{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2950187114","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2019.2923627","title":"Optimization and Quantization of Multibeam Beamforming Vector for Joint Communication and Radio Sensing","display_name":"Optimization and Quantization of Multibeam Beamforming Vector for Joint Communication and Radio Sensing","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2950187114","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2019.2923627","mag":"2950187114"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2019.2923627","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2019.2923627","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://opus.lib.uts.edu.au/bitstream/10453/136325/4/Multibeam_R2_v1_2col_AZ.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082612378","display_name":"Yuyue Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1994-2650"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuyue Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1994-2650","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100706723","display_name":"J. Andrew Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6102-3762"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Andrew Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6102-3762","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032927520","display_name":"Xiaojing Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6869-5732"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojing Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6869-5732","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021527965","display_name":"Wei Ni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4933-594X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Ni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data61, CSIRO, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4933-594X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data61, CSIRO, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I42894916"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034755490","display_name":"Jin Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4994-8471"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4994-8471","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9241,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":64,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91590301,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"9","first_page":"6468","last_page":"6482"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7954145669937134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.7745770215988159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.6195483803749084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.5706213116645813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vector-quantization","display_name":"Vector quantization","score":0.558448076248169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5563769936561584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-module","display_name":"Phase shift module","score":0.48764100670814514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.437601238489151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.4183313846588135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3952431380748749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2783361077308655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.21876928210258484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.1860550343990326}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7954145669937134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.7745770215988159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.6195483803749084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.5706213116645813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199833920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q612536","display_name":"Vector quantization","level":2,"score":0.558448076248169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5563769936561584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103864889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4480524","display_name":"Phase shift module","level":3,"score":0.48764100670814514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.437601238489151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.4183313846588135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3952431380748749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2783361077308655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.21876928210258484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.1860550343990326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2019.2923627","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2019.2923627","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:opus.lib.uts.edu.au:10453/136325","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10453/136325","pdf_url":"https://opus.lib.uts.edu.au/bitstream/10453/136325/4/Multibeam_R2_v1_2col_AZ.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401357","display_name":"UTS ePRESS (University of Technology Sydney)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","host_organization_name":"University of Technology Sydney","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:opus.lib.uts.edu.au:10453/136325","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10453/136325","pdf_url":"https://opus.lib.uts.edu.au/bitstream/10453/136325/4/Multibeam_R2_v1_2col_AZ.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401357","display_name":"UTS ePRESS (University of Technology Sydney)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","host_organization_name":"University of Technology Sydney","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4441083650","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61721001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2950187114.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2950187114.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1911476179","https://openalex.org/W1993964471","https://openalex.org/W2014075533","https://openalex.org/W2018109377","https://openalex.org/W2060108923","https://openalex.org/W2080399395","https://openalex.org/W2095989010","https://openalex.org/W2103759700","https://openalex.org/W2122941227","https://openalex.org/W2125930644","https://openalex.org/W2134503975","https://openalex.org/W2148982591","https://openalex.org/W2153903821","https://openalex.org/W2165759030","https://openalex.org/W2195693430","https://openalex.org/W2470291099","https://openalex.org/W2561296078","https://openalex.org/W2590141315","https://openalex.org/W2601365184","https://openalex.org/W2603407422","https://openalex.org/W2622137694","https://openalex.org/W2769776241","https://openalex.org/W2770880660","https://openalex.org/W2782637457","https://openalex.org/W2800076918","https://openalex.org/W2886411291","https://openalex.org/W2889112240","https://openalex.org/W2890845934","https://openalex.org/W2895865304","https://openalex.org/W2963674318","https://openalex.org/W2963993392","https://openalex.org/W2964202652","https://openalex.org/W4253049536","https://openalex.org/W6753708608"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2368851831","https://openalex.org/W2978186478","https://openalex.org/W4232953560","https://openalex.org/W2361450273","https://openalex.org/W2100867535","https://openalex.org/W2375092694","https://openalex.org/W1964195796","https://openalex.org/W1842853702","https://openalex.org/W4297002520","https://openalex.org/W3209251257"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Joint":[0],"communication":[1,53,123],"and":[2,51,55,72,186,194],"radio":[3],"sensing":[4,30,49],"(JCAS)":[5],"in":[6],"millimeter-wave":[7],"(mmWave)":[8],"systems":[9],"requires":[10],"the":[11,29,33,36,65,69,73,76,82,87,93,99,107,111,115,121,127,130,136,158,161,180,183,187,190],"use":[12],"of":[13,35,68,75,95,98,129,160,182,189],"a":[14,21],"steerable":[15],"beam.":[16,84],"For":[17,126],"analog":[18],"antenna":[19],"arrays,":[20],"single":[22],"beam":[23],"is":[24,104,170],"typically":[25],"used,":[26],"which":[27],"limits":[28],"area":[31],"within":[32],"direction":[34],"communication.":[37],"Multibeam":[38],"technology":[39],"can":[40],"overcome":[41],"this":[42,61],"limitation":[43],"by":[44,156],"separately":[45],"generating":[46],"package-level":[47],"direction-varying":[48],"subbeams":[50,54,71],"fixed":[52],"then":[56],"combine":[57],"them":[58],"coherently.":[59],"In":[60],"paper,":[62],"we":[63,109,133],"investigate":[64],"optimal":[66,116],"combination":[67],"two":[70,140,162],"quantization":[74,128,154,168,174,196],"beamforming":[77],"(BF)":[78],"vector":[79],"that":[80,119],"generates":[81],"combined":[83],"When":[85],"either":[86],"full":[88],"channel":[89],"matrix":[90],"or":[91],"only":[92],"angle":[94],"departure":[96],"(AoD)":[97],"dominating":[100],"line-of-sight":[101],"(LOS)":[102],"path":[103],"known":[105],"at":[106],"transmitter,":[108],"derive":[110],"closed-form":[112],"expressions":[113],"for":[114,172],"combining":[117,157],"coefficients":[118],"maximize":[120],"received":[122],"signal":[124],"power.":[125],"BF":[131,148],"vector,":[132],"focus":[134],"on":[135],"two-phase-shifter":[137],"array":[138],"where":[139],"phase":[141,163],"shifters":[142],"are":[143],"used":[144],"to":[145],"represent":[146],"each":[147],"weight.":[149],"We":[150],"propose":[151],"novel":[152],"joint":[153,195],"methods":[155],"codebooks":[159],"shifters.":[164],"The":[165],"mean":[166],"squared":[167],"error":[169],"derived":[171],"various":[173],"methods.":[175,197],"Extensive":[176],"simulation":[177],"results":[178,185],"validate":[179],"accuracy":[181],"analytical":[184],"effectiveness":[188],"proposed":[191],"multibeam":[192],"optimization":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}