{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3210076811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2021.3124953","title":"Compact User-Specific Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Uplink Transmission","display_name":"Compact User-Specific Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Uplink Transmission","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3210076811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2021.3124953","mag":"3210076811"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2021.3124953","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2021.3124953","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086830328","display_name":"Kunzan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3923-3720"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kunzan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3923-3720","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100337456","display_name":"Zijian Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-9077"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zijian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-9077","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081869164","display_name":"Linglong Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4250-7315"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linglong Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4250-7315","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091122305","display_name":"Lajos Hanzo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2636-5214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lajos Hanzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2636-5214","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9493,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91672816,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"1","first_page":"680","last_page":"692"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6389058828353882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.6019955277442932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.5992352962493896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.592806339263916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.5390867590904236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.5289179086685181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4963756203651428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.4680224359035492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.4138296842575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.33649373054504395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3194134533405304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20882749557495117}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6389058828353882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.6019955277442932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.5992352962493896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.592806339263916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.5390867590904236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.5289179086685181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4963756203651428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.4680224359035492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.4138296842575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.33649373054504395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3194134533405304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20882749557495117}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2021.3124953","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2021.3124953","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:452575","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401019","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.699999988079071}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1190378674","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/L010550/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1471839284","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/W016605/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1972339859","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/P034284/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2422336959","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/P003990/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3009845101","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/J015520/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3931104416","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/L018659/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3964311364","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/N004558/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4982716793","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/J016640/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5514832689","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/J016748/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6158505172","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/D056691/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7577831327","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/G05178X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1576690944","https://openalex.org/W2053521124","https://openalex.org/W2128513990","https://openalex.org/W2147601077","https://openalex.org/W2735938380","https://openalex.org/W2901268226","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2963673880","https://openalex.org/W2964066573","https://openalex.org/W2968810373","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2969519626","https://openalex.org/W2970297297","https://openalex.org/W3005072086","https://openalex.org/W3005476696","https://openalex.org/W3006557588","https://openalex.org/W3010176898","https://openalex.org/W3011830499","https://openalex.org/W3022916026","https://openalex.org/W3038283497","https://openalex.org/W3043119790","https://openalex.org/W3081766336","https://openalex.org/W3090699061","https://openalex.org/W3095744382","https://openalex.org/W3096401097","https://openalex.org/W3099769502","https://openalex.org/W3103135626","https://openalex.org/W3114508073","https://openalex.org/W3115103619","https://openalex.org/W3122864568","https://openalex.org/W3129486236","https://openalex.org/W3132406383","https://openalex.org/W3134021994","https://openalex.org/W3136688786","https://openalex.org/W3150893810","https://openalex.org/W3154003282","https://openalex.org/W3155632926","https://openalex.org/W3168739648","https://openalex.org/W3169548345","https://openalex.org/W3178081691","https://openalex.org/W3184496427","https://openalex.org/W3197488186","https://openalex.org/W4210484301","https://openalex.org/W4296310844","https://openalex.org/W4309118182","https://openalex.org/W6787179685","https://openalex.org/W6787952689","https://openalex.org/W6793488170","https://openalex.org/W6807824518"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2548963335","https://openalex.org/W2159941915","https://openalex.org/W1995129237","https://openalex.org/W4365807906","https://openalex.org/W2157864637","https://openalex.org/W4223416141","https://openalex.org/W2546639359","https://openalex.org/W1922070205","https://openalex.org/W1604254364","https://openalex.org/W3115615240"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Large-scale":[0],"antenna":[1,35,67,258],"arrays":[2],"employed":[3],"by":[4,42,99,117,213,234],"the":[5,18,38,43,54,62,70,82,90,96,102,107,111,136,142,145,153,156,190,196,207,210,231,244,247,261],"base":[6],"station":[7],"(BS)":[8],"constitute":[9],"an":[10,226],"essential":[11],"next-generation":[12],"communications":[13],"technique.":[14],"However,":[15],"due":[16],"to":[17,31,81,89,122,135,206],"constraints":[19],"of":[20,46,56,64,85,92,104,144,155,172,202,209,246,255],"size,":[21],"cost,":[22],"and":[23,76],"power":[24],"consumption,":[25],"it":[26],"is":[27,115],"usually":[28],"considered":[29],"unrealistic":[30],"use":[32],"a":[33,65,74,119,124,169,219,252,256],"large-scale":[34,66,257],"array":[36,68,259],"at":[37,69,106,260],"user":[39,71,108,262],"side.":[40],"Inspired":[41],"emerging":[44],"technique":[45],"reconfigurable":[47],"intelligent":[48],"surfaces":[49],"(RIS),":[50],"we":[51,194,217],"firstly":[52],"propose":[53,218],"concept":[55,98],"user-specific":[57],"RIS":[58,105,149],"(US-RIS)":[59],"for":[60,110,175,183,229,264],"facilitating":[61],"employment":[63,103],"side":[72,109,263],"in":[73,133],"cost-":[75],"energy-efficient":[77],"way.":[78],"In":[79,186],"contrast":[80,134],"existing":[83,137],"employments":[84],"RIS,":[86],"which":[87,166],"belong":[88],"family":[91],"base-station-specific":[93],"RISs":[94],"(BSS-RISs),":[95],"US-RIS":[97,160,250],"definition":[100],"facilitates":[101],"first":[112],"time.":[113],"This":[114],"achieved":[116],"conceiving":[118],"multi-layer":[120,159,192,215,220,249],"structure":[121],"realize":[123],"compact":[125,253],"form-factor.":[126],"Furthermore,":[127],"our":[128,240],"theoretical":[129],"results":[130,242],"demonstrate":[131],"that,":[132],"single-layer":[138],"structure,":[139,216],"where":[140],"only":[141],"phase":[143],"signal":[146,157],"reflected":[147],"from":[148],"can":[150,161,179],"be":[151,163,180],"adjusted,":[152],"amplitude":[154],"penetrating":[158],"also":[162],"partially":[164],"controlled,":[165],"brings":[167],"about":[168],"new":[170],"degree":[171],"freedom":[173],"(DoF)":[174],"beamformer":[176,222],"design":[177,223],"that":[178],"beneficially":[181],"exploited":[182],"performance":[184],"enhancement.":[185],"addition,":[187],"based":[188],"on":[189,225],"proposed":[191,248],"US-RIS,":[193],"formulate":[195],"signal-to-noise":[197],"ratio":[198],"(SNR)":[199],"maximization":[200],"problem":[201,211],"US-RIS-aided":[203],"communications.":[204],"Due":[205],"non-convexity":[208],"introduced":[212],"this":[214],"transmit":[221],"relying":[224],"iterative":[227],"algorithm":[228],"finding":[230],"optimal":[232],"solution":[233],"alternately":[235],"updating":[236],"each":[237],"variable.":[238],"Finally,":[239],"simulation":[241],"verify":[243],"superiority":[245],"as":[251],"realization":[254],"uplink":[265],"transmission.":[266]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-07-04T07:58:01.006859","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
