{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3044929920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2020.3010986","title":"Absolute Value Layered ACO-OFDM for Intensity-Modulated Optical Wireless Channels","display_name":"Absolute Value Layered ACO-OFDM for Intensity-Modulated Optical Wireless Channels","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3044929920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2020.3010986","mag":"3044929920"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2020.3010986","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2020.3010986","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063715338","display_name":"Ruowen Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6077-0961"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruowen Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6077-0961","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091612000","display_name":"Steve Hranilovic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0308-2489"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steve Hranilovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0308-2489","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1198,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87650372,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"11","first_page":"7098","last_page":"7110"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.935143768787384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5269442796707153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.514237105846405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.43718865513801575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3928762674331665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.3791307508945465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.29593682289123535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18432462215423584}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.935143768787384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5269442796707153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.514237105846405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.43718865513801575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3928762674331665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3791307508945465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.29593682289123535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18432462215423584}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2020.3010986","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2020.3010986","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1556721971","https://openalex.org/W1565383065","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W2005598207","https://openalex.org/W2019743177","https://openalex.org/W2035527502","https://openalex.org/W2050352152","https://openalex.org/W2078853936","https://openalex.org/W2096776475","https://openalex.org/W2105935781","https://openalex.org/W2108321850","https://openalex.org/W2111064254","https://openalex.org/W2113274078","https://openalex.org/W2116213015","https://openalex.org/W2123068486","https://openalex.org/W2181750318","https://openalex.org/W2263466419","https://openalex.org/W2291169002","https://openalex.org/W2542331688","https://openalex.org/W2555103657","https://openalex.org/W2621284532","https://openalex.org/W2646258928","https://openalex.org/W2751567198","https://openalex.org/W2886190996","https://openalex.org/W2891662932","https://openalex.org/W2895961308","https://openalex.org/W2906339502","https://openalex.org/W2920369046","https://openalex.org/W2962263571","https://openalex.org/W2962725554","https://openalex.org/W3009221373"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3118536199","https://openalex.org/W1823550417","https://openalex.org/W4243590696","https://openalex.org/W3168365631","https://openalex.org/W3016860855","https://openalex.org/W2147186021","https://openalex.org/W4321843682","https://openalex.org/W4200390541","https://openalex.org/W2151541251","https://openalex.org/W4290996306"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Enhanced":[0],"unipolar":[1],"orthogonal":[2],"frequency":[3],"division":[4],"multiplexing":[5],"(eU-OFDM)":[6],"and":[7,54,76,88,117,145],"layered":[8,35,119],"asymmetrically":[9,36,63],"clipped":[10,37,64],"optical":[11,38,65,79,126],"OFDM":[12,39,66,80],"(LACO-OFDM)":[13],"are":[14,69,122,135],"spectrally":[15],"efficient":[16],"modulation":[17],"techniques":[18,121],"for":[19,84],"intensity":[20],"modulated":[21],"systems":[22],"which":[23,41],"layer":[24],"multiple":[25],"non-negative":[26],"signals.":[27],"In":[28,61],"this":[29],"paper,":[30],"we":[31],"propose":[32],"absolute":[33,77],"value":[34,78],"(ALACO-OFDM),":[40],"further":[42],"improves":[43],"the":[44,72,85,131,138,146,156,170,185],"spectral":[45,97,187],"efficiency":[46,98,188],"while":[47,103,189],"using":[48,104],"a":[49,105,152,191],"smaller":[50,106,192],"number":[51,107],"of":[52,108,115,133,140,159],"layers":[53,75,132],"no":[55],"explicit":[56],"direct":[57],"current":[58],"(DC)":[59],"bias.":[60],"ALACO-OFDM,":[62],"(ACO-OFDM)":[67],"signals":[68],"sent":[70],"at":[71,184],"first":[73],"L":[74],"(AVO-OFDM)":[81],"is":[82,161],"used":[83],"remaining":[86],"subcarriers":[87],"transmitted":[89],"simultaneously.":[90],"Analysis":[91],"indicates":[92],"that":[93],"ALACO-":[94],"achieves":[95,174],"higher":[96],"than":[99],"eU-":[100],"or":[101],"LACO-OFDM":[102],"layers.":[109],"Bounds":[110],"on":[111,155],"achievable":[112,147],"information":[113,148],"rates":[114],"ALACO-OFDM":[116,134,160,168],"related":[118],"ACO-OFDM":[120],"also":[123],"developed.":[124],"Two":[125],"power":[127,172,194],"allocation":[128,173],"schemes":[129],"over":[130],"developed":[136],"with":[137,169],"objective":[139],"optimizing":[141],"uncoded":[142,157,176],"transmission":[143],"performance":[144,178],"rate":[149],"respectively.":[150],"Additionally,":[151],"theoretical":[153],"bound":[154],"BER":[158,177],"derived.":[162],"Monte":[163],"Carlo":[164],"simulation":[165],"results":[166],"indicate":[167],"optimum":[171],"significant":[175],"gains":[179],"compared":[180],"to":[181],"its":[182],"counterparts":[183],"same":[186],"having":[190],"peak-to-average":[193],"ratio.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
