[110],"presence":[112],"of":[113,176],"power":[114],"splitting":[115],"parameters.":[116],"By":[117],"leveraging":[118],"majorization\u2013minimization":[119],"(MM)":[120],"penalty":[122],"dual":[123],"decomposition":[124],"(PDD)":[125],"methods,":[126],"develop":[128],"an":[129],"efficient":[130],"that":[132,182],"updates":[133],"variables":[135],"convex":[137],"techniques.":[139],"Our":[140],"proposed":[141,178,184],"significant":[144],"general":[146],"as":[147],"it":[148],"applicable":[150],"other":[153,189],"cutting-the-edge":[154],"maximize":[158],"SR,":[160],"which":[161],"has":[162],"not":[163],"thoroughly":[166],"worked":[167],"out.":[168],"Numerical":[169],"results":[170],"verify":[171],"convergence":[173],"effectiveness":[175],"our":[177,183],"algorithm":[179],"demonstrate":[181],"architecture":[186],"outperforms":[187],"state-of-the-art":[190],"techniques":[192],"security.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
