{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4226071704","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2022.3169813","title":"IRS-Aided Energy-Efficient Secure WBAN Transmission Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning","display_name":"IRS-Aided Energy-Efficient Secure WBAN Transmission Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4226071704","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2022.3169813"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2022.3169813","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2022.3169813","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068976123","display_name":"Liang Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2402-611X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2402-611X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035104173","display_name":"Siyuan Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0037-2168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siyuan Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0037-2168","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032563455","display_name":"Shiyu Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1778-2822"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiyu Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1778-2822","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013729643","display_name":"Helin Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9697-7470"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helin Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9697-7470","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024401174","display_name":"Xiangyang Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7333-9975"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyang Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7333-9975","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5339,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93508674,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"6","first_page":"4162","last_page":"4174"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eavesdropping","display_name":"Eavesdropping","score":0.9273609519004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.747968316078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7032607793807983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5661846399307251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-area-network","display_name":"Body area network","score":0.5607314109802246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5044182538986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-transmission","display_name":"Data transmission","score":0.4840887784957886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.4762939512729645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.47218528389930725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.46208450198173523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4620254933834076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secure-transmission","display_name":"Secure transmission","score":0.42663276195526123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.41216179728507996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.32749414443969727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20047390460968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13615021109580994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.12392693758010864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.07730939984321594}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776788033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320769","display_name":"Eavesdropping","level":2,"score":0.9273609519004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.747968316078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7032607793807983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5661846399307251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88737568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q890056","display_name":"Body area network","level":3,"score":0.5607314109802246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5044182538986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557945733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Data transmission","level":2,"score":0.4840887784957886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.4762939512729645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.47218528389930725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.46208450198173523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4620254933834076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779814227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7444882","display_name":"Secure transmission","level":3,"score":0.42663276195526123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.41216179728507996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.32749414443969727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20047390460968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13615021109580994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.12392693758010864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.07730939984321594}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2022.3169813","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2022.3169813","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2874061861","display_name":"\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u667a\u80fd\u6297\u5e72\u6270\u901a\u4fe1\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61971366","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7203450436","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U21A20444","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1994016836","https://openalex.org/W2008458177","https://openalex.org/W2009349379","https://openalex.org/W2039530785","https://openalex.org/W2052065637","https://openalex.org/W2057565382","https://openalex.org/W2063867591","https://openalex.org/W2068516265","https://openalex.org/W2096333427","https://openalex.org/W2111376763","https://openalex.org/W2127255495","https://openalex.org/W2165618857","https://openalex.org/W2169976759","https://openalex.org/W2358248302","https://openalex.org/W2523691217","https://openalex.org/W2557746379","https://openalex.org/W2559939520","https://openalex.org/W2566316543","https://openalex.org/W2612534924","https://openalex.org/W2736601468","https://openalex.org/W2752805504","https://openalex.org/W2779765840","https://openalex.org/W2799812926","https://openalex.org/W2801889839","https://openalex.org/W2891044362","https://openalex.org/W2892723469","https://openalex.org/W2895879715","https://openalex.org/W2921958779","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2963688708","https://openalex.org/W2968389137","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W3006762012","https://openalex.org/W3015524046","https://openalex.org/W3034281970","https://openalex.org/W3040433108","https://openalex.org/W3041653465","https://openalex.org/W3088151720","https://openalex.org/W3103493968","https://openalex.org/W3188286850","https://openalex.org/W3189090535","https://openalex.org/W3196665073","https://openalex.org/W3199708577","https://openalex.org/W3201321698","https://openalex.org/W3212479961","https://openalex.org/W4206658479","https://openalex.org/W4313306283","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6741002519","https://openalex.org/W6748499312","https://openalex.org/W6752725515"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2786811319","https://openalex.org/W2949251982","https://openalex.org/W3022352698","https://openalex.org/W3006457263","https://openalex.org/W4285103104","https://openalex.org/W2321395681","https://openalex.org/W2901988625","https://openalex.org/W4360605174","https://openalex.org/W4313428353","https://openalex.org/W4292946708"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wireless":[0],"body":[1],"area":[2],"networks":[3],"(WBANs)":[4],"are":[5],"vulnerable":[6],"to":[7,16,50,75,90,110,155],"active":[8,68],"eavesdropping":[9,118],"that":[10,46,95,131],"simultaneously":[11],"perform":[12],"sniffing":[13],"and":[14,22,57,85,125,140,152],"jamming":[15],"raise":[17],"the":[18,48,53,63,77,81,92,113,129,137,142,145,150,153,157,164,168],"sensor":[19,54,122],"transmit":[20,58],"power,":[21,59],"thus":[23],"steal":[24],"more":[25],"healthcare":[26],"data.":[27],"In":[28],"this":[29],"paper,":[30],"we":[31],"propose":[32],"an":[33],"intelligent":[34],"reflecting":[35],"surface":[36],"(IRS)-aided":[37],"reinforcement":[38],"learning":[39,78],"(RL)":[40],"based":[41,104],"secure":[42,114,146],"WBAN":[43,105],"transmission":[44,83,106,115,126,147],"scheme":[45,107],"enables":[47],"coordinator":[49,151],"jointly":[51],"optimize":[52],"encryption":[55],"key":[56],"as":[60,62],"well":[61],"IRS":[64],"phase":[65],"shifts":[66],"against":[67],"eavesdropping.":[69],"A":[70,101],"Dyna":[71],"architecture":[72],"is":[73,88,108,161],"designed":[74],"improve":[76,112],"efficiency":[79],"with":[80,116],"simulated":[82],"experiences":[84],"safe":[86],"exploration":[87],"applied":[89],"avoid":[91],"risky":[93],"policies":[94],"result":[96],"in":[97],"severe":[98],"data":[99],"leakage.":[100],"deep":[102,133],"RL":[103],"proposed":[109,172],"further":[111],"lower":[117],"rate,":[119],"intercept":[120],"probability,":[121],"energy":[123],"consumption":[124],"latency":[127],"for":[128],"coordinators":[130],"support":[132],"learning.":[134],"We":[135],"analyze":[136],"computational":[138],"complexity":[139],"investigate":[141],"equilibrium":[143],"of":[144,170],"game":[148],"between":[149],"eavesdropper":[154],"provide":[156],"performance":[158],"bounds,":[159],"which":[160],"verified":[162],"via":[163],"simulation":[165],"results,":[166],"showing":[167],"efficacy":[169],"our":[171],"schemes.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
